Calandria (other)
Calandria may refer to: * Calandria (nuclear reactor), the CANDU reactor * ''La Calandria'' (play), a comedy of the Italian Renaissance * Heating equipment used during brewing * Plural form for the calandra lark, a bird species * A thermosyphon reboiler * A shell and tube heat exchanger See also * Calandra (other) * Calandrinia ''Calandrinia'' is a large genus of flowering plants known as purslanes and redmaids. It includes over 100 species of annual and perennial herbs which bear colorful flowers in shades of red to purple and white. Plants of this genus are native to ...

Calandria (nuclear Reactor)
The CANDU (Canada Deuterium Uranium) is a Canadian pressurized heavy-water reactor design used to generate electric power. The acronym refers to its deuterium oxide ( heavy water) moderator and its use of (originally, natural) uranium fuel. CANDU reactors were first developed in the late 1950s and 1960s by a partnership between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, Canadian General Electric, and other companies. There have been two major types of CANDU reactors, the original design of around 500  MWe that was intended to be used in multi-reactor installations in large plants, and the rationalized CANDU 6 in the 600 MWe class that is designed to be used in single stand-alone units or in small multi-unit plants. CANDU 6 units were built in Quebec and New Brunswick, as well as Pakistan, Argentina, South Korea, Romania, and China. A single example of a non-CANDU 6 design was sold to India. The multi-unit design was used on ...
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Brewing
Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or communally. Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations, including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, brewed beer. Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies. The basic ingredients of beer are water and a fermentable starch source such as malted barley. Most beer is fermented with a brewer's yeast and flavoured with hops. Less widely used starch sources include millet, sorghum and cassava. Secondary sources (adjuncts), such as maize (corn), rice, or sugar, may also be used, sometimes to reduce cost, or to add a feature, such as adding wheat to aid in retaining the foamy head of the beer. ...
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Calandra Lark
The calandra lark (''Melanocorypha calandra'') or European calandra-lark breeds in warm temperate countries around the Mediterranean and eastwards through Turkey into northern Iran and southern Russia. It is replaced further east by its relative, the bimaculated lark. Taxonomy and systematics The calandra lark was originally placed in the genus ''Alauda''. The current genus name, ''Melanocorypha'' is from Ancient Greek ''melas'', "black", and ''koruphos'' a term used by ancient writers for a now unknown bird, but here confused with ''korudos'', "lark". "Calandra"' derives ultimately from ''kalandros'' the Ancient Greek name for this bird. The bimaculated lark is also sometimes termed as the calandra lark. Subspecies Four subspecies are recognized: * Western calandra lark (''M. c. calandra'') - ( Linnaeus, 1766): Found in southern Europe and north-western Africa to Turkey (except south-central and south-eastern Turkey), Transcaucasia and north-western Iran * Eastern cal ...
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Thermosyphon Reboiler
Thermosiphon (or thermosyphon) is a method of passive heat exchange, based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without the necessity of a mechanical pump. Thermosiphoning is used for circulation of liquids and volatile gases in heating and cooling applications such as heat pumps, water heaters, boilers and furnaces. Thermosiphoning also occurs across air temperature gradients such as those utilized in a wood fire chimney or solar chimney. This circulation can either be open-loop, as when the substance in a holding tank is passed in one direction via a heated transfer tube mounted at the bottom of the tank to a distribution point—even one mounted above the originating tank—or it can be a vertical closed-loop circuit with return to the original container. Its purpose is to simplify the transfer of liquid or gas while avoiding the cost and complexity of a conventional pump. Simple thermosiphon Natural convection of the liquid starts when heat transfer to the liquid ...
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Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higher-pressure applications. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell (a large pressure vessel) with a bundle of tubes inside it. One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids. The set of tubes is called a tube bundle, and may be composed of several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc. Theory and application Two fluids, of different starting temperatures, flow through the heat exchanger. One flows through the tubes (the tube side) and the other flows outside the tubes but inside the shell (the shell side). Heat is transferred from one fluid to the other through the tube walls, either from tube side to shell side or vice versa. The fluids can be either liquids or ...
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Calandra (other)
Calandra may refer to: People * Alexander Calandra (1911–2006), American physicist and educator * Davide Calandra (1856–1915), Italian sculptor and cabinet maker * Giovanni Battista Calandra (1586–), Italian mosaic artist * Giuliana Calandra (1936–2018), Italian actor and television journalist * John D. Calandra (1928–1986), American lawyer and politician * Paul Calandra (born 1970), Canadian politician * Peter Calandra, American composer and pianist * Saúl Calandra (1904–1973), Argentine footballer * Thom Calandra (born 1956), American journalist and investor * Tommy Calandra (1941-1998), American guitarist, songwriter, record producer * Mauricio and Giuseppe Calandra, Italian musicians forming the duo Calandra & Calandra Other uses * 8967 Calandra, a main belt asteroid * ''Calandra'' (beetle), a genus of weevils * Calandra lark, a bird See also * Calandria (other) * ''Calandro'', comic opera * Caloundra Caloundra ( ) is a coastal town and the s ...
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