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Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (, 4 June 1867 – 27 January 1951) was a Finnish military commander, aristocrat, and statesman. He served as the military leader of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War (1918), as Regent of Finland (1918–1919), as commander-in-chief of the Finnish Defence Forces during World War II (1939–1945), and as the sixth president of Finland (1944–1946). He became Finland's only field marshal in 1933 and was appointed honorary Marshal of Finland in 1942. Born into a Swedish-speaking family in the Grand Duchy of Finland, Mannerheim made a career in the Imperial Russian Army, serving in the Russo-Japanese War and the Eastern Front of World War I and rising by 1917 to the rank of lieutenant general. He had a prominent place in the 1896 coronation ceremonies for Emperor Nicholas II and later had several private meetings with him. After the Bolshevik coup of November 1917 in Russia, Finland declared its independence on 6 December, but soon became e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Finland
The president of the Republic of Finland (; ) is the head of state of Finland. The incumbent president is Alexander Stubb, since 1 March 2024. He was elected president for the first time in 2024 Finnish presidential election, 2024. The president is directly elected by universal suffrage for a term of six years. Since 1994, no president may be elected for more than two consecutive terms. The president must be a Natural-born-citizen clause, natural-born Finnish citizen. The presidential office was established in the Constitution of Finland#Historical background and reform, Constitution Act of 1919. Under the Constitution of Finland, executive power is vested in the Finnish Government and the president, with the latter possessing only residual powers. Only formally, the president Finnish order of precedence, ranks first in the protocol, before the Speaker of the Parliament of Finland, speaker of the parliament and the Prime Minister of Finland, prime minister of Finland. Finland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophie Mannerheim
Baroness Eva Charlotta Lovisa Sofia (Sophie) Mannerheim (21 December 1863 – 9 January 1928) was a famous nurse known as a pioneer of modern nursing in Finland. She was a daughter of count Carl Robert Mannerheim and a sister of former Finnish President, Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, and of the artist and writer Eva Mannerheim-Sparre. Mannerheim was president of Finnish Nurses' Association and also of the International Council of Nurses. She was awarded the Florence Nightingale Medal in 1925. A primary and hospital school in Helsinki is named after her. Early life and education Mannerheim was born in Helsinki on 21 December 1863. She was the eldest daughter of Count Carl Robert Mannerheim and Hedvig Charlotta Helena von Julin, and she was a sister of former Finnish President, Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, and of the artist and writer Eva Mannerheim-Sparre. Mannerheim trained as a teacher in Stockholm from 1881, and worked as a governess before returning to Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a captain general. In modern armies, lieutenant general normally ranks immediately below general (or colonel general) and above major general; it is equivalent to the navy rank of vice admiral, and in air forces with a separate rank structure, it is equivalent to air marshal. In the United States, a lieutenant general has a three star insignia and commands an army corps, typically made up of three army divisions, and consisting of around 60,000 to 70,000 soldiers. The seeming incongruity that a lieutenant general outranks a major general (whereas a major outranks a lieutenant) is due to the derivation of major general from sergeant major general, which was a rank subordinate to lieutenant general (as a lieutenan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Army
The Finnish Army ( , ) is the army, land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, Combat engineering, engineers, Military communications, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finland, Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki. Role The duties of the Finnish Army are threefold. They are: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Guard (Finland)
The White Guard, officially known as the Civil Guard (, ; ; ), was a voluntary militia, part of the Finnish Whites movement, that emerged victorious over the socialist Red Guards in the Finnish Civil War of 1918. They were generally known as the "White Guard" in the West due to their opposition to the "communist" Red Guards. In the White Army of Finland many participants were recruits, draftees and German-trained Jägers – rather than part of the paramilitary. The central organization was named the White Guard Organization, and the organization consisted of local chapters in municipalities. The Russian Revolution of 1905 led to social and political unrest and a breakdown of security in Finland, which was then a Grand Duchy under the rule of the Russian Tsar. Citizen militias formed as a response, but soon these would be transformed along political (left-right) lines. The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent independence of Finland (declared in December 1917) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Russian Army
The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and two forces that served on separate regulations: the Cossacks, Cossack troops and the Islam in Russia, Muslim troops. A regular Russian army existed after the end of the Great Northern War in 1721.День Сухопутных войск России. Досье [''Day of the Ground Forces of Russia. Dossier''] (in Russian). TASS. 31 August 2015. During his reign, Peter the Great accelerated the modernization of Russia's armed forces, including with a decree in 1699 that created the basis for recruiting soldiers, military regulations for the organization of the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julin (family)
Julin is a Nordic surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Åke Julin (1919–2008), Swedish water polo player * Albert von Julin (1846–1906), Finnish businessman and vuorineuvos * Albert Lindsay von Julin (1871–1944), Finnish engineer, businessman and vuorineuvos, nephew of Albert * Cecilia Julin (born 1955), Swedish diplomat * Erik Julin (1796–1874), Finnish apothecary, shipowner and industrialist, uncle of Albert * (1906–1990), Swedish botanist * Harald Julin (1890–1967), Swedish swimmer and water polo player, father of Åke and Rolf * Jessica Julin (born 1978), Finnish football player * John von Julin (1787–1853), Finnish pharmacist, factory owner and vuorineuvos, father of Albert and brother of Erik * Magda Julin (1894–1990), Swedish figure skater * Pia Julin (born 1969), Finnish Olympic shooter * Rolf Julin (1918–1997), Swedish water polo player, son of Harald and brother of Åke * Urho Julin (1928–2002), Finnish Olympic runner {{surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mannerheim (family)
The Mannerheim family (originally Marhein) also spelled von Mannerheim is the name of a prominent noble family of German origin, which was part of Finnish, Swedish, and German nobility. Lineage Baronial lineage (number 18 in the register of the Finnish House of Nobility) The family descends from a German businessman and mill owner, Henrik Marhein (1618–1667), who emigrated to Gävle, Sweden. His son, Augustin Marhein, was raised to the nobility in Sweden in 1693. He was introduced to the Riddarhuset as a member of the Untitled Nobility (''adliga ätter''), being introduced under number 1260, and with the surname Mannerheim. His son, an artillery colonel and a mill supervisor, Johan Augustin Mannerheim (1706–1778), was raised to the rank of Baron at the same time with his brother in 1768. Johan Augustin was introduced in 1776 under number 277. His son Baron Carl Erik Mannerheim came to Finland in the latter part of 18th century and the family was immatriculated in Finl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Helsinki
The University of Helsinki (, ; UH) is a public university in Helsinki, Finland. The university was founded in Turku in 1640 as the Royal Academy of Åbo under the Swedish Empire, and moved to Helsinki in 1828 under the sponsorship of Alexander I of Russia, Tsar Alexander I. The University of Helsinki is the oldest and largest university in Finland with a range of disciplines available. In 2022, around 31,000 students were enrolled in the degree programs of the university spread across 11 faculties and 11 research institutes. As of 1 August 2005, the university complies with the harmonized structure of the Europe-wide Bologna Process and offers bachelor, master, licenciate, and Doctorate, doctoral degrees. Admission to degree programmes is usually determined by entrance examinations, in the case of bachelor's degrees, and by prior degree results, in the case of master and postgraduate degrees. The university is bilingual, with teaching by law provided both in Finnish and Swedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg C
{{disambiguation ...
Georg may refer to: * ''Georg'' (film), 1997 *Georg (musical), Estonian musical * Georg (given name) * Georg (surname) * , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker * Spiders Georg, an Internet meme See also * George (other) George may refer to: Names * George (given name) * George (surname) People * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Gior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Von Julin
Johan Albert Edvard von Julin (December 22, 1846 – June 7, 1906) was a Finnish businessman and ''vuorineuvos'', who served as the CEO of Fiskars Ab from 1875, rescuing the company from financial difficulties. He was the uncle of Gustaf Mannerheim, who was later known as the Marshal of Finland and the Commander-in-chief of the Finnish Defence Forces.Mannerheim – Kasvuaika (in Finnish) Biography Albert von Julin, who was born on December 22, 1846, in the municipality of Pohja, was the youngest son of John von Julin (1787–1853), one of the most important industrial leaders of the 19th century. The father died when Albert was six year ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
