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C8H8O4
The molecular formula C8H8O4 (molar mass : 168.15 g/mol, exact mass : 168.042259 u) may refer to: * Dehydroacetic acid * 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid * 2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone * Homogentisic acid * 4-Hydroxymandelic acid * 5-Methoxysalicylic acid * Norcantharidin * Orsellinic acid * Quinolacetic acid * Trihydroxyacetophenones ** Gallacetophenone (2,3,4-trihydroxyacetophenone) ** 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) is a chemical compound that is a derivative of phloroglucinol. In an animal model, THAP was reported to enhance cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity. THAP is also used as a matrix in matrix-assist ... * Vanillic acid {{Molecular formula disambiguation, C8H8O4 Molecular formulas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) is a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine can be metabolized into one of three substances. One such substance is DOPAC. Another is 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT). Both of these substances are degraded to form homovanillic acid (HVA). Both degradations involve the enzymes monoamine oxidase (MAO) and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), albeit in reverse order: MAO catalyzes dopamine to DOPAC, and COMT catalyzes DOPAC to HVA; whereas COMT catalyzes dopamine to 3-MT and MAO catalyzes 3-MT to HVA. The third metabolic end-product of dopamine is norepinephrine (noradrenaline). DOPAC can be oxidized by hydrogen peroxide, leading to the formation of toxic metabolites which destroy dopamine storage vesicles in the substantia nigra. This may contribute to the failure of levodopa treatment of Parkinson's disease. A MAO-B inhibitor such as selegiline or rasagiline can prevent this from happening. It can also be found in the bark of ''E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homogentisic Acid
Homogentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) is a phenolic acid usually found in '' Arbutus unedo'' (strawberry-tree) honey. It is also present in the bacterial plant pathogen ''Xanthomonas campestris'' pv. ''phaseoli'' as well as in the yeast '' Yarrowia lipolytica'' where it is associated with the production of brown pigments. It is oxidatively dimerised to form hipposudoric acid, one of the main constituents of the 'blood sweat' of hippopotamuses. It is less commonly known as melanic acid, the name chosen by William Prout. Human pathology Accumulation of excess homogentisic acid and its oxide, named alkapton, is a result of the failure of the enzyme homogentisic acid 1,2-dioxygenase (typically due to a mutation) in the degradative pathway of tyrosine, consequently associated with alkaptonuria. Intermediate It is an intermediate in the catabolism of aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate (produced by transamination of tyro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orsellinic Acid
Orsellinic acid, more specifically ''o''-orsellinic acid, is a phenolic acid. It is of importance in the biochemistry of lichens, from which it can be extracted. It is a common subunit of depsides. Chemistry It can be prepared by the oxidation of orsellaldehyde. This is also produced when everninic acid and ramalic acid is boiled with barium hydroxide Barium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Ba(OH)2. The monohydrate (''x'' = 1), known as baryta or baryta-water, is one of the principal compounds of barium. This white granular monohydrate is the usual commercial form. P .... It forms colorless crystals in the form of needles which on rapid heating melt with decomposition in the neighborhood of 175 °C. [Sep 22, 2021: this citation to J Chromatog 511 needs to be revised because that paper makes no reference to crystals of orsellinic acid nor its melting point. In fact, the text never specifically mentions orsellinic acid: it simply appears ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quinolacetic Acid
Quinolacetic acid is a chemical compound associated with the metabolic disorder hawkinsinuria. It is the byproduct of a partially defective enzyme, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), also known as α-ketoisocaproate dioxygenase (KIC dioxygenase), is an Fe(II)-containing non-heme oxygenase that catalyzes the second reaction in the catabolism of tyrosine - the conversion of 4-hydroxy .... References {{organic-compound-stub Acetic acids Beta hydroxy acids Ketones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallacetophenone
Gallacetophenone is the acetyl derivative of pyrogallol. It can be synthesized from pyrogallol using zinc chloride and acetic anhydride Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH3CO)2O. Commonly abbreviated Ac2O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a c .... References Aromatic ketones Pyrogallols {{Ketone-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone
2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) is a chemical compound that is a derivative of phloroglucinol. In an animal model, THAP was reported to enhance cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity. THAP is also used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides in negative ion mode. Derivatives THAP is a chemical precursor that can be used to form part of the backbone of 5,7-dihydroxyflavones like noreugenin, apigenin, luteolin, diosmetin, naringenin, and hesperetin. See also *Flopropione Flopropione (Compacsul, Cospanon, Ecapron, Pellegal, Argobyl, Floveton, Saritron, Spamorin, Labrodax, Tryalon, Mirulevatin, Padeskin, Profenon) is a muscle relaxant#Spasmolytics, spasmolytic or antispasmodic agent. It acts as a COMT inhibitory po ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Trihydroxyacetophenone, 2,4,6- Phloroglucinols Aromatic ketones 3-Hydroxypropenals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanillic Acid
Vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative used as a flavoring agent. It is an oxidized form of vanillin. It is also an intermediate in the production of vanillin from ferulic acid. Occurrence in nature The highest amount of vanillic acid in plants known so far is found in the root of '' Angelica sinensis'', an herb indigenous to China, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Occurrences in food Açaí oil, obtained from the fruit of the açaí palm (''Euterpe oleracea''), is rich in vanillic acid (). It is one of the main natural phenols in argan oil. It is also found in wine and vinegar. Metabolism Vanillic acid is one of the main catechins metabolites found in humans after consumption of green tea Green tea is a type of tea that is made from '' Camellia sinensis'' leaves and buds that have not undergone the same withering and oxidation process which is used to make oolong teas and black teas. Green tea o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dehydroacetic Acid
Dehydroacetic acid is an organic compound which has several industrial applications. The compound is classified as a pyrone derivative. It presents as an odorless, colorless to white crystalline powder, almost insoluble in water and moderately soluble in most organic solvents. Preparation It is prepared by the base-catalysed dimerization of diketene. Commonly used organic bases include imidazole, DABCO, and pyridine. Uses Industrially, dehydroacetic acid has several uses which include the following: * as a fungicide and bactericide. The sodium salt, sodium dehydroacetate, is often used in place of dehydroacetic acid because of its greater solubility in water. * as a food preservative to prevent pickle bloating in squash and strawberries. When used as a food additive, dehydroacetic acid is referred to using the International Numbering System for Food Additives or E number E numbers ("E" stands for "Europe") are codes for substances used as food additives, includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone
2,6-Dimethoxybenzoquinone (2,6-DMBQ) is a chemical compound, classified as a benzoquinone, that has been found in ''Rauvolfia vomitoria'' and in ''Tibouchina pulchra''. Toxicity At physiological concentrations 2,6-dimethoxybenzoquinone is an antibacterial substance. At higher concentrations there is evidence that it is mutagenic,Brambilla G; Robbiano L; Cajelli E; Martelli A; Turmolini F; Mazzei M Cytotoxic, DNA-damaging and mutagenic properties of 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, formed by dimethophrine-nitrite interaction. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (1988), 244(3), 1011-5 cytotoxic, genotoxic, and hepatotoxic Hepatotoxicity (from ''hepatic toxicity'') implies chemical-driven liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn f .... Some reports have challenged its mutagenicity and others exclude such a possibility.Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Formula
In chemistry, a chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and ''plus'' (+) and ''minus'' (−) signs. These are limited to a single typographic line of symbols, which may include subscripts and superscripts. A chemical formula is not a chemical name, and it contains no words. Although a chemical formula may imply certain simple chemical structures, it is not the same as a full chemical structural formula. Chemical formulae can fully specify the structure of only the simplest of molecules and chemical substances, and are generally more limited in power than chemical names and structural formulae. The simplest types of chemical formulae are called '' empirical formulae'', which use letters and numbers indicating the numerical ''proportions'' of atom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-Hydroxymandelic Acid
4-Hydroxymandelic acid is a chemical compound used to synthesize atenolol. The compound typically occurs as a monohydrate. Synthesis and occurrence It is produced from 4-hydroxypyruvic acid by the action of the enzyme (''S'')-''p''-hydroxymandelate synthase: :HOC6H4CH2C(O)CO2H + O2 → HOC6H4CH(OH)CO2H + CO2 4-Hydroxymandelic acid can be synthesized by the condensation reaction of phenol and glyoxylic acid: :HOC6H5 + CHOCO2H → HOC6H4CH(OH)CO2H See also *Vanillyl mandelic acid *4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a chemical compound found in olive oil and beer. Synthesis 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is obtained by reducing 4-hydroxymandelic acid with elemental phosphorus and iodine. Uses In industry, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic a ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Hydroxymandelic acid, 4- Phenols Acetic acids Alpha hydroxy acids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
