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Atämaz
Atämaz () was a Moxel prince of 13th-century. He was the son of Kanazor (King) Puresh and brother of Queen Narchat. History In 1230 Purgaz laid siege to Nizhny Novgorod but was defeated. After that the son of Puresh with his Polovtsi allies raided into Purgaz's lands and completely destroyed his kingdom. Legend See also * Mokshas * Köten * Battle of Legnica * Mongol invasion of Rus' * Mongol invasion of Europe From the 1220s to the 1240s, the Mongol Empire, Mongols conquered the Turkic peoples, Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania and Iranian peoples, Iranian state of Alania, and various principalities in Eastern Europe. Following this, they began ... * History of Mokshaland * History of Middle Volga Area Literature * Based on British Library MS Royal 14.C.XIII Fol. 225r-236r and thus ends prematurely. ''Opus Majus'', Volume Iin the Internet Archive – original text in Latin (includinPart IV, ed. by John Henry Bridges, 1900. * * References 1241 deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narchat
Narchat, Narchatka, Naricha () was a Moksha Queen,Лебедев В. И. Загадочный город Мохши, Пенза, 1958, p.15 ruler of Mukhsha Ulus. She was daughter and successor of king Puresh and sister of Atämaz. Historical personality Russian professor from Penza State Pedagogical University Vitaliy Lebedev wrote: Doctor of Sciences Dmitriy Madurov of Chuvash state Institute of Humanities writes: Indeed, it is known the Burtas had been ruled by elders. Narchat in coinage Ethnographer Vladimir Aunovsky wrote that he encountered coins with Narchatka portrait in traditional Moksha woman's headdress and they say: "This is our queen". These coins are called mordovkas in slang, or silver coins type A as they are described by Bogdan Zaikovsky with inscription in Moksha language in Greek Uncial script ( 'goes only for half Oka (gold coin name)') and might be dated as 4-8th century AD. Triangle coins, pre-Mongolian silver ''Valfs'', 22x23 mm size, with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mokshas
The Mokshas (also ''Mokshans'', ''Moksha people''; ) comprise a Mordvins, Mordvinian ethnic group belonging to the Volga Finns, Volgaic branch of the Finno-Ugric peoples. They live in Russia, mostly near the Volga and Moksha (river), Moksha rivers, a tributary of the Oka (river), Oka River. Their native language is Moksha language, Mokshan, one of the two surviving members of the Mordvinic languages, Mordvinic branch of the Uralic language family. According to a List of Russian censuses, 1994 Russian census, 49% of the autochthonal Volga Finns, Finnic population in Mordovia identified themselves as Mokshas, totaling more than 180,000 people. Most Mokshas belong to the Russian Orthodox Church; other religions practised by Mokshas include Lutheranism and paganism. Name William of Rubruck, the Franciscan friar whom King Louis IX of France sent as an ambassador to the Mongols in the 1250s, called them "Moxel". The same term appears in the Persian/Arabic 14th-century Jami' al-tawar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puresh
Puresh () was a Moksha ruler of Mukhsha Ulus in Middle Volga. History In the 1230s, the Erzyan King Purgaz and the Mokshan King Puresh were at war and while Purgaz was allied with Volga Bulgaria, Puresh was an ally of Grand Prince Yuri II of Vladimir. Legend See also * Mongol invasion of Rus' * Mongol invasion of Europe From the 1220s to the 1240s, the Mongol Empire, Mongols conquered the Turkic peoples, Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania and Iranian peoples, Iranian state of Alania, and various principalities in Eastern Europe. Following this, they began ... References 1241 deaths Assassinated nobility 13th-century soldiers Military strategists 13th-century monarchs in Europe People murdered in Poland Moksha people {{europe-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purgaz
Purgaz or Inäzor Purgaz (, , ''Purgas'') was an Erzän leader in the first half of the 13th century. He was a Grand Duke (''inäzor'') of the Erzän Principality of Purgaz. Being an ally of Volga Bulgaria, he resisted easterly Slavic expansion of Suzdalian Rus forces into the region. In later times, he became a symbol of Erzän independence and a figure of legend. Life Purgaz was named in the Russian chronicles several times. In January, 1229 his army repulsed a raid of the Russian princes Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, Vasily Konstantinovich and Vsevolod Konstantinovich. Then Purgaz defeated the Mokshan prince, Puresh In April, 1229 he tried to regain Nizhny Novgorod from the hands of Zalesyean Rus', which was formerly the Erzyan settlement of Obran Osh. His troops burned down the settlement, but the citadel stayed safe. Several months later he was defeated by Puresh. During Purgaz's reign his land noted an influx of Ruthenian Slavic peasants into it. In the summer of 123 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongol Invasion Of Europe
From the 1220s to the 1240s, the Mongol Empire, Mongols conquered the Turkic peoples, Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania and Iranian peoples, Iranian state of Alania, and various principalities in Eastern Europe. Following this, they began their invasion into Central Europe by launching a two-pronged invasion of History of Poland during the Piast dynasty, then-fragmented Poland, culminating in the Battle of Legnica (9 April 1241), and the Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301), Kingdom of Hungary, culminating in the Battle of Mohi (11 April 1241). Invasions were also launched into the Caucasus against the Kingdom of Georgia, the Chechens, the Ingush people, Ingush, and Circassia though they Mongol invasion of Circassia, failed to fully subjugate the latter. More invasions were launched in Southeast Europe against Second Bulgarian Empire, Bulgaria, Croatia in personal union with Hungary, Croatia, and the Latin Empire. The operations were planned by General Subutai (1175–1248) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Strategists
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstruction, pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Soldiers
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCI) through December 31, 1300 (MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258) and the destruction of the House of Wisdom. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent, while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conquest led by Bakhtiyar Khilji. The earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia formed during this century, most notably Samudera Pasai. The Kingdoms of Sukhothai and Hanthawaddy would emerge and go on to dominate their surrounding territories. Europe entered the apex of the High Middle Ages, characterized by rapid legal, cultural, and religious evol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assassinated Royalty
Assassination is the willful killing, by a sudden, secret, or planned attack, of a personespecially if Very important person, prominent or important. It may be prompted by political, ideological, religious, financial, or military Motive (law), motives. Assassinations are ordered by both individuals and organizations, and are carried out by their accomplices. Acts of assassination have been performed since Ancient history, ancient times. A person who carries out an assassination is called an assassin. Etymology ''Assassin'' comes from the Italian and French Assissini, believed to derive from the word ''hashshashin'' (), and shares its etymological roots with ''hashish'' ( or ; from ').''The Assassins: a radical sect in Islam'' – Bernard Lewis, pp. 11–12 It referred to a group of Nizari Isma'ilism, Nizari Ismailis known as the Order of Assassins who worked against various political targets. Founded by Hassan-i Sabbah, the Assassins were active in the Near East from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1241 Deaths
Year 1241 ( MCCXLI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events * March 18 – Battle of Chmielnik ( Mongol invasion of Poland): The Mongols overwhelm the feudal Polish armies of Sandomierz and Kraków provinces, and plunder the abandoned city of Kraków. * April 9 – Battle of Legnica: The Mongols, under the command of Baidar, Kadan and Orda Khan, defeat the feudal Polish nobility, including the Knights Templar. * April 11 – Battle of Mohi: Batu Khan and Subutai defeat Béla IV of Hungary. The battle is the last major event in the Mongol Invasion of Europe. * May – Battle of Giglio: an Imperial fleet defeats a Genoan fleet in the Tyrrhenian Sea. * May 10 – Battle of Cameirge in Ulster: The Milesian Irish septs of the Ó Dónaills from Donegal, the Ó Néills from Armagh and the Ó Dochartaighs of Connacht defeat the last Tuatha Dé Danann sept, the Meic Lochlainn of Tír Eoghain and Inishowen under Domhnall mac M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga Region
The Volga region, known as the ( , ; rus, Поволжье, r=Povolžje, p=pɐˈvoɫʐje; ), is a historical region in Russia that encompasses the drainage basin of the Volga River, the longest river in Europe, in central and southern European Russia. The Volga region is culturally separated into three sections: * Upper Volga Region – from the Volga River's source in Tver Oblast to the mouth of the Oka River in Nizhny Novgorod; * Middle Volga Region – from the mouth of the Oka River to the mouth of the Kama River south of Kazan; * Lower Volga Region – from the mouth of the Kama River to the Volga Delta in the Caspian Sea, in Astrakhan Oblast. The geographic boundaries of the region are vague, and the term ''Volga region'' is used to refer primarily to the Middle and Lower sections, which are included in the Volga Federal District and Volga economic region. Geography The Volga Region is almost entirely within the East European Plain, with a notable distinction contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukhsha Ulus
Mukhsha Ulus (), or Naruchat Duchy (), was a subdivision of Golden Horde located in modern-day Mordovia, Penza Oblast and Tambov Oblast of Russia. It existed from the 13th to 15th centuries with its capital in Mukhsha. The bulk of its territory was situated between the rivers Sura and Tsna. Mordvins and Burtas previously lived in the region. After the Mongol invasions, the population was mainly Mişär Tatars, and Moksha Mordvins. From 1313 to 1367, the district coined its own money. The population was mostly agricultural. Some were cattle-breeders and craftsmen. In 1360, Tağay Beg conquered the ''ulus'' and it became a semi-independent duchy. In 1367, Mamai conquered that duchy. At the end of 14th century, the duchy declined, and at the beginning of the 15th century, the Russians Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Legnica
The Battle of Legnica (), also known as the Battle of Liegnitz () or Battle of Wahlstatt (), was fought between the Mongol Empire and combined European forces at the village of Legnickie Pole (''Wahlstatt''), approximately southeast of the city of Legnica in the Duchy of Silesia on 9 April 1241. A combined force of Poles and Moravians under the command of Duke Henry II the Pious of Silesia, supported by feudal nobility and a few knights from military orders sent by Pope Gregory IX, attempted to halt the Mongol invasion of Poland. The battle took place two days before the Mongol victory over the Hungarians at the much larger Battle of Mohi. Historical disputations As with many historical battles, the exact details of force composition, tactics, and the actual course of the battle are lacking and sometimes contradictory. The general historical view is that it was a crushing defeat for the Polish and Moravian forces where they suffered heavy casualties. One of the Mong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
