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Autorail à Grande Capacité
The Autorail à Grande Capacité (literally, high-capacity railcar) or AGC is a category of multiple unit train built at Bombardier Transportation's plant in Crespin for the French rail operator SNCF. The train comes in three variants, electric, diesel or dual-mode. This train was first operated in 2004. It was created at the request of the regional railways of France, and has been very successful, with SNCF acquiring over 700 units. The AGC is designed to be modular, and regions can choose to create trains of 2 to 4 cars, in theory. So far, all trains built have had 3 or 4 cars. As well, the interior design is also modular, and regions can choose to include features such as first class seating, a bar area, ski racks, and other amenities for their fleet. The Romanian company Remarul 16 Februarie has signed a contract with Bombardier in November 2010, for the purchase of a licence for manufacturing the AGC in Romania at Cluj-Napoca. Under the contract, Remarul will excl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNCF ZGC Part-Dieu
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffic along with that of Monaco, including the TGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries SNCF Voyageurs and Rail Logistics Europe), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (SNCF Réseau). The railway network consists of about of route, of which are high-speed lines and electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. In 2010 the SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the ''Fortune'' Global 500 list. It is the main business of the SNCF Group, which in 2020 had €30 billion of sales in 120 countries. The SNCF Group employs more than 275,000 employees in France and around the world. Since July 2013, the SNCF Group headquarters are located in a Parisian suburb at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNCF Class B 81500
The B 81500 (often called BGC) is a class of bi-mode multiple units built by Bombardier for SNCF and used on the TER network in France. They are primarily used on suburban and regional services. It has been in operation since 2005 on the TER Aquitaine, TER Bourgogne, TER Centre, TER Champagne-Ardenne, TER Languedoc-Roussillon, TER Limousin, TER Midi-Pyrénées, TER PACA, TER Pays de la Loire, and TER Rhône-Alpes lines. The Class B 81500 trains are composed of four or five cars, and have a capacity of around 300 passengers. They feature air-conditioning, comfortable seating, and are equipped with power outlets and onboard passenger information systems. They are designed to be accessible to passengers with reduced mobility, with features such as wheelchair ramps and audio announcements. The trains are capable of operating on diesel power as well as a 1.5 kV DC electricity supply Mains electricity, utility power, grid power, domestic power, wall power, household cur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorraine (region)
Lorraine, also , ; ; Lorrain language, Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; ; ; is a cultural and historical region in Eastern France, now located in the Regions of France, administrative region of Grand Est. Its name stems from the medieval kingdom of Lotharingia (855–959 AD), which in turn was named after either Emperor Lothair I or King Lothair II. Lorraine, originally the southern or "upper" part of this kingdom, came to be ruled by the Holy Roman Empire as the Duchy of Lorraine before the Kingdom of France annexed it in 1766. From 1982 until January 2016, Lorraine was an administrative region of France. In 2016, under a reorganisation, it became part of the new region Grand Est. As a region in modern France, Lorraine consisted of the four Departments of France, departments Meurthe-et-Moselle, Meuse (department), Meuse, Moselle (department), Moselle and Vosges (department), Vosges (from a historical point of view the Haute-Marne department is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basse-Normandie
Lower Normandy (, ; ) is a former administrative region of France. On 1 January 2016, Lower and Upper Normandy merged becoming one region called Normandy. Geography The region included three departments, Calvados, Manche and Orne, that cover the part of Normandy traditionally termed "Lower Normandy" lying west of the river Dives, the Pays d'Auge (except a small part remaining in Upper Normandy), a small part of the Pays d'Ouche (the main part remaining in Upper Normandy), the Norman Perche, and part of the "French" Perche. It covers 10,857 km2, 3.2 percent of the surface area of France.(Northcutt, 1996, p. 181) The traditional districts of Lower Normandy include the Cotentin Peninsula and La Hague, the Campagne de Caen, the Norman Bocage, the Bessin, and the Avranchin. History :''Regions relating to Lower Normandy: Gallia Lugdunensis, Neustria, and Normandy.'' The traditional province of Normandy, with an integral history reaching back to the 10th century, was divid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lounge Car
A lounge car (sometimes referred to as a buffet lounge, buffet car, club car or grill car) is a type of passenger car on a train, in which riders can purchase food and drinks. The car may feature large windows and comfortable train seats to create a relaxing diversion from standard coach or dining options. In earlier times (and especially on the "name" trains), a lounge car was more likely to have a small kitchen, or grill and a limited menu. Food was prepared to order and often cooked, though items such as club sandwiches would have usually been part of the offerings. The cars were often operated by the Pullman Company, and in other cases by the railroad directly as part of the dining car department (on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway the Fred Harvey Company operated the food concession). Lounge cars operated by Pullman were exclusively for the use of sleeping car passengers, while those operated by the railroad were available to coach as well as first-class travelers. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect. This contributes to climate change. Carbon dioxide (), from burning fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, oil, and natural gas, is the main cause of climate change. The top contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, largest annual emissions are from China followed by the United States. The United States has List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita, higher emissions per capita. The main producers fueling the emissions globally are Big Oil, large oil and gas companies. Emissions from human activities have increased Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere, atmospheric carbon dioxide by about 50% over pre-industrial levels. The growing levels of emissions have varied, but have been consistent among all greenhouse gases. Emissions in the 2010s averaged 56 billion tons a year, higher than any decade before. Total cumulative emissions from 1870 to 2022 were 703 (2575 ), of which 484±20 (177 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantograph (transport)
A pantograph (or "pan" or "panto") is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train, tram or trolley buses to collect power through contact with an overhead line. The term stems from the resemblance of some styles to the mechanical pantographs used for copying handwriting and drawings. The pantograph is a common type of current collector; typically, a single or double wire is used, with the return current running through the Rail profile, rails. Other types of current collectors include the bow collector and the trolley pole. Invention The pantograph, with a low-friction, replaceable graphite contact strip or "current collector, shoe" to minimise lateral stress on the contact wire, first appeared in the late 19th century. Early versions include the bow collector, invented in 1889 by Walter Reichel, chief engineer at Siemens & Halske in Germany, and a flat slide-pantograph first used in 1895 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The familiar diamond-shaped roller ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dual-mode Locomotive
An electro-diesel locomotive (also referred to as a dual-mode or bi-mode locomotive) is a type of locomotive that can be powered either from an electricity supply (like an electric locomotive) or by using the onboard diesel engine (like a diesel-electric locomotive). For the most part, these locomotives are built to serve regional, niche markets with a very specific purpose. Overview Electro-diesel locomotives are used to provide continuous journeys along routes that are only partly electrified without a change of locomotive, avoid extensive running of diesel under overhead electrical wires and giving a solution where diesel engines are banned. They may be designed or adapted mainly for electric use, mainly for diesel use or to work well as either electric or diesel. In most cases, electro-diesel locomotives use diesel–electric transmission and the same traction electric motors when moving in both autonomous and electric mode, although with different power. However, locom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNCF Class Z 27500
The Z 27500 is a type of dual-voltage electric multiple unit trainset for the French National Railway Company (SNCF) intended to the TER network (French commuter rail). The train is the electric variant of Bombardier AGC, often referred to as ZGC. It the most important fleet of all other AGC variants. It is capable of operating on a or electricity supply. A total of 211 trainsets have been built by Canadian conglomerate Bombardier at its factory in Crespin (near Valenciennes, France) since 2005. The first set (Z 27503/27504) was placed into regular passenger service on 24 March 2005, for the Basse-Normandie region. Design Bombardier vehicle design is articulated using bogies between carriages. The Z 27500 are available in three or four-car unit. The train can be operated as a multiple-unit control with up to three units, with other Z 27500 or the dual-mode version Diesel/ ( B 81500). The train is equipped with 2 pantographs on the intermediate car. Their capacit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SNCF Class X 76500
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffic along with that of Monaco, including the TGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries SNCF Voyageurs and Rail Logistics Europe), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (SNCF Réseau). The railway network consists of about of route, of which are high-speed lines and electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. In 2010 the SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the ''Fortune'' Global 500 list. It is the main business of the SNCF Group, which in 2020 had €30 billion of sales in 120 countries. The SNCF Group employs more than 275,000 employees in France and around the world. Since July 2013, the SNCF Group headquarters are located in a Parisian suburb at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TER Champagne Ardenne
TER Champagne Ardenne was the regional rail network serving the former Champagne-Ardenne région of France. In 2016 it was merged into the new TER Grand Est. TER Network Rail Bus * Châlons-en-Champagne – Vitry-le-François * Château-Thierry – Montmirail – Esternay – Sézanne * Chaumont – Clairvaux * Culmont– Chalindrey – Gray * Liart – Laon * Sedan – Carignan – La Ferté-sur-Chiers * Troyes – Laroche-Migennes * Ville-sous-la-Ferté – Bar-sur-Aube – Vendeuvre * Troyes – Châlons-en-Champagne – Reims – Charleville-Mézières (provided by TransChampagneArdenne and not TER Champagne-Ardenne) Rolling stock Multiple units * SNCF Class Z 11500 * SNCF Class X 4300 * SNCF Class X 72500 * SNCF Class X 73500 * SNCF Class X 76500 (Also called: XGC 76500) * SNCF Class B 81500 (Also called: BGC B 81500) Locomotives * BB 16500 * BB 66400 In Order * SNCF Class Z 27500 (Also called: ZGC Z 27500) See also *SNCF *Transport expre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
