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Buyog
Indigenous people’s resistance against the Marcos dictatorship varied from case to case among the various indigenous peoples of the Philippines. The most documented cases are the various resistance movements towards the Marcos administration’s appropriation of indigenous lands, particularly in the case of the Chico River Dam Project and the Manila Water Supply III project on the Kaliwa River watershed, and the birth of the various separatist groups and their coalescing into the Moro conflict in the wake of news about the Jabidah Massacre. Groups of indigenous peoples were subjected to massacres and other human rights violations throughout the Martial Law era, as was the case of the Subanen family in the Tudela massacre. However, this did not necessarily result in organized opposition from the Indigenous People group as a whole. Indigenous people’s resistance against Marcos dam projects The most prominently documented instances of Indigenous people’s resistance again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Peoples Of The Philippines
The indigenous peoples of the Philippines are Ethnic groups of the Philippines, ethnolinguistic groups or subgroups that maintain partial isolation or independence throughout the colonial era, and have retained much of their traditional pre-colonial culture and practices. The Philippines has 110 enthnolinguistic groups comprising the Philippines' indigenous peoples; as of 2010, these groups numbered at around 14–17 million persons. Austronesian people, Austronesians make up the overwhelming majority, while full or partial Negritos scattered throughout the archipelago. The highland Austronesians and Negrito have co-existed with their lowland Austronesian kin and neighbor groups for thousands of years in the Philippine archipelago. Culturally-indigenous peoples of northern Philippine highlands can be grouped into the Igorot people, ''Igorot'' (comprising many different groups) and singular ''Bugkalot'' groups, while the non-Muslim culturally-indigenous groups of mainland Minda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalinga (province)
Kalinga (), officially the Province of Kalinga (; ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines situated within the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital (and largest city) is Tabuk and borders Mountain Province to the south, Abra to the west, Isabela to the east, Cagayan to the northeast, and Apayao to the north. Kalinga and Apayao are the result of the 1995 partitioning of the former province of Kalinga-Apayao which was seen to better service the respective needs of the various indigenous peoples in the area. President Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed Lubuagan town the seat of government for 73 days from March 6, 1900, to May 18, 1900, before finally fleeing to his last hideout in Palanan. Etymology The province's name is derived from the Ibanag and Gaddang noun "kalinga", which means "enemy", "fighter", or " headtaker". History American occupation Kalinga was taken from Cagayan and Isabela provinces and established by the US Government throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Central (Luzon)
The Cordillera Central or Cordillera Range is a massive mountain range long north–south and east-west situated in the north-central part of the island of Luzon, in the Philippines. The mountain range encompasses all provinces of the Cordillera Administrative Region (Abra (province), Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga (province), Kalinga and Mountain Province), as well as portions of eastern Ilocos Norte, eastern Ilocos Sur, eastern La Union, northeastern Pangasinan, western Nueva Vizcaya, and western Cagayan. To the north, the mountain range terminates at the northern shores of Luzon along the Babuyan Channel in Ilocos Norte and Cagayan provinces. At its southeastern part, the Central Cordillera is linked to the Sierra Madre (Philippines), Sierra Madre Mountains, the longest mountain range in the country, through the Caraballo Mountains in Nueva Vizcaya province. During History of the Philippines (1521–1898), Spanish colonial period, the whole range was called ''Nueva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) () is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare. , it had an estimated strength of 143,100 soldiers The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Philippine Commonwealth Army. The Philippine Army has been engaged in numerous combat operations, including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope. The Commanding General of the Philippine Army is its professional and overall head. Its main Headquarters#Military, headquarters (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) is located at Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City. Background Spanish Era Majority of the soldier that served the Captaincy General of the Philippines are Philippine natives, as opposed to their Native-American, Mestizo from the Americas or white counterparts who at first, are mostly Criollo people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand Marcos
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino lawyer, politician, dictator, and Kleptocracy, kleptocrat who served as the tenth president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He ruled the country under Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, martial law from 1972 to 1981, granting himself expanded powers under the Constitution of the Philippines#The 1973 Constitution, 1973 Constitution. Marcos described his philosophy as "constitutional authoritarianism". He was deposed in 1986 by the People Power Revolution and was succeeded as president by Corazon Aquino. Marcos gained political success by exaggerating his actions in World War II, claiming to have been the "most decorated war hero in the Philippines". — United States Army documents described his claims as "fraudulent" and "absurd". After the war, he became a lawyer. He served in the Philippine House of Representatives from 1949 to 1959 and the Philippine Senate from 1959 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bontocs
The Bontoc (or Bontok) ethnolinguistic group can be found in the central and eastern portions of Mountain Province, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Although some Bontocs of Natonin and Paracelis identify themselves as Balangaos, Gaddangs or Kalingas, the term "Bontoc" is used by linguists and anthropologists to distinguish speakers of the Bontoc language from neighboring ethnolinguistic groups. They formerly practiced head-hunting and had distinctive body tattoos. Geography The Bontoc live in a mountainous territory, particularly close to the Chico River and its tributaries. Mineral resources (gold, copper, limestone, gypsum) can be found in the mountain areas. Gold, in particular, has been traditionally extracted from the Bontoc municipality. The Chico River provides sand, gravel, and white clay, while the forests of Barlig and Sadanga within the area have rattan, bamboo and pine trees. They are the second largest group in the Mountain Province. Social organizati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bantayog Ng Mga Bayani
The Bantayog ng mga Bayani (), sometimes simply referred to as the Bantayog, is a monument, museum, and historical research center in Quezon City, Philippines, which honors the martyrs and heroes of the struggle against the Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, dictatorship of the 10th Filipino president Ferdinand Marcos. History Immediately following the People Power Revolution in 1986 that ousted President Ferdinand Marcos, Ruben Mallari, a Filipino-American medical doctor visiting the Philippines, proposed the creation of a memorial as a dedication to people who opposed the authoritarian rule of Marcos but didn't live past the People Power Revolution. The Bantayog ng mga Bayani Memorial Foundation was organized as a response to Mallari's suggestion, with Ledivina V. Cariño, former Dean of the University of the Philippines’ UP National College of Public Administration and Governance, College of Public Administration aiding with the creation of a concept paper for the memori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalinga-Apayao
Kalinga-Apayao () was a province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in the island of Luzon. It was formed, along with Benguet, Ifugao, and the new Mountain Province, from the earlier Mountain Province, with the passage of ''Republic Act No. 4695'' in 1966. The said law was amended by ''RA No. 7878'' in 1995, which partitioned the province into modern Kalinga and Apayao. As part of a cult of personality, longtime President Ferdinand Marcos, Sr made gradual changes to the borders of Kalinga-Apayao over the course of his dictatorship, with the aim of making the outline of the province on a map resemble the silhouette of his own head facing towards his own native Ilocos Norte. The “Great Profile” was unfinished when Marcos was overthrown in 1986. History Before Mountain Province Prior to the establishment of the province, the sub-provinces of Kalinga and Apayao, upon their establishment through ''Act No. 1642'' in 1907, were used to be part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountain Province
Mountain Province (; ; ; ; ; ) is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc while Bauko is the largest municipality. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name is usually shortened by locals to Mt. Province. The province was named so for being in the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island. Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in 1908, and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao. The province is also known for its mummy caves, which contain naturally mummified bodies, and for its hanging coffins. History Spanish colonial era The area of the Cordillera mountains proved difficult to control by the Spaniards. During the long Spanish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barlig
Barlig, officially the Municipality of Barlig ( Filipino: ''Bayan ng Barlig'', Ilocano: ''Ili ti Barlig'') is a municipality in the province of Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 4,796 people, making it the least populated town in the province. Geography The Municipality of Barlig is bounded in the east by Natonin in the west by Bontoc and Sadanga. In the north, it is bounded by Tinglayan and in the south by the town of Mayoyao. The town is separated into three settlements or cluster of villages such as Barlig town proper, Lias and Kadaclan. Barlig is situated from the provincial capital Bontoc, and from the country's capital city of Manila. Barangays Barlig is politically subdivided into 11 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios. *Chupac *Fiangtin *Gawana *Kaleo *Latang *Lias Kanluran *Lias Silangan *Lingoy *Lunas *Macalana *Ogoog Climate Barlig has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauko
Bauko, officially the Municipality of Bauko (; ; ; ; ; ) is a municipality in the province of Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 32,021 people. History Chico River Dam Project Bauko was one of several municipalities in Mountain Province which would have been flooded by the Chico River Dam Project during the Marcos dictatorship, alongside Bontoc, Sabangan, Sadanga, Sagada, and parts of Barlig. However, the indigenous peoples of Kalinga Province and Mountain Province resisted the project and when hostilities resulted in the murder of Macli-ing Dulag, the project became unpopular and was abandoned before Marcos was ousted by the 1986 People Power Revolution. Geography The Municipality of Bauko is the largest town in Mountain Province. Bauko is situated from the provincial capital Bontoc, and from the country's capital city of Manila. Barangays Bauko is politically subdivided into 22 barangays, divided into the upper and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bontoc, Mountain Province
Bontoc, officially the Municipality of Bontoc (; ; ; ; ), is a municipality and capital of the province of Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,104 people. Bontoc is the historical capital of the entire Cordillera region since the inception of governance in the Cordillera. The municipality celebrates the annual Lang-ay Festival. Bontoc is home to the Indigenous Bontoc people. The town also hosts the UNESCO tentatively-listed Alab petroglyphs. Etymology The name Bontoc is derived from the morphemes ''bun'' (heap) and ''tuk'' (top), collectively meaning "mountains." The term is used to refer to the people of the Mountain Province, the capital municipality, including its cultural practices, and its native language. History Samuel E. Kane, the American supervisor and then Governor, established the capital here after the Philippine Commission passed the Mountain Province Act in 1908, building a provincial building, hospital ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
