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Aundh Experiment
The Aundh Experiment was an early test of village-level self-government in British India which began in 1938 in Aundh State in present-day Maharashtra. Mohandas Gandhi, and Maurice Frydman helped to draft the November Declaration, which handed over rule of Aundh State from the Raja to the residents, and became law in the Swaraj Constitution of Aundh in 1939. The Aundh Experiment was an unusual idea in pre-independence India, where the rulers of princely states were loath to hand over their power.Allen, pp. 314-5. Development and ratification At the time, Aundh was a princely state in British India, ruled by generations of Rajas since 1699. Unlike the Provinces of India, which were ruled directly by the British government, the princely states had a certain degree of autonomy—with each state making its own treaty with the British Monarch. In 1938, the ruler of Aundh, Raja Bhavanrao Srinivasrao, was approached by Frydman (also known as Swami Bharatananda), a Polish engineer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-government
__NOTOC__ Self-governance, self-government, or self-rule is the ability of a person or group to exercise all necessary functions of regulation without intervention from an external authority. It may refer to personal conduct or to any form of institution, such as family units, social groups, affinity groups, legal bodies, industry bodies, religions, and political entities of various degree. Self-governance is closely related to various philosophical and socio-political concepts such as autonomy, independence, self-control, self-discipline, and sovereignty. In the context of nation states, self-governance is called national sovereignty which is an important concept in international law. In the context of administrative division, a self-governing territory is called an autonomous region. Self-governance is also associated with political contexts in which a population or demographic becomes independent from colonial rule, absolute government, absolute monarchy or any g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achyut Patwardhan
Achyut Patwardhan (5 February 1905 – 5 August 1992) was an Indian independence activist and political leader and founder of the Socialist Party of India. He was also a philosopher who believed fundamental change in society begins with man himself. Early life Achyut's father, Hari Keshav Patwardhan, was a prosperous legal practitioner at Ahmednagar. He had six sons of whom Achyut was the second. When Achyut was a boy of four years, Sitaram Patwardhan, a retired Deputy Educational Inspector, adopted him. Sitaram died in 1917, leaving considerable property for Achyut. After finishing his primary and secondary education at Ahmednagar, Achyut passed the B. A. and M. A. examination from the Central Hindu College of Benares. His subject was economics and he obtained a first class. Achyut's own and adoptive fathers were both Theosophists and, therefore, he was sent to the college founded by Dr. Annie Besant. He was in contact with Dr. G. S. Arundale, the Theosophist Principal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Satara District
Satara district (Marathi pronunciation: aːt̪aɾaː is a district of Maharashtra state in western India with an area of and a population of 3,003,741 of which 14.17% were urban (). Satara is the capital of the district and other major towns include Medha, Wai, Karad, Koregaon, Maan, Koynanagar, Rahimatpur, Phaltan, Mahabaleshwar, Vaduj and Panchgani. This district comes under Pune Administrative Division along with Pune, Sangli, Solapur and Kolhapur. The district of Pune bounds it to the north, Raigad bounds it to the north-west, Solapur the east, Sangli to the south, and Ratnagiri to the west. The Sahyadri range, or main range of the Western Ghats, runs north and south along the western edge of the district, separating it from Ratnagiri District. The Mahadeo range starts about 10 m. north of Mahabaleshwar and stretches east and south-east across the whole of the district. The Mahadeo hills are bold, presenting bare scarps of black rock like fortresses. The Satara distric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state in the western region of India. It is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area. The region that comprises the state has a long history dating back to ca. 1300–700 BCE, although the present-day state was not established until 1960 CE. Prior to Indian independence, notable dynasties and entities that ruled the region include, in chronological order, the Maurya, the Western Satraps, the Satavahana dynasty, Rashtrakuta dynasty, Western Chalukya Empire, Western Chalukyas, the Bahmani Sultanate, Bahamanis, Deccan sultanates, Mughal Empire, Mughals, the Maratha Empire founded by Shivaji, and the British Raj, British. Ruins, monuments, Tomb, tombs, forts, and places of worship left by these rulers are dotted around the state. At the time of the Indian independence movement in the early 20th century, along with British ruled areas of Bombay presidency, and Central Provinces and Berar. The region included many British princely states, vass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939 In India
Events in the year 1939 in India. Incumbents * Emperor of India – George VI * Viceroy of India – Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow Events * National income - 31,845 million * World War II breaks out and political dead lock in India * 2 January – The Muslim League at Patna disapproves the Federation scheme which has already been disapproved by Congress. * 29 January – Subhas Chandra Bose is reelected president of Congress at Bombay (a victory for opponents of Federation). * 22 February – Thirteen right-wing members of the working committee, including Pandit Nehru, resign from Congress. * 3 March – In Bombay, Mohandas Gandhi begins to fast in protest of the autocratic rule in India. * 12 March – Congress at Tripuri passes a resolution of adherence to the party of Gandhi. * 29 April – S. C. Bose resigns as president of Congress and is succeeded by Rajendra Prasad. * 1 May – New Congress working committee announced. * 3 May – S. C. Bose announces the formatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Independence Movement In Maharashtra
Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asian ethnic groups, referring to people of the Indian subcontinent, as well as the greater South Asia region prior to the 1947 partition of India * Anglo-Indians, people with mixed Indian and British ancestry, or people of British descent born or living in the Indian subcontinent * East Indians, a Christian community in India Europe * British Indians, British people of Indian origin The Americas * Indo-Canadians, Canadian people of Indian origin * Indian Americans, American people of Indian origin * Indigenous peoples of the Americas, the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas and their descendants ** Plains Indians, the common name for the Native Americans who lived on the Great Plains of North America ** Native Americans in the Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apa Pant
Appasaheb Pant (1912-1992), also known as Apa Pant, Appa Pant, Appa Sahib Pant, Appsaheb Balasaheb Pant, Parashuram-rao Pant (Parashuram being his first name), was an Indian diplomat, Prince of Aundh, Gandhian, writer and freedom fighter. A philosopher by nature and a mystic at heart, who served for over forty years as a career diplomat for the Indian Government. He served as the Indian Commissioner at various African countries such as Kenya, Uganda, Tanganyika, Zanzibar, Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia, Nyasaland and the Belgian colony of the Congo and, later, as the Indian ambassador to countries like Indonesia, Norway, Egypt, United Kingdom and Italy.He also served as the Political Officer for India in the Kingdom of Sikkim . The Government of India honoured him in 1954, with the award of Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award for his contributions to the society, placing him among the first recipients of the award. Biography Appa Sahib Bala Saheb Pant was b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharada Dwivedi
Sharada Dwivedi (शारदा द्विवेदी),( 1942 – 6 February 2012) was an Indian author, historian and researcher. She wrote several books on the history and culture of both India and Mumbai (formerly Bombay). She was on the panel on the Mumbai Heritage Conservation Committee. Among her most famous work was ''Bombay, the Cities Within'' (1995). She had great fascination for Victorian-era Mumbai and later in her life, she developed a great affection for the city's art deco stylings. Education Sharada Dwivedi completed her schooling at Queen Mary School, Mumbai, in Mumbai, and then graduated from the Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics from the University of Mumbai. She follow this with a degree in Library Science from the same university and with training in reference work in Paris. Conservation work Dwivedi was involved in several conservation projects in Mumbai and served as a member of the Mumbai Heritage Conservation Committee. She was a membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Allen (writer)
Charles Robin Allen (2 January 1940 – 16 August 2020) was a British freelance writer and popular historian from London. His British parents were both born in India and his numerous works focus on the British Raj. Biography Charles Allen was born in Kanpur, India, where six generations of his family served under the British Raj. His father was a political officer on the North East Frontier. When Allen was four years old his father, Geoffrey St G.T. Allen was appointed Assistant Political Officer on the Balipara Frontier Tract in Assam, India. For several years the family lived at Sadiay, on the banks of the Brahmaputra River. It was here that Allen met the various tribesmen, mostly Abor and Mishmi warriors, that came down from the hills. Later when Allen had returned to England he heard about the exploits of his great grandfather, Colonel St G. C. Gore, Surveyor-General of India from 1899 to 1904, who had spent a lot of time in the Himalayas. Allen also met Colonel Kenneth Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swadeshi Movement
The Swadeshi movement was a self-sufficiency movement that was part of the Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged ... and contributed to the development of Indian nationalism. Before the BML Government's decision for the Partition of Bengal (1905), partition of Bengal was made public in December 1903, there was a lot of growing discontentment among the Indians. In response the Swadeshi movement was formally started from Town Hall Calcutta on 7 August 1905 to curb foreign goods by relying on domestic production. Mahatma Gandhi described it as the soul of swaraj (self-rule). The movement took its vast size and shape after rich Indians donated money and land dedicated to Khadi and Gramodyog societies which started cloth production in every household. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarvodaya
Sarvōdaya ( hi, सर्वोदय '' sarv-'' "all", ''uday'' "rising") is a Sanskrit term which generally means "universal uplift" or "progress of all". The term was used by Mahatma Gandhi as the title of his 1908 translation of John Ruskin's critique of political economy, '' Unto This Last'', and Gandhi came to use the term for the ideal of his own political philosophy. Later Gandhians, like the Indian nonviolence activist Vinoba Bhave, embraced the term as a name for the social movement in post-independence India which strove to ensure that self-determination and equality reached all strata of Indian society. Samantabhadra, an illustrious Digambara monk, as early as the 2nd century A.D., called the ''tīrtha'' of ''Mahāvīra'' (24th Tirthankara) by the name ''sarvodaya''. Origins and Gandhi's political ideal Gandhi received a copy of Ruskin's ''Unto This Last'' from a British friend, Mr. Henry Polak, while working as a lawyer in South Africa in 1904. In his ''Autobiogr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opposition To The Partition Of India
Opposition to the partition of India was widespread in British India in the 20th century and it continues to remain a talking point in South Asian politics. Those who opposed it often adhered to the doctrine of composite nationalism. The Hindu, Christian, Anglo-Indian, Parsi and Sikh communities were largely opposed to the partition of India (and its underlying two-nation theory), as were many Muslims (these were represented by the All India Azad Muslim Conference). Pashtun politician and Indian independence activist Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan of the Khudai Khidmatgar viewed the proposal to partition India as un-Islamic and contradicting a common history in which Muslims considered India as their homeland for over a millennium. Mahatma Gandhi opined that "Hindus and Muslims were sons of the same soil of India; they were brothers who therefore must strive to keep India free and united." Sunni Muslims of the Deobandi school of thought "criticized the idea of Pakistan as being the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
