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Bibi Sahib Kaur
Bibi Sahib Kaur (1771–1801) was a Sikh princess of Patiala and the elder sister of Sahib Singh, the Raja-e-Rajgan of Patiala. Sahib Kaur served as Patiala's Prime Minister and the General of the Patiala Army. She is remembered for her leadership in protecting the Patiala kingdom from Marathas in the late-18th century, alongside Rani Rajinder Kaur. Biography Sahib Kaur was born in 1771. Kaur was the daughter of Amar Singh, the Raja-e-Rajgan of Patiala, her mother was the first wife of Amar Singh named Raj Kaur (daughter of ''Chaudhry'' Ram Ditta Mal of Gagewal), and she was the sister of Sahib Singh, who succeeded their father as the ruler of Patiala. She was also the great-granddaughter of Mai Fatto. At the age of 7, she was married to Jaimal Singh of Fateh Garh Churian (Gurdaspur district), son of Haqiqat Singh of the Kanhaiya Misl. At a young-age, Sahib Kaur learnt horse-riding, archery, and fencing and was educated in Sikhism. When her brother, Sahib Singh, was baptiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mata Sahib Kaur
Mata Sahib Devan (1 November 1681 – 1747, ), also known as Mata Sahib Kaur and Mata Sahib Devi, was a wife of Guru Gobind Singh. Early life She was the daughter of Har Bhagwan Devan (alias ''Ramu''), a Bassi Khatri of Rohtas, Jhelum District. Mata Sahib Devan was born on 1 November 1681 at Rohtas. She was offered to be a bride of Guru Gobind Singh by her father Bhai Rama, a devout Nanak Naam Leva Sikh, and the nuptials took place on 15 April 1700 at Anandpur. In her childhood she was called Sahib Devi by her parents. Biography When the proposal was brought for discussion to Anandpur, the Guru at first refused, as he was married already and had four sons. The Sangat and the Guru's family agreed to the marriage, but Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru made it clear that his relationship with Mata Sahib Devan would be of a spiritual nature and not physical. The Guru proclaimed her to be the ''Mother of the Khalsa'' and since then novitiates have been declared to be the sons a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hookah
A hookah (also see #Names and etymology, other names), shisha, or waterpipe is a single- or multi-stemmed instrument for heating or vaporizing and then smoking either tobacco, flavored tobacco (often ''muʽassel''), or sometimes Cannabis (drug), cannabis, hashish and opium. The smoke is passed through a water basin—often glass-based—before inhalation. The major Health effects of tobacco, health risks of smoking tobacco, Effects of cannabis#Related to smoking, cannabis, opium and other drugs through a hookah include exposure to Toxicant, toxic chemicals, carcinogens and Heavy metals#Toxicity, heavy metals that are not filtered out by the water, alongside those related to the transmission of infectious diseases when hookahs are shared or not properly cleaned. Hookah and waterpipe use is a global public health concern, with high rates of use in the populations of the Middle East and North Africa as well as in young people in the United States, Europe, Central Asia, and South A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikh Empire
The Sikh Empire was a regional power based in the Punjab, Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. It existed from 1799, when Maharaja Ranjit Singh captured Lahore, to 1849, when it was defeated and conquered by the East India Company, British East India Company following the Second Anglo-Sikh War. At its peak in the mid-19th century the empire extended from Gilgit and Tibet under Qing rule, Tibet in the north to the Thar Desert, deserts of Sindh in the south and from the Khyber Pass in the west to the Sutlej in the east, and was divided into eight provinces. Religiously diverse, with an estimated population of 4.5 million in 1831 (making it the List of countries by population in 1800, 19th most populous state at the time), it was the last major region of the Indian subcontinent to be annexed by the British Raj, British Empire. In 1799, Ranjit Singh of Sukerchakia Misl captured Lahore from the Sikh triumvirate which had been ruling it Sikh period in Lahore#Sikh triumvirate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikhs
Sikhs (singular Sikh: or ; , ) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ''Sikh'' has its origin in the Sanskrit word ', meaning 'seeker', or . According to Article I of Chapter 1 of the Sikh Rehat Maryada, Sikh ''Rehat Maryada'' (), the definition of Sikh is: Any human being who faithfully believes in One Immortal Being Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Sahib to Guru Gobind Singh Sahib The Guru Granth Sahib The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and The initiation, known as the Amrit Sanskar, Amrit Sanchar, bequeathed by the tenth Guru and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion, is a Sikh. Male Sikhs generally have ''Singh'' () as their last name, though not all Singhs are necessarily Sikhs; likewise, female Sikhs have ''Kaur'' () as their last name. These unique last names were given by the Gurus to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jind State
Jind State (also spelled Jhind State) was a princely state located in the Punjab and Haryana regions of north-western India. The state was in area and its annual income was Rs.3,000,000 in the 1940s. This state was founded and ruled by the Sidhu clan. Location The area of the state was 1,259 square miles in total and it ranged from Dadri, Karnal, Safidon, and Sangrur. History Origin The ruling house of Jind belonged to the Phulkian sardars, Phulkian dynasty, sharing a common ancestor named Tiloka with the Nabha State, Nabha rulers. Tiloka was the eldest son of Phul Sidhu of the Phulkian Misl. The Jind rulers descended from Sukhchain Singh, the younger son of Tiloka. The Jind State was founded in 1763 by Gajpat Singh after the History of Sirhind, fall of Sirhind. Other sources give a date of 1768 for the founding of the state. Gajpat Singh, son of Sukhchain Singh and great-grandson of Phul, launched a rebellion against the hostile authority based out of Sirhind-Fategarh, Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hisar (city)
Hisar also known as Hissar is the administrative headquarters of Hisar district in the state of Haryana in northwestern India. It is located to the west of New Delhi, India's capital, and has been identified as a National Capital Region (India)#Counter magnets, counter-magnet city for the National Capital Region (India), National Capital Region to develop as an alternative center of growth to Delhi. The city was ruled by several major powers, including the Maurya Empire, Mauryans in the third century BC, the Tughlaq dynasty, Tughlaqs in the 14th century, the Mughal Empire, Mughals in the 16th century, and the British Empire, British in the 19th century. After India achieved independence, it was unified with the state of Punjab, India, Punjab. When the Punjab was divided in 1966, Hisar became part of Haryana. The current name was given in 1354 AD, as ''Hisar-e-Firoza'' by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, the Sultanate of Delhi, Sultan of Delhi from 1351 to 1388. The Ghaggar-Hakra River, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hansi
Hansi, is a city and municipal council in Hisar district in the Indian state of Haryana. It appears that at one time Hansi was larger, more prosperous and more important than Hisar. The town has several important buildings of archeological importance. In 2016, the Haryana government put forward a proposal to carve the new Hansi district out of the Hisar district. History It is believed that Hansi was founded by King Anangpal Vihangpal Tomar for his guru "''Hansakar''" (957 AD). Later, the son of King Anangpal Tomar, Drupad established a sword manufacturing factory in this fort, hence it is also called " Asigarh". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per ''Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi'' by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh". A few also say that it was founded by ill daughter ''Hansivati/Ambavati'' of Prithvi Raj Chauhan though there exists no proof of Prithiviraj's daughter by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Thomas (soldier)
George Thomas (; 22 August 1802), known in India as Jaharai Jung and Jahazi Sahib, was an Irish mercenary and ultimately a Raja who was active in 18th-century India. From 1798 to 1801, he ruled a small kingdom in India, which he carved out of the Hisar and Rohtak districts of Haryana. He is often known in popular memory as the 'Raja from Tipperary'. Early life Thomas was born in Roscrea, County Tipperary, the son of a poor Irish Catholic tenant farmer who died when George was a child. Originally forced to press-gang at Youghal, County Cork, where he worked as a labourer on the docks, Thomas deserted from the British Navy at the age of 25 in Madras in 1782. Still illiterate at the age of 32, he led a group of Pindaris north to Delhi by 1787, where he took service under Begum Samru of Sardhana. Though he was the favourite general of Begum Samru, due to jealous intrigues of his French rival ''Le Vassoult'' (committed suicide in 1795) he was supplanted in 1792 in her favo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Mardanpur
The Battle of Mardanpur was fought between the Sikh forces of Patiala state led by Bibi Sahib Kaur and the Maratha forces led by Lakshmi Rao. Background In 1794, a large force led by Lakshmi Rao, Anta Rao and Lachhman Rao crossed the Yamuna and marched towards Patiala. Raja Bhag Singh of Jhind, Jodh Singh of Kalsia, Bhanga Singh and Mehtab Singh of Thanesar and the Bhadaur sardars Dip Singh and Bir Singh agreed to join her while Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba Tara Singh Ghaiba (1710–1807) was an associate member of the Dallewalia Misl, who became the Leader of the Misl after the death of their founding member and head Sardar Gulab Singh. He made Rahon the capital of his Misl. Early life Sardar ... sent a detachment. These forces combined numbered around 7,000. They marched to meet the Marathas at Mardanpur. Battle The Marathas had initially defeated the Sikh contingent, and the latter retreated to Rajpura. Sahib Kaur, following an impassioned speech, rallied the Sikhs to re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maratha Empire
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern India, early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent List of Maratha dynasties and states, Maratha states under the nominal leadership of the former. The Marathas were a Marathi language, Marathi-speaking peasantry group from the western Deccan Plateau (present-day Maharashtra) that rose to prominence under leadership of Shivaji (17th century), who revolted against the Bijapur Sultanate and the Mughal Empire for establishing "Hindavi Swarajya" (). The religious attitude of Aurangzeb, Emperor Aurangzeb estranged Kafir, non-Muslims, and the Deccan wars, Maratha insurgency came at a great cost for his men and treasury. The Maratha government also included warriors, administrators, and other nobles from other Marathi people, Marathi groups. Shivaji's monarchy, referred to as the Maratha Kingdom, expanded into a large realm in the 18th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maratha–Sikh Clashes
The Maratha–Sikh clashes of 1766–1798 were a series of intermittent conflicts between the Maratha Empire and the Sikh Confederacy, primarily in Northern India. These confrontations were concentrated in the Cis-Sutlej territories and the Upper Gangetic Doab. Hostilities were largely initiated by the Sikhs, who sought to raid the Upper Doab and Delhi for plunder. Opposing them were the Marathas, who not only aimed to consolidate their northern dominions after their recovery from the defeat at Panipat in 1761 and to protect their Mughal puppet Emperor Shah Alam II from the Sikh raids but also extend their influence up to Satluj. During the 1790s, women of the Patiala ruling-house, notably Rani Rajinder Kaur (d. 1791, cousin of Amar Singh) and Rani Sahib Kaur (d. 1799, sister of Sahib Singh) defended the political entity of Patiala from the Marathas through their leadership. Background By the year 1769, The Sikh Misls came out triumphant in the Punjab. Ahmad Shah Durrani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singh Krora Misl
The Singh Krora or Karorsinghia Sikh Confederacy, Misl, also known as the Panjgarhia Misl, was a Sikh Misl. History Sardar Karora Singh, resident of Barki (district Lahore) was the first chief of this Misl; earlier, Karora Singh was the deputy of the ''jatha'' led by Sardar Sham Singh of village (Narla) (district Lahore); after the death of Sham Singh in 1739, Sardar Karam Singh (of village Pechgarh) became the chief of this Jatha; he too died in the early days of 1748 and Karora Singh became the chief of the Jatha. In March 1748, when the Misls were formed, his ''jatha'' became a Misl; then this jatha came to be known as Karorsinghia Misl. Karora Singh had the command of 7-8 thousand horsemen; his first possessions were Hariana and Shamchaurasi, Sham Churasi (in Hoshiarpur district); Karora Singh died in the Battle of Taravari in 1761. Karora Singh was succeeded by Baghel Singh, Baghel Singh of Jhabal Kalan, Jhabal (district Amritsar); Baghel Singh was fond of adventures; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
