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Bacillus Oleronius
''Bacillus oleronius'' is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the genus ''Bacillus''. However, ''Bacillus oleronius'' has Gram-positive cell wall components shared among all bacillus species (Lacey N, 2007). It was first described in 1995 and was found in the hindgut of the termite ''Reticulitermes flavipes''. It is also found in the human skin parasitic mite ''Demodex folliculorum'', and may be related to the development of a type of rosacea. This species has been recently transferred into the genus ''Heyndrickxia ''Heyndrickxia'' is a genus of gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria (except for ''Heyndrickxia'' ''sporothermodurans'', which stains gram-negative) in the family ''Bacillaceae'' within the order ''Bacillales''. The type species for this genus is '' ....'' The correct nomenclature is ''Heyndrickxia oleronia.'' See also *'' Bacillus marinus'' *'' Bacillus lentimorbus'' References External linksType strain of ''Bacillus oleronius'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacteri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner ( cytoplasmic) membrane and an outer membrane. These bacteria are found in all environments that support life on Earth. Within this category, notable species include the model organism '' Escherichia coli'', along with various pathogenic bacteria, such as '' Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', '' Chlamydia trachomatis'', and '' Yersinia pestis''. They pose significant challenges in the medical field due to their outer membrane, which acts as a protective barrier against numerous antibiotics (including penicillin), detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and the antimicrobial enzyme lysozyme produced by animals as part of their innate immune system. Furthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterium
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in mutualistic, commensal and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus
''Bacillus'', from Latin "bacillus", meaning "little staff, wand", is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli'' is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. ''Bacillus'' species can be either obligate aerobes which are dependent on oxygen, or facultative anaerobes which can survive in the absence of oxygen. Cultured ''Bacillus'' species test positive for the enzyme catalase if oxygen has been used or is present. ''Bacillus'' can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. The endospore of one species from Morocco is reported to have survived being heated to 420 °C. Endospore formation is usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termite
Termites are a group of detritivore, detritophagous Eusociality, eusocial cockroaches which consume a variety of Detritus, decaying plant material, generally in the form of wood, Plant litter, leaf litter, and Humus, soil humus. They are distinguished by their moniliform antennae and the soft-bodied, unpigmented worker caste for which they have been commonly termed "white ants"; however, they are not ants but highly Apomorphy and synapomorphy, derived cockroaches. About 2,997 extant species are currently described, 2,125 of which are members of the family Termitidae. Termites comprise the infraorder Isoptera, or alternatively the Taxonomic rank#All ranks, epifamily Termitoidae, within the order Blattodea (the cockroaches). Termites were once classified in a separate Order (biology), order from cockroaches, but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from cockroaches, as they are deeply nested within the group, and the sister group to wood-eating cockroaches of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reticulitermes Flavipes
''Reticulitermes flavipes'', the eastern subterranean termite, is the most common termite found in North America. These termites are the most economically important wood destroying insects in the United States and are classified as Pest (organism), pests. They feed on cellulose material such as the structural wood in buildings, wooden fixtures, paper, books, and cotton. A mature colony (biology), colony can range from 20,000 workers to as high as 5 million workers and the primary Termite#Reproduction, queen of the Colony (biology), colony lays 5,000 to 10,000 Egg (biology), eggs per year to add to this total. Distribution The eastern subterranean termite (''R. flavipes'') is the most widely distributed ''Reticulitermes'' species. It occurs throughout the eastern United States, including Texas, and can be found as far north as southern Ontario, Canada, Ontario. In 2006, ''R. flavipes'' was also recorded in Oregon, on the West coast of the United States. ''Reticulitermes santonensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are Predation, predators or Parasitism, parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy Mites are not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demodex Folliculorum
''Demodex folliculorum'' is a microscopic mite that can survive only on the skin of humans. Most people host ''D.folliculorum'' on their skin particularly on the face, where sebaceous glands are most concentrated. Usually, the mites do not cause any harm, so are considered an example of commensalism rather than parasitism; but they can cause disease, known as demodicosis. Anatomy Due to being adapted to live inside hair follicles, ''D. folliculorum'' is thin and worm-like, with short legs. As an adult, ''D.folliculorum'' measures long. Adults have four pairs of legs; larvae and nymphs have only three pairs. ''D.folliculorum'' has a rudimentary gut but lacks an anus, so waste accumulates within the body until it dies. Reproduction and life cycle The entire life cycle of ''D.folliculorum'' takes 14–16 days. Adult mites copulate at the top of the hair follicle, near the skin surface. Eggs are deposited in the sebaceous gland inside the hair follicle. The heart-shaped egg is l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosacea
Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. It results in redness, pimples, swelling, and small and superficial dilated blood vessels. Often, the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin are most involved. A red, enlarged nose may occur in severe disease, a condition known as rhinophyma. The cause of rosacea is unknown. Risk factors are believed to include a family history of the condition. Factors that may potentially worsen the condition include heat, exercise, sunlight, cold, spicy food, alcohol, menopause, psychological stress, or steroid cream on the face. Diagnosis is based on symptoms. While not curable, treatment usually improves symptoms. Treatment is typically with metronidazole, doxycycline, minocycline, or tetracycline. When the eyes are affected, azithromycin eye drops may help. Other treatments with tentative benefit include brimonidine cream, ivermectin cream, and isotretinoin. Dermabrasion or laser surgery may also be used. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heyndrickxia
''Heyndrickxia'' is a genus of gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria (except for ''Heyndrickxia'' ''sporothermodurans'', which stains gram-negative) in the family ''Bacillaceae'' within the order ''Bacillales''. The type species for this genus is '' Heyndrickxia oleronia.'' Members of ''Heyndrickxia'' were originally assigned to the genus ''Bacillus.'' The polyphyletic nature and unclear evolutionary relationships of the genus ''Bacillus'' has long been a topic in the scientific community. It was composed of many unrelated species with a diverse range of biochemical characteristics due to the vague criteria (such as the ability to form endospores under aerobic conditions) used to assign species to this genus. Multiple phylogenetic studies and comparative genomic analyses have been conducted to clarify the taxonomy of genus, resulting in the restriction of ''Bacillus'' to only include species closely related to ''Bacillus subtilis'' and ''Bacillus cereus'', and the establishment of man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Marinus
''Jeotgalibacillus marinus'' is a bacterium used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture Horticulture (from ) is the art and science of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, trees, shrubs and ornamental plants. Horticulture is commonly associated with the more professional and technical aspects of plant cultivation on a smaller and mo .... References Bacillales Bacteria described in 2010 {{Bacilli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus Lentimorbus
''Bacillus lentimorbus'' is a Gram-positive bacterium used as a soil or plant inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. It is the causative agent of Milky disease in some scarab beetle larvae.Karen E. Rippere, Monique T. Tran, Allan A. Yousten, Khidir H. Hilu and Michael G. KleinBacillus popilliae and Bacillus lentimorbus, bacteria causing milky disease in Japanese beetles and related scarab larvae International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (1998), 48, 395-402 See also *'' Bacillus oleronius'' *''Bacillus pumilus ''Bacillus pumilus'' is a Gram-positive, Aerobic organism, aerobic, spore-forming bacillus commonly found in soil. ''Bacillus pumilus'' spores—with the exception of mutant strain ATCC 7061—generally show high resistance to environmental stre ...'' *'' Bacillus marinus'' References Further reading * * lentimorbus {{Bacilli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
