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Bathypurpurata
''Bathypurpurata'' is a genus of incirrate octopus in the family Megaleledonidae from the Antarctic Ocean. The genus has only one species, ''Bathypurpurata profunda'', a small purple octopus which lacks an ink sac and has a single row of suckers and a very large salivary gland. It was described in 2005 from a type specimen caught between the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Shetland Islands The South Shetland Islands are a group of List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands, Antarctic islands located in the Drake Passage with a total area of . They lie about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between southwest of the n .... Abstract References {{Taxonbar, from=Q13436588 Octopodidae Monotypic cephalopod genera Molluscs of the Southern Ocean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megaleledonidae
Megaleledonidae is a family of octopuses in the superfamily Octopodoidea. It was formerly placed in the family Octopodidae ''sensu lato'' as the subfamily Megaleledoninae but more recent studies have raised this taxon as a valid family. Megaleledonidae contains about 43 species in 12 genera. Reproduction Megaleledonidae are known to produce both fewer and larger offspring than octopods that live in more tropical climates. The eggs produced by Megaleldonidae are typically large with very slow embryonic development that can take up the majority of their lifecycle including from months to years. Genera The following genera are included within the family Megaleledonidae: * '' Adelieledone'' Allcock, Hochberg, Rodhouse & Thorpe, 2003 (3 species) * '' Bathypurpurata'' Vecchione, Allcock & Piatkowski, 2005 (monotypic) * '' Bentheledone'' Robson, 1932 (2 species) * ''Graneledone'' Joubin, 1918 (9 species) * '' Megaleledone'' Iw. Taki, 1961 (monotypic) * '' Microeledone'' Norman, Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Vecchione
Michael Vecchione is an American zoologist currently at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2001. His highest cited paper is ''Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks'' at 661 times, according to Google Scholar. His current interests are marine biodiversity and cephalopods. He described the Bigfin squid, Magnapinnidae family in 1998 along with Richard E. Young, Richard Young. Education He earned his B.S. at University of Miami in 1972 and his Ph.D. at College of William and Mary in 1979. Publications *Deep, diverse and definitely different: unique attributes of the world's largest ecosystem, 9, Biogeosciences, 2010 *The evolution of coleoid cephalopods and their present biodiversity and ecology, RE Young, M Vecchione, DT Donovan, 20, African Journal of Marine Science 1998 *''Octopus, Squid, and Cuttlefish: A Visual Scienti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incirrata
Incirrata (or Incirrina) is a suborder of the order Octopoda. The suborder contains the classic " benthic octopuses," as well as many pelagic octopus families, including the paper nautiluses. The incirrate octopuses are distinguished from the cirrate octopuses by the absence in the former of the "cirri" filaments (found with the suckers) for which the cirrates are named, as well as by the lack of paired swimming fins on the head, and lack of a small internal shell (the "shell" of '' Argonauta'' species is not a true shell, but a thin calcite egg case). Classification *CLASS CEPHALOPODA **Subclass Nautiloidea: nautilus **Subclass †Ammonoidea: ammonites **Subclass Coleoidea ***Superorder Decapodiformes: squid, cuttlefish ***Superorder Octopodiformes ****Family † Trachyteuthididae (''incertae sedis'') ****Order Vampyromorphida: vampire squid ****Order Octopoda *****Genus †'' Keuppia'' (''incertae sedis'') *****Genus †''Palaeoctopus'' (''incertae sedis'') *****Genus †' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopus
An octopus (: octopuses or octopodes) is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (, ). The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, an octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beaked mouth at the centre point of the eight limbs. An octopus can radically deform its shape, enabling it to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used for respiration and locomotion (by water jet propulsion). Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various ocean habitats, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow quickly, mature early, and are short-lived. In most species, the male uses a speciall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctic Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the world ocean, generally taken to be south of 60th parallel south, 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. With a size of , it is the second-smallest of the five principal oceanic divisions, smaller than the Pacific Ocean, Pacific, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic and Indian Ocean, Indian oceans, and larger than the Arctic Ocean. The maximum depth of the Southern Ocean, using the definition that it lies south of 60th parallel, was surveyed by the Five Deeps Expedition in early February 2019. The expedition's multibeam sonar team identified the deepest point at 60° 28' 46"S, 025° 32' 32"W, with a depth of . The expedition leader and chief submersible pilot Victor Vescovo, has proposed naming this deepest point the "Factorian Deep", based on the name of the crewed submersible ''DSV Limiting Factor'', in which he successfully visited the bottom for the first time on February 3, 2019 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ink Sac
An ink sac is an anatomical feature that is found in many cephalopod mollusks used to produce the defensive cephalopod ink. With the exception of nocturnal and very deep water cephalopods, all Coleoidea (squid, octopus and cuttlefish) which dwell in light conditions have an ink sac, which can be used to expel a cloud of dark ink in order to confuse predators. The ink sac is a muscular bag which originated as an extension of the hind gut; it is a modified hypobranchial gland.Nair, J.R., D. Pillai, S.M. Joseph, P. Gomathi, P.V. Senan & P.M. Sherief (2011). ''Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences'' 40(1): 13–27. It lies beneath the gut and opens into the anus, into which its contents – almost pure melanin – can be squirted; its proximity to the base of the funnel means that the ink can be distributed by ejected water as the cephalopod uses its jet propulsion. The ejected cloud of melanin is bound by mucus Mucus (, ) is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salivary Gland
The salivary glands in many vertebrates including mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts. Humans have three paired major salivary glands ( parotid, submandibular, and sublingual), as well as hundreds of minor salivary glands. Salivary glands can be classified as serous, mucous, or seromucous (mixed). In serous secretions, the main type of protein secreted is alpha-amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose and glucose, whereas in mucous secretions, the main protein secreted is mucin, which acts as a lubricant. In humans, 1200 to 1500 ml of saliva are produced every day. The secretion of saliva (salivation) is mediated by parasympathetic stimulation; acetylcholine is the active neurotransmitter and binds to muscarinic receptors in the glands, leading to increased salivation. A proposed fourth pair of salivary glands, the tubarial glands, were first identified in 2020. They are named for their location, being positione ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal scientific description of a newly encountered species, typically articulated through a scientific publication. Its purpose is to provide a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been previously described or related species. For a species to be considered valid, a species description must follow established guidelines and naming conventions dictated by relevant nomenclature codes. These include the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) for animals, the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) for plants, and the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) for viruses. A species description often includes photographs or other illustrations of type material and information regarding where this material is deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Specimen
In biology, a type is a particular wikt:en:specimen, specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally associated. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set (mathematics), set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN), the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctic Peninsula
The Antarctic Peninsula, known as O'Higgins Land in Chile and Tierra de San Martin in Argentina, and originally as Graham Land in the United Kingdom and the Palmer Peninsula in the United States, is the northernmost part of mainland Antarctica. The Antarctic Peninsula is part of the larger peninsula of West Antarctica, protruding from a line between Cape Adams (Weddell Sea) and a point on the mainland south of the Eklund Islands. Beneath the ice sheet that covers it, the Antarctic Peninsula consists of a string of bedrock islands; these are separated by deep channels whose bottoms lie at depths considerably below current sea level. They are joined by a grounded ice sheet. Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of South America, is about away across the Drake Passage. The Antarctic Peninsula is in area and 80% ice-covered. The marine ecosystem around the western continental shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has been subjected to rapid Climate change in Antarctica, clima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands, Antarctic islands located in the Drake Passage with a total area of . They lie about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between southwest of the nearest point of the South Orkney Islands. By the Antarctic Treaty System, Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories. According to British government language on the topic, "the whole of Antarctica is protected in the interests of peace and science." The islands have been claimed by three countries, beginning with the United Kingdom since 1908 (since 1962 as part of the equally unrecognized British Antarctic Territory). The islands are also claimed by the governments of Chile (since 1940, as part of the Antártica Chilena province), and by Argentina (since 1943, as part of Argentine Antarctica, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, Tierra del Fuego Province). Several countries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopodidae
The Octopodidae comprise the family containing the majority of known octopus species (about 175 species). Genera The World Register of Marine Species lists these 23 genera: *'' Abdopus'' Norman & Finn, 2001 (7 species) *'' Ameloctopus'' Norman, 1992 (monotypic) *'' Amphioctopus'' P. Fischer, 1882 (16 species) *'' Callistoctopus'' Taki, 1964 (11 species) *'' Cistopus'' Gray, 1849 (4 species) *'' Euaxoctopus'' Voss, 1971 (3 species) *'' Galeoctopus'' Norman, Boucher & Hochberg, 2004 (monotypic) *'' Grimpella'' Robson, 1928 (monotypic) *'' Hapalochlaena'' Robson, 1929 (4 species) *'' Histoctopus'' Norman, Boucher-Rodoni & Hochberg, 2009 (2 species) *'' Lepidoctopus'' Haimovici & Sales, 2019 (monotypic) *'' Macrochlaena'' Robson, 1929 (monotypic) *'' Macroctopus'' Robson, 1928 (monotypic) *'' Macrotritopus'' Grimpe, 1922 (2 species) *''Octopus'' Cuvier, 1798 (99 species) *'' Paroctopus'' Naef, 1923 (3 species) *'' Pinnoctopus'' d'Orbigny, 1845 (2 species) *'' Pteroctopus'' P. Fischer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
