Copper Benzoate

	Copper Benzoate Copper benzoate is the chemical compound with the formula Cu(C6H5CO2)2(H2O)x. These coordination complexes are derived from the cupric ion and the conjugate base of benzoic acid. Many derivatives are known with diverse ancillary ligands. It has found some use as a source of blue light in fireworks. Preparation In laboratory, copper benzoate can be made by combining aqueous solutions of potassium benzoate with copper sulfate. Hydrated copper benzoate precipitates as a pale blue solid: : Uses The primary use of this compound is in the production of a blue flame in fireworks. Copper benzoate made from sodium benzoate for use in fireworks may result in strong yellow dilution of the flame unless the precipitate is carefully washed to remove sodium ions (which emit bright yellow). Emission from potassium does not complicate the emission spectrum. Structure Copper(II) benzoate exists in at least two structural forms, depending on the degree of hydration. As in copper(II) acetate Cop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Chinese Lantern Structure In chemistry, the Chinese lantern structure is a coordination complex where two metal atoms are bridged by four Denticity, bidentate ligands. This structure type is also known as a paddlewheel complex. Examples include chromium(II) acetate, molybdenum(II) acetate, and rhodium(II) acetate, copper(II) acetate dihydrate. The name is derived from the resemblance between the structure and a Chinese paper lantern. Often additional ligands are bound to the metal centers along the M---M vector. The degree of metal-metal bonding varies according to the d-electron configuration. Complexes with Chinese lantern structure Copper benzoate Copper acetate Chromium(II) acetate Molybdenum(II) acetate Diruthenium tetraacetate chloride Rhodium acetate References Further reading * Coordination chemistry {{inorganic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Copper Sulfate Copper sulfate may refer to: * Copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4, a common, greenish blue compound used as a fungicide and herbicide * Copper(I) sulfate, Cu2SO4, an unstable white solid which is uncommonly used {{chemistry index Copper compounds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Phenylcopper Phenylcopper is an organometallic chemical compound of copper. Its chemical formula is , where copper is in the oxidation state of +1. Synthesis Phenylcopper was the first known organocopper compound and was first prepared in 1923 from phenylmagnesium iodide and copper(I) iodide and in 1936 by Henry Gilman by transmetallation of phenylmagnesium iodide with copper(I) chloride. Phenylcopper can be obtained by reacting phenyl lithium with copper(I) bromide in diethyl ether. : Properties Phenylcopper is a colorless solid that is soluble in pyridine. It can be stored for a few days without decomposition under nitrogen or in vacuum. Rapid decomposition takes place in air. Water decomposes phenylcopper to form red copper(I) oxide and varying amounts of benzene and biphenyl. It forms stable complexes with tributylphosphine and triphenylphosphine. When dissolved in dimethyl sulfide, phenylcopper forms dimers and trimers (aggregates of two or three molecules). Related structures A dip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Copper Salicylate Copper salicylate describes a range of compounds containing copper(II) and salicylate Salicylic acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4COOH. A colorless (or white), bitter-tasting solid, it is a precursor to and a metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). It is a plant hormone, and has been listed by the EPA To .... Many compounds are known. They are generally blue. Simple species include: . (L = diverse solvent. Many adducts of copper(II) salicylates are known with amines and N-hetrerocyclic ligands. References {{organic-compound-stub Salicylates Copper compounds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Bridging Ligand In coordination chemistry, a bridging ligand is a ligand that connects two or more atoms, usually metal ions. The ligand may be atomic or polyatomic. Virtually all complex organic compounds can serve as bridging ligands, so the term is usually restricted to small ligands such as pseudohalides or to ligands that are specifically designed to link two metals. In naming a complex wherein a single atom bridges two metals, the bridging ligand is preceded by the Greek letter mu, μ, with a subscript number denoting the number of metals bound to the bridging ligand. μ2 is often denoted simply as μ. When describing coordination complexes care should be taken not to confuse μ with η ('eta'), which relates to hapticity. Ligands that are not bridging are called terminal ligands. List of bridging ligands Virtually all ligands are known to bridge, with the exception of amines and ammonia. Common bridging ligands include most of the common anions. Many simple organic ligands form s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Copper(II) Acetate Copper(II) acetate, also referred to as cupric acetate, is the chemical compound with the formula where is acetate (). The hydrated derivative, , which contains one molecule of water for each copper atom, is available commercially. Anhydrous copper(II) acetate is a dark green crystalline solid, whereas is more bluish-green. Since ancient times, copper acetates of some form have been used as fungicides and green pigments. Today, copper acetates are used as reagents for the synthesis of various inorganic and organic compounds. Copper acetate, like all copper compounds, emits a blue-green glow in a flame. Structure Copper acetate hydrate adopts the paddle wheel structure seen also for related Rh(II) and Cr(II) tetraacetates. One oxygen atom on each acetate is bound to one copper atom at . Completing the coordination sphere are two water ligands, with distances of . The two copper atoms are separated by only , which is close to the separation in metallic copper. The two cop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Potassium Benzoate Potassium benzoate (E212), the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria. It works best in low- pH products, below 4.5, where it exists as benzoic acid. Acidic foods and beverages such as fruit juice (citric acid), sparkling drinks (carbonic acid), soft drinks (phosphoric acid), and pickles (vinegar) may be preserved with potassium benzoate. It is approved for use in most countries including Canada, the United States and the European Union, where it is designated by the E number E212. Potassium benzoate is also used in the whistle in many fireworks. Synthesis One very common way to make potassium benzoate is by oxidizing toluene to benzoic acid followed by a neutralization with potassium hydroxide: : Another way to synthesize potassium benzoate in the lab setting is by hydrolyzing methyl benzoate with potassium hydroxide: : Reactions Potassium benzoate, like sodium benzoate, can be decarboxylated w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Sodium Benzoate Sodium benzoate also known as benzoate of soda is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative (with an E number of E211) and a pickling agent. It appears as a white crystalline chemical with the formula C6H5COONa. Production Sodium benzoate is commonly produced by the neutralization of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), which is itself produced commercially by partial oxidation of toluene with oxygen. Reactions Sodium benzoate can be decarboxylated with strong base and heat, yielding benzene: : Natural occurrence Sodium benzoate is not a naturally occurring substance. However many foods are natural sources of benzoic acid, its salts, and its esters. Fruits and vegetables can be rich sources, particularly berries such as cranberry and bilberry. Other sources include seafood, such as prawns, and dairy products. Uses As a preservative Sodium benzoate can act as a food preservative. It is most widely used in acidic foods such as s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Fireworks Fireworks are Explosive, low explosive Pyrotechnics, pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes. They are most commonly used in fireworks displays (also called a fireworks show or pyrotechnics), combining a large number of devices in an outdoor setting. Such displays are the focal point of many cultural and religious Celebration (party), celebrations, though mismanagement could lead to List of fireworks accidents and incidents, fireworks accidents. Fireworks take many forms to produce four primary effects: noise, light, smoke, and floating materials (confetti most notably). They may be designed to burn with colored flames and sparks including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple and silver. They are generally classified by where they perform, either 'ground' or 'aerial'. Aerial fireworks may have their own Air propulsion, propulsion (skyrocket) or be shot into the air by a Mortar (weapon), mortar (aerial shell). Most fireworks consist of a paper or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Benzoic Acid Benzoic acid () is a white (or colorless) solid organic compound with the formula , whose structure consists of a benzene ring () with a carboxyl () substituent. The benzoyl group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn," which is used for benzyl), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula –. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source. Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. Salts of benzoic acid are used as food preservatives. Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances. The salts and esters of benzoic acid are known as benzoates (). History Benzoic acid was discovered in the sixteenth century. The dry distillation of gum benzoin was first described by Nostradamus (1556), and then by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]