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Calyculin
Calyculins are natural products originally isolated from the marine sponge '' Discodermia calyx.'' Calyculins have proven to be strong serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitors and based on this property, calyculins might be potential tumor-promoting agents. A laboratory synthesis of calyculin A has been reported. References Organophosphates Nitriles Spiro compounds {{Oncology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discodermia Calyx
''Discodermia calyx'' is a species of bowl-shaped sponge that is found in shallow waters in central and southern Japan. The species is distributed by the central Kuroshio current and is therefore localized along this current. Like many other sponges, ''D. calyx'' are very porous. They use the pores in their outer walls to draw in water which they then expel, retaining the nutrients dissolved in the water to nourish themselves. To keep water flowing in and out, the flagella that line their pores beat in either direction. The toxin calyculin A, used in medical research, can be extracted from this species. Taxonomy ''Discodermia calyx'' belongs to the Animalia family. Its phylum is ''Porifera'', which is characterizes it as a sponge. ''D. calyx'' belongs to the class demospongia and the order tetractinallida. The family that it belongs to is theonellida. Finally, the correct binomial nomenclature for this species of sponge is ''Discodermia calyx'', which indicates its genus and sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organophosphates
In organic chemistry, organophosphates (also known as phosphate esters, or OPEs) are a class of organophosphorus compounds with the general structure , a central phosphate molecule with alkyl or aromatic substituents. They can be considered as esters of phosphoric acid. Like most functional groups, organophosphates occur in a diverse range of forms, with important examples including key biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and ATP, as well as many insecticides, herbicides, nerve agents and flame retardants. OPEs have been widely used in various products as flame retardants, plasticizers, and performance additives to engine oil. The popularity of OPEs as flame retardants came as a substitution for the highly regulated brominated flame retardants. The low cost of production and compatibility to diverse polymers made OPEs to be widely used in industry including textile, furniture, electronics as plasticizers and flame retardants. These compounds are added to the final product physi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitriles
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a functional group. The prefix '' cyano-'' is used interchangeably with the term ''nitrile'' in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons. Inorganic compounds containing the group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic. Structure and basic properties The N−C−C geometry is linear in nitriles, reflecting the sp hybridization of the triply bonded carbon. The C−N distance is short at 1.16 Å, consistent with a triple bond. Nitr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
