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Cakrabirawa
The Tjakrabirawa Regiment was the presidential bodyguard unit of the former President of Indonesia, Indonesian President Sukarno. It was disbanded in 1966 because of its involvement in the coup attempt of the 30 September Movement. History The Tjakrabirawa Regiment was formed on 6 June 1962 by President Sukarno at the suggestion of army officers after attempts to assassinate the head of state, most recently on 14 May that year. Its primary task was to provide security for the president and his family. Security for the president consisted of individual protection and area protection. Its personnel were recruited from all branches of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, Indonesian military, such as the Indonesian Army, Army Indonesian Army infantry battalions#Raider infantry battalions, Raiders and the Kopassus, Army Parachute Commandos, the Indonesian Navy, Navy Indonesian Marine Corps, Commando Operations Corps (KKO), the Indonesian Air Force, Air Force Kopasgat, Rapid Action F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paspampres
The Presidential Security Force of Indonesia ( abbreviated "Paspampres") is one of the Central Executive Agencies () of the Indonesian National Armed Forces responsible for proximate security and escort towards the head of state and VVIP in Indonesia, which includes the President, Vice President with their immediate families, former Presidents and Vice Presidents, and visiting foreign heads of state. Paspampres is based in Jakarta,Combat Handgun, October 2008. Pages 72-74. and its personnel are drawn from deputized best-chosen officers, soldiers, seamen, marines, and airmen from special forces and/or special units within the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) (and until 2000, from the Indonesian National Police). It is commanded by a two-star military general. History The formation date of the Presidential Security Force (Paspampres) is based on the operation to evacuate President Sukarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta, Prime Minister Sutan Syahrir as well as several min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logo Tjakrabirawa
A logo (abbreviation of logotype; ) is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or include the text of the name that it represents, as in a wordmark. In the days of hot metal typesetting, a logotype was one word cast as a single piece of type (e.g. "The" in ATF Garamond), as opposed to a ligature, which is two or more letters joined, but not forming a word. By extension, the term was also used for a uniquely set and arranged typeface or colophon. At the level of mass communication and in common usage, a company's logo is today often synonymous with its trademark or brand.Wheeler, Alina. ''Designing Brand Identity'' © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (page 4) Etymology Douglas Harper's ''Online Etymology Dictionary'' states that the first surviving written record of the term 'logo' dates back to 1937, and that the term was "probably a shortening of logogram". History Numerous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kopassus
The Kopassus (, Special Forces Command) is an Indonesian Army (TNI-AD) special forces group that conducts special operations missions for the Indonesian government, such as Direct action (military), direct action, unconventional warfare, sabotage, counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism, intelligence (information gathering), intelligence gathering and special reconnaissance (SR). Kopassus was founded by Alexander Evert Kawilarang and Mochammad Idjon Djanbi on 16 April 1952. It gained worldwide attention after several operations such as the Indonesian invasion of East Timor and the release of hostages from Garuda Indonesia Flight 206. The special forces spearheaded some of the government's military campaigns: putting down regional rebellions in the late 1950s, Operation Trikora (Western New Guinea campaign) in 1961–1962, the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation from 1962 to 1966, the Indonesian killings of 1965–1966, massacres of alleged communists in 1965, the Indonesian invasion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warta Kota
Kompas Gramedia is a major Indonesian media company. It engages in several businesses, predominantly mass media, as well as hospitality, manufacturing, and event organizing. The company's businesses consist of multiple divisions, such as media assets (including the ''Kompas'' daily newspaper; the Kompas TV television network; the Sonora radio network; the Gramedia bookstore chain, the Santika Indonesia hospitality chain, Dyandra event organization firm, and Graha Bumi Hijau, a tissue paper manufacturer known for its flagship brand, Tessa. History After the success of the magazine '' Intisari'' (released 17 August 1963), P. K. Ojong and Jakob Oetama launched a national newspaper called ''Kompas''. The newspaper's first issue was released on 28 June 1965. Their aim was to fill some of the huge gaps in daily news and information that existed at that time. ''Kompas'' has since become a large circulation newspaper with an audited circulation in 2005 of 600,000 copies a day. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satgas Pomad Para
The Satgas Pomad Para (Indonesian: "Satuan Tugas Polisi Militer Angkatan Darat Para", English: "Para-Military Police Task Force") was the presidential bodyguard unit established by former Indonesian President Soeharto. This task force of military policemen and paratroopers replaced the Tjakrabirawa Regiment after the failed 1965 coup. This task force was liquidated in 1976 and is one of the predecessors of the present day Paspampres. History In accordance with Decree PRIN.75/III/1966 dated March 23, 1966 from the office of the Minister/Commander of the Army, Provost Marshal of Military Police Brigadier General (TNI) Sudirgo was appointed to take responsibility for head of state protection. Soon after the transfer, the provost marshal issued Decree Kep-011/AIII/1966 dated March 25, 1966, which formally established the ''Satuan Tugas Polisi Militer Angkatan Darat'' (Satgas POMAD) under the Military Police Command, and appointed Lieutenant Colonel (CPM) Norman Sasono as its co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian Officer (armed forces), military officer and politician, and dictator, who was the second and longest serving president of Indonesia, serving from 1967 to 1998. His 32 years rule, characterised as authoritarian and kleptocratic, was marked by widespread corruption, political repression, and human rights abuses. Suharto's regime Fall of Suharto, ultimately collapsed in 1998 amid May 1998 riots of Indonesia, mass protests, violent unrest, and the fallout of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, leading to his resignation. Suharto was born in Kemusuk, near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese people, Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supersemar
The Order of Eleventh March (), commonly referred to by its syllabic abbreviation ''Supersemar'', was a document signed by the Indonesian President Sukarno on 11 March 1966, giving army commander Lt. Gen. Suharto authority to take whatever measures he "deemed necessary" to restore order to the chaotic situation during the Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66. The abbreviation "Supersemar" is also a play on the name of Semar, the mystic and powerful figure who commonly appears in Javanese mythology including wayang puppet shows. The invocation of Semar was presumably intended to help draw on Javanese mythology to lend support to Suharto's legitimacy during the period of the transition of authority from Sukarno to Suharto. In effect, the Supersemar came to be seen as the key instrument of the transfer of executive power from Sukarno to Suharto. The People's Consultative Assembly#Transition to the New Order, Provisional People's Consultative Assembly in its People's Consultative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merdeka Palace
The Merdeka Palace (; also known in Indonesian as and during the Dutch colonial times as ), is one of seven presidential palaces in Indonesia. It is located on the north side of the Merdeka Square, Jakarta, Merdeka Square in Central Jakarta, Indonesia, and was used as the official residence of the president of the Republic of Indonesia. The palace was a residence for the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies during the colonial era. In 1949, the palace was renamed Merdeka Palace, "(an)" meaning "freedom" or "independence". The Merdeka Palace is part of the Jakarta Presidential Palace Complex, which also includes the Istana Negara (Jakarta), Negara Palace, Wisma Negara (state guest house), Sekretariat Negara (State Secretariat), and the Bina Graha building. It is the center of the Indonesian Executive (government), executive authority. History The beginning The building that is now the Merdeka Palace was built on the premise of the Rijswijk Palace (present Istana Negara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wayang
( , ) is a traditional form of puppet theatre play originating from the Indonesian island of Java. The term refers both to the show as a whole and the puppet in particular. Performances of wayang puppet theatre are accompanied by a ''gamelan'' orchestra in Java, and by '' gender wayang'' in Bali. The dramatic stories depict mythologies, such as episodes from the Hindu epics the ''Ramayana'' and the ''Mahabharata'', as well as local adaptations of cultural legends. Traditionally, a is played out in a ritualized midnight-to-dawn show by a , an artist and spiritual leader; people watch the show from both sides of the screen. performances are still very popular among Indonesians, especially in the islands of Java and Bali. performances are usually held at certain rituals, certain ceremonies, certain events, and even tourist attractions. In ritual contexts, puppet shows are used for prayer rituals (held in temples in Bali), ritual (cleansing children from bad luck), and ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krishna
Krishna (; Sanskrit language, Sanskrit: कृष्ण, ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme God (Hinduism), Supreme God in his own right. He is the god of protection, compassion, tenderness, and love; and is widely revered among Hindu divinities. Krishna's birthday is celebrated every year by Hindus on Krishna Janmashtami according to the lunisolar calendar, lunisolar Hindu calendar, which falls in late August or early September of the Gregorian calendar. The anecdotes and narratives of Krishna's life are generally titled as ''Krishna Līlā''. He is a central figure in the ''Mahabharata'', the ''Bhagavata Purana'', the ''Brahma Vaivarta Purana,'' and the ''Bhagavad Gita'', and is mentioned in many Hindu philosophy, Hindu philosophical, Hindu theology, theological, and Hindu mythology, mythological texts. They portray him in various perspectives: as a god-child, a prankster, a model lover, a divine hero, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brigadier General M
Brigadier ( ) is a military rank, the seniority of which depends on the country. In some countries, it is a senior rank above colonel, equivalent to a brigadier general or commodore, typically commanding a brigade of several thousand soldiers. In other countries, it is a non-commissioned rank. Origins and history The word and rank of "Brigadier" originates from France. In the French Army, the Brigadier des Armées du Roi (Brigadier of the King's Armies) was a general officer rank, created in 1657. It was an intermediate between the rank of Mestre de camp and that of Maréchal de camp. The rank was first created in the cavalry at the instigation of Marshal Turenne on June 8, 1657, then in the infantry on March 17, 1668, and in the dragoons on April 15, 1672. In peacetime, the brigadier commanded his regiment and, in maneuvers or in wartime, he commanded two or three - or even four - regiments combined to form a brigade (including his own, but later the rank was also awarded t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobile Brigade Corps
The Mobile Brigade Corps () abbreviated Brimob is the SWAT, special operations, paramilitary, and Police tactical unit, tactical unit of the Indonesian National Police (Polri). It is one of the oldest existing units within Polri. Some of its main duties are counter-terrorism, riot control, high-risk law enforcement where the use of firearms are present, search and rescue, hostage rescue, and bomb disposal operations. The Mobile Brigade Corps is a large component of the Indonesian National Police trained for counter-separatist and counter-insurgency duties, often in conjunction with military operations. The Mobile Brigade Corps consists of 2 (two) branches, namely Gegana and Pelopor. Gegana is tasked with carrying out more specific special police operations tasks such as: Bomb Disposal, CBRN defense, CBR Handling (Chemistry, Biology, and Radioactivity), Anti-Terror (Counter Terrorism), and Intelligence. Meanwhile, the Pelopor are tasked with carrying out broader and paramilitary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
