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Battle Of Tangier (1675)
The Battle of Tangier in 1675 was an engagement between the Moroccans and the English garrison of Tangier, who raided the vicinity for cattle. The English raid ended in a fiasco. Background After the Moroccan victories in 1662 and 1664, the conflict between the English and the Moors continued. Throughout 1670 and 1671, the Moors kept setting up ambushes of haymakers and those who wandered far away from the town. The Moroccans were able to deliver surprise attacks. Due to constant attack, garrison supplies and storage were waning, and an attempt to buy meat from Portugal and Spain ended in vain. The governor of Tangier, William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, decided in the Council of War to fetch some cattle from outside based on reports by a Moroccan spy, Hamet, who recommended such an idea. Battle On the night of September 19, 1675, the governor prepared a force of 500 men commanded by Major Palmes Fairborne to bring the cattle. Fairborne divided his troops into three divisions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Tangier
English Tangier was the period in History of Morocco, Moroccan history in which the city of Tangier was occupied by Kingdom of England, England as part of its English overseas possessions, colonial empire from 1661 to 1684. Tangier had been under Portuguese Empire, Portuguese control before Charles II of England acquired the city as part of the dowry when he married the Portuguese ''infante, infanta'' Catherine of Braganza, Catherine. The marriage treaty was an extensive renewal of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. It was opposed by Spain, then at war with Portugal, but clandestinely supported by France. The English garrisoned and fortified the city against hostile but disunited Moroccan forces. The exclave was expensive to defend and fortify and offered neither commercial nor military advantage to England. When Morocco was later united under the 'Alawi dynasty, Alaouites, the cost of maintaining the garrison against Moroccan attack greatly increased, and Parliamentary refusal to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region. However, it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east. The most common definition for the region's boundaries includes Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Western Sahara, the territory territorial dispute, disputed between Morocco and the list of states with limited recognition, partially recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The United Nations’ definition includes all these countries as well as Sudan. The African Union defines the region similarly, only differing from the UN in excluding the Sudan and including Mauritania. The Sahel, south of the Sahara, Sahara Desert, can be considered as the southern boundary of North Africa. North Africa includes the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morocco
Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocco border, the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to Morocco–Western Sahara border, the south. Morocco also claims the Spain, Spanish Enclave and exclave, exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Plazas de soberanía, Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It has a population of approximately 37 million. Islam is both the official and predominant religion, while Arabic and Berber are the official languages. Additionally, French and the Moroccan dialect of Arabic are widely spoken. The culture of Morocco is a mix of Arab culture, Arab, Berbers, Berber, Culture of Africa, African and Culture of Europe, European cultures. Its capital is Rabat, while its largest city is Casablanca. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palmes Fairborne
Sir Palmes Fairborne (1644 27 October 1680) was an Kingdom of England, English soldier and Governor of Tangier. Early life Fairborne was the son of Colonel Stafford Fairborne (Royalist), Stafford Fairborne of Newark-on-Trent. He fought as a Mercenary, soldier of fortune in Crete at the siege of Candia by the Ottoman Turks; a Turk's head was afterwards included in his arms. At the age of seventeen Fairborne was back in England. The Tangier Regiment In the autumn of 1661, he was Commissioned officer, commissioned a captain in the newly formed Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey), Tangier Regiment of Foot. The regiment mustered one thousand strong, besides officers, on Putney Heath, 14 October, and sailed to garrison Tangier, under the command of Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough, the Earl of Peterborough, in January 1662. During the next eighteen years Fairborne took a prominent part in the defense of Tangier, which was exposed to attacks from the Moors, receiving the hono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangier
Tangier ( ; , , ) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The city is the capital city, capital of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region, as well as the Tangier-Assilah Prefecture of Morocco. Many civilisations and cultures have influenced the history of Tangier, starting from before the 10th centuryBCE. Starting as a strategic Phoenician town and trading centre, Tangier has been a nexus for many cultures. In 1923, it became an Tangier International Zone, international zone managed by colonialism in Africa, colonial powers and became a destination for many European and American diplomats, spies, Bohemianism, bohemians, writers and businessmen. That status came to an end with Moroccan independence, in phases between 1956 and 1960. By the early 21st century, Tangier was undergoing rapid development and modernisation. Projects include tourism projects along the bay, a modern business district called Tangier City Centre, an ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tangier (1662)
The Battle of Tangier in 1662 was the first major engagement between Moroccan forces, led by Khadir Ghaïlan, and the English garrison, led by Nathaniel Fiennes. The Moroccans routed the English force. Background After the English arrived in January 1662, the Moroccan warlord Khadir Ghaïlan disapproved of the English occupation, considering Tangier as part of his territory. Although he did not have a sufficient army to oust the English, he initiated small ambushes and raids. On March 24, Ghailan and the Earl of Peterborough concluded a truce, providing 50 barrels of powder to the Moroccans. However, Ghailan later discovered that the English were exploiting the truce to expand their colony by seizing nearby lands and building forts. Ghailand considered this a violation of the truce and protested to the English. Receiving no response, he decided to confront them. Battle In April 1662, Ghailand arrived in Tangier with an army of 5,000 troops, attempting to draw the garrison out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tangier (1664)
The Battle of Tangier, also known as the Battle of Jew's Hill, took place between a detachment of the English Tangier Garrison under the command of governor of Tangier Lord Teviot by a Moroccan force commanded by Khadir Ghaïlan on 4 May 1664. Successfully ambushing the 500-strong English force, Ghaïlan's men killed all but thirty of them, including Teviot. The battle was the bloodiest defeat suffered by the Tangier Garrison during the English occupation of Tangier. Background In 1661, the Moroccan city of Tangier, which had previously been part of the Portuguese Empire, passed under English control as part of the dowry of Charles II of England when he married Catherine of Braganza. During England's occupation of Tangier, the Tangier Garrison, an English Army force sent to garrison the city, faced constant attacks from Moroccan forces opposed to their presence in the region. In 1663, Scottish soldier Lord Teviot was sent to Tangier to serve as the city's governor. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William O'Brien, 2nd Earl Of Inchiquin
Colonel William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, Privy Council of Ireland, PC (Ire) ( – 16 January 1692), was an Irish army officer and colonial administrator who served as the List of governors of Tangier, governor of Tangier from 1675 to 1680 and the List of governors of Jamaica, governor of Jamaica from 1690 until his death in office in 1692. O'Brien is best known for his long career in the service of the The Crown, English Crown, serving as a colonial governor in English overseas possessions, England's overseas possessions in Africa and the West Indies. Born in Doneraile, County Cork to the Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, O'Brien was raised in London growing up. After being briefly imprisoned during the Second English Civil War, O'Brien eventually left England to enlist in the service of the French Royal Army in 1659 alongside his father. While on board a French Navy, French fleet in 1660, he was captured by Barbary pirates, Ottoman corsairs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lords Commissioners
The Lords Commissioners are Privy Council of the United Kingdom, privy counsellors appointed by the monarch of the United Kingdom to exercise, on his or her behalf, certain functions relating to Parliament of the United Kingdom, Parliament which would otherwise require the monarch's attendance at the Palace of Westminster. These include the State Opening of Parliament, opening and legislative session#Procedure in Commonwealth realms, prorogation of Parliament, the confirmation of a newly elected Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom), Speaker of the House of Commons and the granting of royal assent. The Lords Commissioners are collectively known as the Royal Commission. The Royal Commission includes at least three—and usually five—Lords Commissioners. In current practice, the Lords Commissioners usually include the Lord Chancellor, the Archbishop of Canterbury (who is named but usually does not participate), the leaders of the three major parties in the Hous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Siege Of Tangier
The Great Siege of Tangier was an unsuccessful siege of English Tangier by the forces of the Alawi Sultanate The Alawi Sultanate, officially known as the Sharifian Sultanate () and as the Sultanate of Morocco, was the state ruled by the 'Alawi dynasty over what is now Morocco, from their rise to power in the 1660s to the 1912 Treaty of Fes that marked t ... of Morocco in 1680. Background Since the start of their occupation of Tangier in 1661, the English had erected a number of forts around the town to help protect it. By the early 1670s, the English garrison in Tangier was relatively at peace but the supply of food was a concern. The new Alawi sultan, Moulay Isma'il, was initially preoccupied with consolidating his power. Large parts of northern Morocco were controlled by Khadir Ghaïlan (or al-Khadr Ghaylan) a warlord who had previously harassed the English and defeated them in 1664. In 1666, Ghaïlan's priorities were different and, in return for a supply of gunpowder, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Morocco
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century In Morocco
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number. 17 was described at MIT as "the least random number", according to the Jargon File. This is supposedly because, in a study where respondents were asked to choose a random number from 1 to 20, 17 was the most common choice. This study has been repeated a number of times. Mathematics 17 is a Leyland number and Leyland prime, using 2 & 3 (23 + 32) and using 4 and 5, using 3 & 4 (34 - 43). 17 is a Fermat prime. 17 is one of six lucky numbers of Euler. Since seventeen is a Fermat prime, regular heptadecagons can be constructed with a compass and unmarked ruler. This was proven by Carl Friedrich Gauss and ultimately led him to choose mathematics over philology for his studies. The minimum possible number of givens for a sudoku puzzle with a unique solution is 17. Geometric properties Two-dimensions *There are seventeen crystallographic space groups in two dimensions. These are some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
