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Battle Of Tangier (1662)
The Battle of Tangier in 1662 was the first major engagement between Moroccan forces, led by Khadir Ghaïlan, and the English garrison, led by Nathaniel Fiennes. The Moroccans routed the English force. Background After the English arrived in January 1662, the Moroccan warlord Khadir Ghaïlan disapproved of the English occupation, considering Tangier as part of his territory. Although he did not have a sufficient army to oust the English, he initiated small ambushes and raids. On March 24, Ghailan and the Earl of Peterborough concluded a truce, providing 50 barrels of powder to the Moroccans. However, Ghailan later discovered that the English were exploiting the truce to expand their colony by seizing nearby lands and building forts. Ghailand considered this a violation of the truce and protested to the English. Receiving no response, he decided to confront them. Battle In April 1662, Ghailand arrived in Tangier with an army of 5,000 troops, attempting to draw the garrison out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Tangier
English Tangier was the period in History of Morocco, Moroccan history in which the city of Tangier was occupied by Kingdom of England, England as part of its English overseas possessions, colonial empire from 1661 to 1684. Tangier had been under Portuguese Empire, Portuguese control before Charles II of England acquired the city as part of the dowry when he married the Portuguese ''infante, infanta'' Catherine of Braganza, Catherine. The marriage treaty was an extensive renewal of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. It was opposed by Spain, then at war with Portugal, but clandestinely supported by France. The English garrisoned and fortified the city against hostile but disunited Moroccan forces. The exclave was expensive to defend and fortify and offered neither commercial nor military advantage to England. When Morocco was later united under the 'Alawi dynasty, Alaouites, the cost of maintaining the garrison against Moroccan attack greatly increased, and Parliamentary refusal to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region. However, it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east. The most common definition for the region's boundaries includes Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Western Sahara, the territory territorial dispute, disputed between Morocco and the list of states with limited recognition, partially recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The United Nations’ definition includes all these countries as well as Sudan. The African Union defines the region similarly, only differing from the UN in excluding the Sudan and including Mauritania. The Sahel, south of the Sahara, Sahara Desert, can be considered as the southern boundary of North Africa. North Africa includes the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morocco
Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocco border, the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to Morocco–Western Sahara border, the south. Morocco also claims the Spain, Spanish Enclave and exclave, exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Plazas de soberanía, Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It has a population of approximately 37 million. Islam is both the official and predominant religion, while Arabic and Berber are the official languages. Additionally, French and the Moroccan dialect of Arabic are widely spoken. The culture of Morocco is a mix of Arab culture, Arab, Berbers, Berber, Culture of Africa, African and Culture of Europe, European cultures. Its capital is Rabat, while its largest city is Casablanca. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khadir Ghaïlan
Khadir Ghaïlan (Library of Congress, Ahmad al Khādir ibn 'Ali Ghaylān; generally known to English-speakers as Gayland or Guyland) was a powerful warlord in Morocco during the seventeenth century. He controlled large swathes of the region until his death in September 1672 at the hands of Moulay Rashid. During the 1660s, he was noted for his clashes with the Anglo-Irish garrison at Tangier. Despite gaining a success over the garrison at the Battle of Tangier (1664) he was never able to seriously threaten the port. He agreed a number of truces with the Governors of Tangier. Depictions The play "The Heir of Morocco, with the Death of Gayland" written by Elkanah Settle in 1682 was a political attack on John Dryden John Dryden (; – ) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who in 1668 was appointed England's first Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom, Poet Laureate. He is seen as dominating the literary life of Restoration (En ..., and is entirely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl Of Peterborough
Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough (15 November 1621 – 19 June 1697) was an English soldier, peer and courtier. Early life Styled Lord Mordaunt from 1628, he was the eldest son of John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough. He was educated at Eton, under Sir Henry Wotton, and shortly before the outbreak of the First English Civil War was sent to France to be out of harm's way. :s:Mordaunt, Henry, second Earl of Peterborough (DNB00) He returned to England in 1642, and served for a little while in the parliamentary army, where he commanded his ailing father's troop of horse. In April 1643, after his father's death, he deserted to the king at Oxford. Now Earl of Peterborough, he joined the Cavaliers and fought at the battles of Bristol, Gloucester and Newbury in 1643. At Newbury, he was wounded in the arm and thigh, and had his horse shot under him. In command of a regiment raised at his own expense he served in the west during the following summer and winter, at Cropr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Rutherford, 1st Earl Of Teviot
Andrew Rutherford, 1st Earl of Teviot (died 4 May 1664; sometimes spelt "Rutherfurd") was a Scottish soldier. Early life Andrew was the fifth and youngest son of a merchant burgess of EdinburghWilliam Rutherfurd (died 1624) of Wrightslands and of Easter and Wester Quarrelholes in Restalrigand his wife Isobel (married 1608), daughter of James Stewart of Traquair. He received his education at Edinburgh University, and later took up a career in the military in France. Career During the Commonwealth (or, to monarchists, the Interregnum), Rutherford served the French government, which maintained regiments of Scottish soldiers throughout the Thirty Years's War. On the restoration of Charles II, Rutherford was taken into employment by his own king on the recommendation of Louis XIV of France. According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Eleventh Edition, he became a lieutenant general in France and had a high reputation for personal courage; however, the ''Dictionary of National Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tangier (1664)
The Battle of Tangier, also known as the Battle of Jew's Hill, took place between a detachment of the English Tangier Garrison under the command of governor of Tangier Lord Teviot by a Moroccan force commanded by Khadir Ghaïlan on 4 May 1664. Successfully ambushing the 500-strong English force, Ghaïlan's men killed all but thirty of them, including Teviot. The battle was the bloodiest defeat suffered by the Tangier Garrison during the English occupation of Tangier. Background In 1661, the Moroccan city of Tangier, which had previously been part of the Portuguese Empire, passed under English control as part of the dowry of Charles II of England when he married Catherine of Braganza. During England's occupation of Tangier, the Tangier Garrison, an English Army force sent to garrison the city, faced constant attacks from Moroccan forces opposed to their presence in the region. In 1663, Scottish soldier Lord Teviot was sent to Tangier to serve as the city's governor. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tangier (1675)
The Battle of Tangier in 1675 was an engagement between the Moroccans and the English garrison of Tangier, who raided the vicinity for cattle. The English raid ended in a fiasco. Background After the Moroccan victories in 1662 and 1664, the conflict between the English and the Moors continued. Throughout 1670 and 1671, the Moors kept setting up ambushes of haymakers and those who wandered far away from the town. The Moroccans were able to deliver surprise attacks. Due to constant attack, garrison supplies and storage were waning, and an attempt to buy meat from Portugal and Spain ended in vain. The governor of Tangier, William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin, decided in the Council of War to fetch some cattle from outside based on reports by a Moroccan spy, Hamet, who recommended such an idea. Battle On the night of September 19, 1675, the governor prepared a force of 500 men commanded by Major Palmes Fairborne to bring the cattle. Fairborne divided his troops into three divisions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Siege Of Tangier
The Great Siege of Tangier was an unsuccessful siege of English Tangier by the forces of the Alawi Sultanate The Alawi Sultanate, officially known as the Sharifian Sultanate () and as the Sultanate of Morocco, was the state ruled by the 'Alawi dynasty over what is now Morocco, from their rise to power in the 1660s to the 1912 Treaty of Fes that marked t ... of Morocco in 1680. Background Since the start of their occupation of Tangier in 1661, the English had erected a number of forts around the town to help protect it. By the early 1670s, the English garrison in Tangier was relatively at peace but the supply of food was a concern. The new Alawi sultan, Moulay Isma'il, was initially preoccupied with consolidating his power. Large parts of northern Morocco were controlled by Khadir Ghaïlan (or al-Khadr Ghaylan) a warlord who had previously harassed the English and defeated them in 1664. In 1666, Ghaïlan's priorities were different and, in return for a supply of gunpowder, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Morocco
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century In Morocco
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number. 17 was described at MIT as "the least random number", according to the Jargon File. This is supposedly because, in a study where respondents were asked to choose a random number from 1 to 20, 17 was the most common choice. This study has been repeated a number of times. Mathematics 17 is a Leyland number and Leyland prime, using 2 & 3 (23 + 32) and using 4 and 5, using 3 & 4 (34 - 43). 17 is a Fermat prime. 17 is one of six lucky numbers of Euler. Since seventeen is a Fermat prime, regular heptadecagons can be constructed with a compass and unmarked ruler. This was proven by Carl Friedrich Gauss and ultimately led him to choose mathematics over philology for his studies. The minimum possible number of givens for a sudoku puzzle with a unique solution is 17. Geometric properties Two-dimensions *There are seventeen crystallographic space groups in two dimensions. These are some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambushes In Morocco
An ambush is a surprise attack carried out by people lying in wait in a concealed position. The concealed position itself or the concealed person(s) may also be called an "". Ambushes as a basic military tactics, fighting tactic of soldiers or of criminals have been used consistently throughout history, from ancient warfare, ancient to modern warfare. The term "ambush" is also used in Ambush predators, animal behavior studies, Journalism_genres#Ambush_journalism, journalism, and Ambush marketing, marketing to describe methods of approach and strategy. In the 20th century, a military ambush might involve thousands of soldiers on a large scale, such as at a choke point like a mountain pass. Conversely, it could involve a small irregulars , irregular band or insurgent group attacking a Regular army, regular armed-force patrol. Theoretically, a single well-armed, and concealed soldier could ambush other troops in a surprise attack. In recent centuries, a military ambush can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
