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Benzoates
Benzoates (salts of benzoic acid) can refer to: * Ammonium benzoate * Calcium benzoate * Copper benzoate * Denatonium benzoate * Magnesium benzoate * Potassium benzoate * Sodium benzoate Sodium benzoate also known as benzoate of soda is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative (with an E number of E211) and a pickling agent. It appears as a white crystalline chemical with the formula C6H5COONa. Pro ... {{Chemistry index ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potassium Benzoate
Potassium benzoate (E212), the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria. It works best in low- pH products, below 4.5, where it exists as benzoic acid. Acidic foods and beverages such as fruit juice (citric acid), sparkling drinks (carbonic acid), soft drinks (phosphoric acid), and pickles (vinegar) may be preserved with potassium benzoate. It is approved for use in most countries including Canada, the United States and the European Union, where it is designated by the E number E212. Potassium benzoate is also used in the whistle in many fireworks. Synthesis One very common way to make potassium benzoate is by oxidizing toluene to benzoic acid followed by a neutralization with potassium hydroxide: : Another way to synthesize potassium benzoate in the lab setting is by hydrolyzing methyl benzoate with potassium hydroxide: : Reactions Potassium benzoate, like sodium benzoate, can be decarboxylated w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzoic Acid
Benzoic acid () is a white (or colorless) solid organic compound with the formula , whose structure consists of a benzene ring () with a carboxyl () substituent. The benzoyl group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn," which is used for benzyl), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula –. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source. Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. Salts of benzoic acid are used as food preservatives. Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances. The salts and esters of benzoic acid are known as benzoates (). History Benzoic acid was discovered in the sixteenth century. The dry distillation of gum benzoin was first described by Nostradamus (1556), and then by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonium Benzoate
Ammonium benzoate, a white powder-like substance, is the ammonium salt of benzoic acid. This compound is prepared by the reaction of benzoic acid and ammonia. Reactions Ammonium benzoate can be dehydrated to form benzamide Benzamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula of C7H7NO. It is the simplest amide derivative of benzoic acid. In powdered form, it appears as a white solid, while in crystalline form, it appears as colourless crystals. It is slightly .... References Ammonium compounds Benzoates {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcium Benzoate
Calcium benzoate refers to the calcium salt of benzoic acid. When used in the food industry as a preservative, its E number is E213 (INS number 213); it is approved for use as a food additive in the EU, USA and Australia and New Zealand. The formulas and structures of calcium carboxylate derivatives of calcium and related metals are complex. Generally the coordination number is eight and the carboxylates form Ca-O bonds. Another variable is the degree of hydration. Uses It is preferentially used more than other benzoic acid salts or its esters in foods due to its better solubility and safety to humans. It is used in soft drinks, fruit juice, concentrates, soy milk, soy sauce and vinegar. It is the most widely used preservative in making bread and other bakery products. It is used as preservative for water based insecticidal composition which can be sprayed as well as in preparation of calcium formate direct sprayable fertilizers. It is used as preservative for mouth wash com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Benzoate
Copper benzoate is the chemical compound with the formula Cu(C6H5CO2)2(H2O)x. These coordination complexes are derived from the cupric ion and the conjugate base of benzoic acid. Many derivatives are known with diverse ancillary ligands. It has found some use as a source of blue light in fireworks. Preparation In laboratory, copper benzoate can be made by combining aqueous solutions of potassium benzoate with copper sulfate. Hydrated copper benzoate precipitates as a pale blue solid: : Uses The primary use of this compound is in the production of a blue flame in fireworks. Copper benzoate made from sodium benzoate for use in fireworks may result in strong yellow dilution of the flame unless the precipitate is carefully washed to remove sodium ions (which emit bright yellow). Emission from potassium does not complicate the emission spectrum. Structure Copper(II) benzoate exists in at least two structural forms, depending on the degree of hydration. As in copper(II) acetate Cop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denatonium
Denatonium, usually available as denatonium benzoate (under trade names such as Denatrol, BITTERANT-b, BITTER+PLUS, Bitrex, Bitrix, and Aversion) and as denatonium saccharinate (BITTERANT-s), is the bitterest chemical compound known, with bitterness thresholds of 0.05 ppm for the benzoate and 0.01 ppm for the saccharinate. It was discovered in 1958 during research on local anesthetics by T. & H. Smith of Edinburgh, Scotland, and registered under the trademark Bitrex. Dilutions of as little as 10 ppm are unbearably bitter to most people. Denatonium salts are usually colorless and odorless solids, but are often traded as solutions. They are used as aversive agents (bitterants) to prevent inappropriate ingestion. Denatonium is used in denatured alcohol, antifreeze, preventive nail biting preparations, respirator mask fit-testing, animal repellents, liquid soaps, shampoos, and Nintendo Switch game cards to prevent accidental swallowing or choking by children. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnesium Benzoate
Magnesium benzoate is a chemical compound formed from magnesium and benzoic acid. It was once used to treat gout and arthritis Arthritis is a general medical term used to describe a disorder that affects joints. Symptoms generally include joint pain and stiffness. Other symptoms may include redness, warmth, Joint effusion, swelling, and decreased range of motion of .... References Benzoates Magnesium compounds {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sodium Benzoate
Sodium benzoate also known as benzoate of soda is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative (with an E number of E211) and a pickling agent. It appears as a white crystalline chemical with the formula C6H5COONa. Production Sodium benzoate is commonly produced by the neutralization of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), which is itself produced commercially by partial oxidation of toluene with oxygen. Reactions Sodium benzoate can be decarboxylated with strong base and heat, yielding benzene: : Natural occurrence Sodium benzoate is not a naturally occurring substance. However many foods are natural sources of benzoic acid, its salts, and its esters. Fruits and vegetables can be rich sources, particularly berries such as cranberry and bilberry. Other sources include seafood, such as prawns, and dairy products. Uses As a preservative Sodium benzoate can act as a food preservative. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
