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Binjor
Binjor - 4MSR (Thed of the local villagers) is an archaeological site in Rajasthan state of India, near the international border between Pakistan and India. It is situated a couple of kilometers from Binjor village, Anupgarh tehsil, Sri Ganganagar district.Subramanian, TS. Harappan Surprise'. ''Frontline'' (Madras) 17 April 2015 Site location The 4MSR site is 5 km west of Fort of Anupgarh & Binjor village is further 1.5 km west. 4MSR archaeological site is immediate south of Anupgarh-Binjir Road. Excavation 4MSR, in the Ghaggar river (Ghaggar-Hakra River) valley and excavated by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), is widely considered as an Early Harappan and Mature Harappan site (Indus Valley civilization). There are no indications that a Late Harappan phase existed. In the Ghaggar river valley, explorations and excavations had been done in several sites. These sites included Kalibangan, 46 GB and Binjor 1, 2, 3 and 4, Rakhigarhi and Baror. "The purpose of the present excav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baror
Baror is an archeological site in Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan, India. It belongs with ancient Indus Valley civilization. Pre Harappan and Harappan pottery has been found after excavation. Location It is located in the south part of Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan, about 13 km northeast of Anupgarh, near the Pakistan border. It is situated about 100 km southwest of Kalibangan, in the dry bed of Ghaggar river. The mound of Baror measures about 200 × 150 m and rises to a height of 11 m from its surrounding plain. Discovery The identity of Baror a pre-historic site was discovered by Luigi Pio Tessitori, an Italian Indologist (1887–1919) in 1916–17. After independence of India, Amlānand Ghosh (Ex. Director General, Archaeological Survey of India) did a detailed survey of this site. In 2003–04, the Indian archaeological survey started excavation under Sarasvati Heritage Project. A 400×300 square area was selected for excavation. In 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakhigarhi
Rakhigarhi or Rakhi Garhi is a village and an archaeological site in the Hisar District of the northern Indian state of Haryana, situated about 150 km northwest of Delhi. It is located in the Ghaggar River plain, some 27 km from the seasonal Ghaggar river, and belonged to the Indus Valley civilisation, being part of the pre-Harappan (6000?/4600-3300 BCE), early Harappan (3300-2600 BCE), and the mature phase (2600-1900 BCE) of the Indus Valley Civilisation. It was one of the five largest settlements of the ancient civilisation, with most scholars prior to 2014 reporting it to have been between 80 hectares and 100+ hectares in area, comprising five closely-integrated archaeological mounds as the extent of mature-phase urban habitations. A sixth mound situated in the vicinity, but outside of this group, represented a distinct older period and was likely a separate settlement, while a seventh mound was a cemetery or burial ground belonging to the mature phase. The disco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indus Valley Civilisation Sites
The Indus ( ) is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans- Himalayan river of South and Central Asia. The river rises in mountain springs northeast of Mount Kailash in the Western Tibet region of China, flows northwest through the disputed Kashmir region, first through the Indian-administered Ladakh, and then the Pakistani administered Gilgit Baltistan, Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent. It is bounded by the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang to the northeast and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east (both parts of China), by the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south, by Pakistan to the west, and by Afghanistan to the northwest. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, ... The southern and southeastern portions constitute the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Indian- and Pakistani-administered portions are divided by a "line of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Inventions And Discoveries Of The Indus Valley Civilisation
This list of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation lists the technological and civilisational achievements of the Indus Valley Civilisation, an ancient civilisation which flourished in the Bronze Age around the general region of the Indus River and Ghaggar-Hakra River in what is today Pakistan and northwestern India. Inventions * Button, ornamental: Buttons—made from seashell—were used in the Indus Valley Civilisation for ornamental purposes by 2000 BCE.Hesse, Rayner W. & Hesse (Jr.), Rayner W. (2007). ''Jewelry making Through History: An Encyclopedia''. Greenwood Publishing Group. 35. . Some buttons were carved into geometric shapes and had holes pierced into them so that they could be attached to clothing by using a thread. Ian McNeil (1990) holds that: "The button, in fact, was originally used more as an ornament than as a fastening, the earliest known being found at Mohenjo-daro in the Indus Valley. It is made of a curved shell and about 5000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Indus Valley Civilisation Sites
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilisation, was a major early civilisation, existing from 3300–1300 BCE. It covered much of modern-day Pakistan and northwest India, as well as possessing at least one trading colony in northeast Afghanistan. Over 1000 Indus Valley civilisation sites have been discovered. Only 40 sites on the Indus valley were known in the pre- Partition era by archaeologists. The most widely known Indus Valley sites are Mohenjo-daro and Harappa; Mohenjo-daro is located in modern-day Sindh, while Harappa is in West Punjab. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals that were discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. Upinder Singh, 2008''A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India From the Stone Age to the 12th Century'' p. 169 More than 50 IVC burial sites have been found, including at Rakhigarhi (first site with genetic testing), Mohenjo-Dar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laddu
''Laddu'' or ''laddoo'' is a spherical sweet from the Indian subcontinent made of various ingredients and sugar syrup or jaggery. It has been described as "perhaps the most universal and ancient of Indian sweets." ''Laddus'' are often served during celebrations and religious festivals, especially those associated with the Hindu deity Ganesha. History Archaeological excavations have found "food balls" made of legumes and cereals such as barley, wheat, chickpea and mung bean were consumed in the Indus Valley Civilization circa 2600 BCE. In the 3rd-4th century Sanskrit medical text ''Sushruta Samhita'', ''ladduka'' are described as small balls of jaggery, peanuts, and sesame seeds coated with honey. These balls were used as an antiseptic and to deliver medication. However, the first documented mention of ''laddu'' as a sweet is in the 11th-century Western Indian cookbook ''Lokopakara''. It gives a recipe for making ''laddus'' with '' shavige'' (rice vermicelli), ''ghee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Painted Grey Ware Culture
The Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) is an Iron Age in India, Iron Age Indo-Aryan people, Indo-Aryan Archaeological culture, culture of the western Gangetic plain and the Ghaggar-Hakra River, Ghaggar-Hakra valley in the Indian subcontinent, conventionally dated 1200 to 600–500 BCE, or from 1300 to 500–300 BCE. It is a successor of the Cemetery H culture and Black and red ware culture (BRW) within this region, and contemporary with the continuation of the BRW culture in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain, Gangetic plain and Central India. Characterized by a style of fine, grey pottery painted with geometric patterns in black, the PGW culture is associated with village and town settlements, domesticated horses, ivory-working, and the advent of iron metallurgy. , 1,576 PGW sites have been discovered. Although most PGW sites were small farming villages, "several dozen" PGW sites emerged as relatively large settlements that can be characterized as towns; the largest of these were fort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalibangan
Kalibangān is a town located at on the left or southern banks of the Ghaggar (Ghaggar-Hakra River) in Tehsil Pilibangān, between Suratgarh and Hanumangarh in Hanumangarh District, Rajasthan, India 205 km from Bikaner. It is also identified as being established in the triangle of land at the confluence of Drishadvati and Sarasvati Rivers. The prehistoric and pre-Mauryan character of Indus Valley civilization was first identified by Luigi Tessitori at this site. Kalibangan's excavation report was published in its entirety in 2003 by the Archaeological Survey of India, 34 years after the completion of excavations. The report concluded that Kalibangan was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan is distinguished by its unique fire altars and "world's earliest attested ploughed field". It is around 2900 BC that the region of Kalibangan developed into what can be considered a planned city. Kalibangan was first excavated under the Direc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Ganganagar District
Sri Ganganagar district is the northernmost district of Rajasthan state of India. History Named after Maharaja Ganga Singh of Bikaner State, Bikaner, Sri Ganganagar district was part of Bikaner state. This was a mostly uninhabited region. The history of this district is testimony to the vision and efforts of Maharaja Ganga Singh, who visualised and built the Ganga Canal (Rajasthan), Ganga Canal after the Indian famine of 1899–1900. The waters of the Sutlej River were brought into the region through the 89-mile long Gang Canal in 1927, turning this region into a "Food Basket" of Rajasthan. Geography Location and area Sri Ganganagar district is located between Latitude 28.4 to 30.6 and Longitude 72.2 to 75.3 The total area of Sri Ganganagar is 11,154.66 km2 or 1,115,466 hectares. It is surrounded on the east by Hanumangarh district, (Hanumangarh district was carved out of it on 12 July 1994) on the south west by Anupgarh, (Anupgarh district was carved out of it on 7 Au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghaggar-Hakra River
The Ghaggar-Hakra River () is an intermittent river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon season. The river is known as Ghaggar before the Ottu barrage at , and as Hakra downstream of the barrage in the Thar Desert. In pre-Harappan times the Ghaggar was a tributary of the Sutlej. It is still connected to this paleochannel of the Sutlej, and possibly the Yamuna, which ended in the Nara River (Sindh), Nara River, presently a Distributary, delta channel of the Indus River joining the sea via Sir Creek. The Sutlej changed its course about 8,000–10,000 years ago, leaving the Ghaggar-Hakra as a system of monsoon-fed rivers terminating in the Thar Desert. The Indus Valley Civilisation prospered when the monsoons that fed the rivers diminished around 5,000 years ago, and a large number of sites from the Mature Indus Valley Civilisation (2600–1900 BCE) are found along the middle course of the (dried-up) Hakra in Pakistan. Around 4,000 years ago, the Indus Valley Ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anupgarh
Anupgarh is a town in the Sri Ganganagar district of the state of Rajasthan in India. It is about 123 km from the city of Sri Ganganagar, the district headquarters. Geography Anupgarh has an average elevation of 155 metres (508 feet), and is very close to the border with Pakistan. The fort at Anupgarh was built about 1689 by the Mughal governor to help suppress the local Bhati Rajputs who were rebelling. Demographics In the 2011 census, the town of Anupgarh had a population of 30,877, with male population of 16,343 and female population of 14,534. In the 2001 India census, the town of Anupgarh had a population of 29,548. Males constituted 54% of the population and females 46%. Anupgarh had an average literacy rate of 61.2%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 67.3% of the males and 54.0% of females literate. In 2001 in Anupgarh, 15.6% of the population was under six years of age. Hindus are in majority in the town, followed by a significant Sikh mino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
