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Banda Bahadur
Banda Singh Bahadur, born Lachman Dev (27 October 1670 – 9 June 1716), was a Sikh warrior and a Jathedar, general of the Khalsa Fauj, Khalsa Army. At age 15, he left home to become an Sannyasa, ascetic, and was given the name Madho Das Bairagi. He established a monastery at Nanded, Nānded, on the bank of the river Godavari, Godāvarī. In 1707, Guru Gobind Singh accepted an invitation to meet Mughal emperor, Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah I in southern India, he visited Banda Singh Bahadur in 1708. Banda became disciple of Guru Gobind Singh and was given a new name, Gurbaksh Singh ''(as written in Mahan Kosh)'', after the baptism ceremony. He is popularly known as Banda Singh Bahadur. He was given five arrows by the Guru as a blessing for the battles ahead. He came to Khanda, Sonipat and assembled a fighting force and led the struggle against the Mughal Empire. His first major action was the sacking of the Mughal provincial capital, Samana, Punjab, Samana, in November 1709. Aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jathedar
A jathedar () is a leader of high regard chosen to head and ensure discipline within a jatha, a troop of Sikhs. In modern-times, the term is used to in-reference to leaders of Sikh spiritual organizations, such as any of the Panj Takhts. History During the early-to-mid 18th century, the term was used to refer to a leader of a Jatha. However, it began to be replaced by titles, such as ''Sardar'', due to Afghan influence from the mid-18th century onwards. The terms "jatha" and "jathedar" were revived during the Singh Sabha Movement to refer to "bands of preachers and choirs", an association which survives until the present-day. However, during the later Gurdwara Reform Movement, the terms began to take on a martial tone once again, resuscitating and harking back to the 18th century's context for the word. Jathedars of the Akal Takht # Gurdas Bhalla Usurped by Minas from 1640 to 1698 # Mani Singh # Darbara Singh # Kapur Singh Virk # Jassa Singh Ahluwalia # Phula S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Sadhaura
The Battle of Sadhaura was fought between Sikhs and the Mughal, Sayyid, and Shaykh forces in Sadhaura in 1710. The imperial forces were defeated and took refuge behind the city's walls. Banda's forces captured the fort and levelled it to the ground. It resulted in a victory for the Sikhs where Banda Singh Bahadur defeated Osman Khan. Background Sadhaura was ruled by Osman Khan, who had tortured and executed the Muslim Pir Syed Badruddin Shah (also known as Pir Budhu Shah), for helping Guru Gobind Singh in the Battle of Bhangani. And also for the atrocities committed against Hindus by Osman Khan where the cows were slaughtered in front of their homes and his order which forbade Hindus and Sikhs from cremating their dead and performing their religious events, which led the Sikhs to march to Sadhaura. Aftermath Osman Khan was captured and chastised. Many aggrieved peasants who wanted to revolt against the ruling elites joined the forces of Banda Singh Bahadur and thus, the angry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Gurdas Nangal
The Battle of Gurdas Nangal took place in April 1715 between the Sikhs, led by Banda Singh Bahadur, and the Mughal Army, led by Abd al-Samad Khan. Background Reports about the Sikhs reappearing and winning battles in Panjab kept arriving at the Delhi court, causing great worry among Emperor Farrukh Siyar and his ministers. Meanwhile, the Governor of Lahore, Abd-us-Samad Khan, did nothing about the situation. Instead, he moved south to the Lakhi Jungle to deal with a rebellion by the Bhatti Zamindars, likely to avoid clashing with Banda Singh Bahadur. On March 20, 1715, the Emperor sharply rebuked him and ordered several nobles, including Qamr-ud-Din Khan, Afrasiyab Khan, Muzaffar Khan, Raja Udet Singh Bundela, Raja Gopal Singh Bhadauriya, and many others from both Hindu and Muslim communities, to march with their forces to Punjab to reinforce Abd-us-Samad Khan's campaign against the Sikhs. The Emperor also sent orders to various local military officials in Panjab to jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Gurdaspur
The Battle of Gurdas Nangal took place in April 1715 between the Sikhs, led by Banda Singh Bahadur, and the Mughal Army, led by Abd al-Samad Khan. Background Reports about the Sikhs reappearing and winning battles in Panjab kept arriving at the Delhi court, causing great worry among Emperor Farrukh Siyar and his ministers. Meanwhile, the Governor of Lahore, Abd-us-Samad Khan, did nothing about the situation. Instead, he moved south to the Lakhi Jungle to deal with a rebellion by the Bhatti Zamindars, likely to avoid clashing with Banda Singh Bahadur. On March 20, 1715, the Emperor sharply rebuked him and ordered several nobles, including Qamr-ud-Din Khan, Afrasiyab Khan, Muzaffar Khan, Raja Udet Singh Bundela, Raja Gopal Singh Bhadauriya, and many others from both Hindu and Muslim communities, to march with their forces to Punjab to reinforce Abd-us-Samad Khan's campaign against the Sikhs. The Emperor also sent orders to various local military officials in Panjab to join ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Kiri Pathan (1714)
The Battle of Kiri Pathan was fought on 27 March 1714 by the Sikh forces led by Jagat Singh and the Mughal forces led by Uman Ghazi. Background After Banda Singh and his followers were forced to vacate Sadhaura and Lohgarh after a long and tiring siege, all the garrison commanders of small villages started to fight against the Sikhs and cause troubles towards them. Most of these commanders had gathered around at the village of Kiri Pathan. Because of this, all the Sikhs in Kahnuwan had all gathered under the leadership of Jagat Singh. Battle On 27 March 1714, the Sikhs attacked Uman Ghazi, the chief of the village Kiri Pathan at his own village. They entered the fort of the Pathans and managed to slay them in large numbers. An important commander named Muhamad Ishaq was killed in the course of the battle. Booty worth 60,000 rupees in cash which belonged to all the residents of the village and the neighbouring village all were plundered by the Sikhs. Aftermath 2 weeks af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Battle Of Lohgarh
The Second Battle of Lohgarh was fought in between 1712 or 1713 by Sikh forces led by Banda Singh Bahadur and Mughal forces led by Jahandar Shah. Background After the death of Bahadur Shah I, a civil war occurred between his sons. The eldest son, Jahandar Shah, won and became the emperor. Banda took full advantage of the opportunity and recaptured Sadaura. After this, he recaptured Lohgarh, where he remained undisturbed for about two months. The fort of Lohgarh was repaired and strengthened, and it became the capital of the Sikhs for almost two years. Jahandar Shah ordered Amin Khan to capture Banda Singh Bahadur and laid siege to Lohgarh, but he failed to capture the Sikh leader. Later, as the Emperor went to Agra to deal with Farrukh Siyar’s revolt (Farrukh Siyar being the son of his younger brother, Azim-us-Shan), Amin Khan was called to join him. On February 11, 1713, Jahandar Shah was defeated and killed, and Farrukh Siyar became Emperor. Soon after, Farrukh Siya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Jammu (1712)
The Battle of Jammu was fought between the Sikhs under the command of Banda Singh Bahadur against the Mughal Empire, Mughal forces near the hills of Jammu on 22 January 1712. The Mughals were able to achieve a victory against the Sikhs. Raja Dhruv Dev of Jammu supported the Mughals. Background After the killing of the Mughal commanders Shamas Khan and Bayazid Khan near Bahranpur, the Sikhs under Banda Singh Bahadur began occupying the cities of Pasrur and Aurangabad. The Mughal forces under the leadership of Rustamdil Khan, the commander-in-chief of the Sikh campaigns in Jammu, with the assistance of Muhammad Amin Khan Turani were able to defeat the Sikhs near Pasrur. They pursued the Sikhs to the hills of Jammu. Battle Muhammad Amin Khan soon joined both Rustamdil Khan and Aghar Khan and combined their forces in an attempt to encircle the Sikhs. However, the Sikhs were able to cut through the Mughal lines and escape. Rustamdil Khan then proceeded to commit atrocities on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Bilaspur (1711)
The Battle of Bilaspur was fought in 1711 by Sikh forces led by Banda Singh Bahadur and the rulers of the Sivalik Hills led by Raja Ajmer Chand of Princely State of Kahlur (Bilaspur). Battle After escaping from Lohgarh, Banda Singh set his plans in motion by issuing Hukamnamas that called upon people to rise up and free Punjab, instructing them to gather at Kiratpur in the Shivalik Hills. His campaign began with an assault on Raja Ajmer Chand—a man who had long been a persistent irritant to Guru Govind Singh and had played a major role in the military campaigns led by both the hill chiefs and the imperial forces from Sirhind and Lahore against the Guru, Raja Ajmer Chand, along with other local hill rulers, had taken measures to reinforce the city’s defenses in anticipation of conflict.Despite these preparations and the determined resistance led by Raja Ajmer Chand and his coalition of allies, the fortified position at Bilaspur could not withstand the forceful advance of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Lohgarh
The Battle of Lohgarh was fought between the Sikhs, and the Mughal Empire in 1710. The Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah's army moved towards Lohgarh, Bilaspur where they engaged with the Sikhs to capture the fort on 16 December 1710. The battle is noted for its use of guerrilla tactics and being a pitched battle. Background In January 1709, after defeating and killing his only surviving brother, Kam Bakhsh, Emperor Bahadur Shah dedicated about a year in the Deccan to organize his rule. However, as several Rajput princes rebelled in Rajasthan, he moved there in May 1710. While stationed in Ajmer, news of an uprising by the Sikhs in the Punjab reached him, compelling him to swiftly settle disputes with the Rajputs and set off for the Punjab by late June. His march was bolstered by prominent Hindu chiefs like Chatarsal Bundela and Udet Singh Bundela, while governors from regions such as Allahabad, Lucknow, Moradabad, Delhi, and even Sayyid Abdullah of Barah Sadat in Muzaffarnagar w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Rahon
The Battle of Rahon was fought between Sikhs and the Mughal Empire on 11 October 1710. Background Banda Singh Bahadur captured almost half of Punjab, east of Lahore and became the ruler of a region in eastern Punjab from river Indus to Satluj. This encouraged other local Sikhs who resided in districts of Jalandhar Doab, to pick up arms, appoint their own tehsildars and thanedars and considered themselves capable enough to face Shamas Khan, the faujdar of Jalandhar Doab. They addressed a letter to Shamas Khan demanding his submission and conveyance of all his treasure. Shamas, in an act of subterfuge, assumed a compliant disposition and sent a small consignment of goods hoping to placate the Sikhs, and in the meantime gathered his army and materials and advanced towards Rahon. Initially elated by Shamas' apparent submission, the Sikhs were disillusioned upon hearing the war preparations against them and decided to move their forces and call for reinforcements. Battle The Sikh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Bhilowal
The Battle of Bhilowal was fought in October 1710 by the Sikh forces led by Banda Singh Bahadur and the Mughal forces led by Mir Mohammad. Background In 1710 the Muslims of the Lahore province declared jihad on the Sikhs and led an expedition against the Sikhs called ''Haidri Jhanda'' (Flag of Haidar) to expel the entire Sikh population in one blow. The Mughals amassed an army of 50,000 while the Sikhs could only raise an army of around 20,000. The Mughal mujahedeen hoisted the Haidri flag. The Mughals had first besieged an army of the Sikhs in Kahnuwan but after a month of fighting were defeated. A Sikh contingent went to Bharatpur situated on the banks of the Ravi River and hid in a mansion of a Kshatriya named Bhagwant. A Mughal contingent found out about the Sikhs hideout and laid siege to the mansion. The Sikhs routed this contingent and took this as a chance to escape. The Mughals then put up camp at Bhilowal, soon planning to march towards Lahore. The Sikhs after findi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Thanesar (1710)
The Battle of Thanesar (1710) was one among a series of battles fought between Nawab Firuz Khan Mewati and Governor Binod Singh as he was ordered by the Mughal Imperial government to chastise the Sikh rebellion. Firuz Khan was sent in the vanguard while Sayyid Wajih-ud-din of the Sadaat-e-Bara was sent to reinforce him. It resulted in a victory for the Mughals as Nawab Firuz Khan Mewati cleared Thanesar, in northern India. Aftermath Firuz Khan after clearing Thanesar would move onto Shahabad Markanda, ten miles further to the north, which was also taken by the Mughals. Therefore, Firuz Khan won all four engagements with Binod Singh. Hundreds of Sikhs who were made prisoner were strung up by Firuz to the road-side trees, their long hair being twisted to perform the office of a rope. Firuz Khan was awarded the Faujdari of Sirhind. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Thanesar 1710 Thanesar Thanesar (IAST: Sthāṇvīśvara) is a historic city and Hindu pilgrimage sites, Hindu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
