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Bulgarian Socialist Party
The Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), also known as The Centenarian, is a centre-left, social democratic political party in Bulgaria. The BSP is a member of the Socialist International, Party of European Socialists, and Progressive Alliance. Although founded in 1990 in its modern form, it traces its political heritage back to the founding of the BRSDP in 1891. It is also Bulgaria's largest party by membership numbers. History The Centenarian moniker comes from the fact that the BSP is recognized as the successor of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Party, which was founded on 2 August 1891 on Buzludzha peak by Dimitar Blagoev, designated in 1903 as the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Narrow Socialists), and later as the Bulgarian Communist Party. After the political changes brought by the Revolutions of 1989, it abandoned Marxism–Leninism and refounded itself as the BSP in April 1990. The party formed a government after the 1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atanas Zafirov
Atanas Zafirov Zafirov () is a Bulgarian politician who has served as Deputy Prime Minister of Bulgaria since 2025. A member of the Bulgarian Socialist Party, which he currently leads, he previously served as Member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria, National Assembly from 2013 to 2017 and from 2021 to 2025. Early life and education He was born on 29 September 1971 in Burgas. Zafirov attended Veliko Tarnovo University, graduating with a degree in "Bulgarian History and Language" in 1994. He received a second degree in "Finance" from the university in 2007. In 2019, Zafirov received a degree from the Georgi Rakovski Military Academy in national security. Political career According to Zafirov's personal recollections, he had been interested in politics around the age of 14, when he joined the youth movement of the Bulgarian Communist Party, Dimitrov Communist Youth Union, DMKS, in 1985. In 1990, Zafirov officially became a member of the BSP and participated as an activi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (Bulgaria)
The National Assembly () is the Unicameralism, unicameral parliament and Legislature, legislative body of the Republic of Bulgaria. The first National Assembly was established in 1879 with the Tarnovo Constitution. During the People's Republic of Bulgaria, communist period between 1946 and 1989, the National Assembly was the Legislature in communist states, supreme organ of state power and the only branch of government in Bulgaria and, in accordance with the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. Most of the National Assembly's actions were characterized as a Rubber stamp (politics), rubber stamp for the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) or as only being able to affect issues of low sensitivity and salience to the Bulgarian communist regime. The BCP controlled nomination and election processes at every level in its political system, allowing it to stamp out any opposition. Ordinary National Assembly The National Assembly consists of 240 members elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly Election
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Bulgaria on 10 June 1990, with a second round for eighteen seats on 17 June.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p. 369 They were the first elections held since the Revolutions of 1989, fall of Communism the previous winter, and the first free national elections since 1931 Bulgarian parliamentary election, 1931. The elections were held to elect the 7th National Assembly (Bulgaria)#Grand National Assembly, Grand National Assembly, tasked with adopting a new (democratic) constitution. The new electoral system was changed from 400 single-member constituencies used during People's Republic of Bulgaria, the Communist era to a split system whereby half were elected in single member constituencies and half by proportional representation.Nohlen & Stöver, p. 356 The result was a victory for the Bulgarian Socialist Party, the freshly renamed Bulgarian Communist Party, Communist Party, which won 211 of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism–Leninism
Marxism–Leninism () is a communist ideology that became the largest faction of the History of communism, communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution. It was the predominant ideology of most communist governments throughout the 20th century. It was developed by Joseph Stalin and drew on elements of Bolshevism, Leninism, and Marxism. It was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, Soviet satellite states in the Eastern Bloc, and various countries in the Non-Aligned Movement and Third World during the Cold War, as well as the Communist International after Bolshevization. Today, Marxism–Leninism is the De jure, de-jure ideology of the ruling parties of Chinese Communist Party, China, Communist Party of Cuba, Cuba, Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Laos, and Communist Party of Vietnam, Vietnam, as well as many other communist parties. The Juche, state ideology of North Korea is derived from Marxism–Leninism, although its evolution is disput ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutions Of 1989
The revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, were a revolutionary wave of liberal democracy movements that resulted in the collapse of most Communist state, Marxist–Leninist governments in the Eastern Bloc and other parts of the world. This revolutionary wave is sometimes referred to as the Autumn of Nations, a play on the term Spring of Nations that is sometimes used to describe the revolutions of 1848 in Europe. The revolutions of 1989 were a key factor in the dissolution of the Soviet Union—one of the two global superpowers—and in the abandonment of communist regimes in many parts of the world, some of which were violently overthrown. These events drastically altered the world's Balance of power (international relations), balance of power, marking the end of the Cold War and the beginning of the post-Cold War era. The earliest recorded protests which led to the revolutions began in Polish People's Republic, Poland on 14 August 1980, the massive gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Narrow Socialists)
Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Narrow Socialists) () was a Marxist, socialist political party in Bulgaria. The party's origins lays in 1903, after a split at the 10th Congress of the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party. The other faction formed the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers Party (Broad Socialists). History The party's leader was Dimitar Blagoev, the driving force behind the formation of the BSDWP in 1894. It comprised most of the hardline Marxists in the Workers' Social Democratic Party, which followed the doctrine of class struggle. This entailed concentrating on building the party amongst the industrial working class rather than creating a broader political framework which would also appeal to the peasantry. One feature of this was their proposal to confiscate all private property, which inhibited their electoral success. In 1909 the Social Democratic Union 'Proletarian', which had been expelled from the Narrow Socialists, merged into the Broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitar Blagoev
Dimitar Blagoev Nikolov (, ; 14 June 1856 – 7 May 1924) was a Bulgarian political leader and philosopher. He was the founder of the Bulgarian left-wing political movement and of the first social-democratic party in the Balkans, the Marxist ''Bulgarian Social Democratic Party''. Blagoev was also an important figure in the early history of Russian Marxism, and later founded and led the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was a prominent proponent of ideas for the establishment of a Balkan Federation. He is usually regarded and self-identified as a Bulgarian, and occasionally as a Macedonian Slav. Biography Early years and education Blagoev was born in the village of Zagorichani in the region of Macedonia (today Vasiliada in Agioi Anargyroi, Kastoria, Greece), at that time part of the Ottoman Empire. In his youth he was influenced by the atmosphere of the Bulgarian National Revival. In his memoirs written in 1922, Blagoev mentions that he was born in a pure Bulgarian village, receiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buzludzha
Buzludzha ( ) is a historical peak in the Central Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria. The mountain is located to the east of the Shipka Pass near the town of Kazanlak and is a site of historical importance. The peak is high. It was renamed to Hadzhi Dimitar (Хаджи Димитър) in 1942 but remains popularly known as Buzludzha. The summit is limestone and granite. Its slopes are covered with grassy vegetation; its foothills and the neighbouring peaks sustain beech forests. The peak's name derives from 'kind of icy'. History In 1868 it was the place of the final battle between Bulgarian rebels led by Hadzhi Dimitar and Stefan Karadzha and forces of the Ottoman Empire. On 31 July, Hadzhi Dimitar and a band of 30 ''chetniks'' fought a losing battle against 700 Ottoman troops; only four Bulgarians survived. Their action served as an inspiration for the Liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottomans ten years later; the decisive battle of that conflict was fought a few miles away at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Social Democratic Party (1891)
The Bulgarian Social Democratic Party (; ) was a Marxist political party from 1891 to 1894 in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian Social Democratic Party was the first name of the party created by Dimitar Blagoev on the 1891 Buzludzha Congress.Фосколо, Мона. Георги Димитров. Една критическа биография. София, Просвета, 2013. . pp. 22–23. The party split in the next year with Yanko Sakazov founding the Bulgarian Socialdemocratic Union. It kept this name until its reunification with the Bulgarian Socialdemocratic Union in 1894, when both took the common name ''Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party, Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party''. The General Soviet of the Party was the central leading organ of the BSDP. After the reunification with the Bulgarian Social Democratic Union in 1894, its responsibilities were taken up by the Central Committee of the BWSDP. References Defunct political parties in Bulgaria Political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party
The Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party (; BRSDP) was a Bulgarian leftist group founded in 1894. History In July 1891, on the initiative of Dimitar Blagoev, the social democratic circles of Tarnovo, Gabrovo, Sliven, Stara Zagora, Kazanlak and other cities united to form the Bulgarian Socialdemocratic Party. The marxist nucleus of the BSDP (later, the so-called ''Partists''), which Blagoev headed, was opposed by a group who were essentially opposed to making the social democratic movement into a party. In 1892 this group, led by Yanko Sakazov, founded a reformist Reformism is a political tendency advocating the reform of an existing system or institution – often a political or religious establishment – as opposed to its abolition and replacement via revolution. Within the socialist movement, ref ... organization, the Bulgarian Social Democratic Union (hence their name, ''Unionists''). In 1894, Blagoev's supporters agreed to unite with the Unionists in the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Party In Bulgaria
This article lists political parties in Bulgaria. Bulgaria has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no single party usually manages to gain power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. Parliamentary parties Parties/coalitions outside the parliament but participating in the election * Attack (''Атака'') * Blue Bulgaria (''Синя България'') ** Conservative Union of the Right (''Консервативен съюз на десницата'') ** Bulgarian Democratic Forum (''Български демократически форум'') ** Democratic Action Movement (''Движение демократично действие'') **Conservative Bulgaria (''Консервативна България'') ** Radical Democratic Party (''Радикалдемократическа партия'') ** Bulgarian New Democracy (''Българска Нова Демокрация'') ** United Agrarians (''Обединени з� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic
Social democracy is a Social philosophy, social, Economic ideology, economic, and political philosophy within socialism that supports Democracy, political and economic democracy and a gradualist, reformist, and democratic approach toward achieving social equality. In modern practice, social democracy has taken the form of predominantly capitalist economies, a robust welfare state, policies promoting social justice, market regulation, and a more Redistribution of income and wealth, equitable distribution of income. Social democracy maintains a commitment to Representative democracy, representative and participatory democracy. Common aims include curbing Social inequality, inequality, eliminating the oppression of Social privilege, underprivileged groups, eradicating poverty, and upholding universally accessible public services such as child care, Universal education, education, elderly care, Universal health care, health care, and workers' compensation. Economically, it support ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
