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Asiatic Salamander
The Asiatic salamanders (family Hynobiidae) are primitive salamanders found all over Asia, and in European Russia. They are closely related to the giant salamanders (family Cryptobranchidae), with which they form the suborder Cryptobranchoidea. About half of hynobiids currently described are endemic to Japan, but their range also covers parts of China, Russia, Afghanistan and Iran. Hynobiid salamanders practice external fertilization, or spawning. And, unlike other salamander families which reproduce internally, male hynobiids focus on egg sacs rather than females during breeding. The female lays two egg sacs at a time, each containing up to 70 eggs. Parental care is common. A few species have very reduced lungs, or no lungs at all. Larvae can sometimes have reduced external gills if they live in cold and very oxygen-rich water. Fossils of hynobiids are known from the Miocene to the present in Asia and Eastern Europe, though fossils of Cryptobranchoids more closely related to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hynobius Fossigenus
''Hynobius fossigenus'' is a species of salamander in the family Asiatic salamander, Hynobiidae, and is found in some Prefectures of Japan, prefectures in Kantō region, Kantō and Chūbu region, Chūbu districts in Japan. Like all species in the genus ''Hynobius'', it has lungs, its tail is smaller than its body, and it does not have claws on its fingertips. However, characteristics such as its purplish coloration with golden spots, its size, and its use of River ecosystem, lotic waters to reproduce make this species different from all the others. The individuals breed between December and April in mountain streams surrounded by ''Cryptomeria, Cryptomeria japonica'' evergreen forests. After mating, the females lay their eggs in envelopes, which are thick, transparent, and resistant, where they remain for sixty days, when the embryo fully develops in the egg. After hatching, the tadpoles leave the envelope and start living under rocks or at the bottom of streams, completing their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egg (biology)
An egg is an organic vessel grown by an animal to carry a possibly fertilization, fertilized egg cell (a zygote) and to egg incubation, incubate from it an embryo within the egg until the embryo has become an animal fetus that can survive on its own, at which point the animal hatches. Most arthropods, vertebrates (excluding live-bearing mammals), and Mollusca, mollusks lay eggs, although some, such as scorpions, do not. Reptile eggs, bird eggs, and monotreme eggs are laid out of water and are surrounded by a protective eggshell, shell, either flexible or inflexible. Eggs laid on land or in nests are usually kept within a warm and favorable temperature range while the embryo grows. When the embryo is adequately developed it hatches, i.e., breaks out of the egg's shell. Some embryos have a temporary egg tooth they use to crack, pip, or break the eggshell or covering. The largest recorded egg is from a whale shark and was in size. Whale shark eggs typically hatch within the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batrachuperus Londongensis
The Longdong stream salamander (''Batrachuperus londongensis'') is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae endemic to Sichuan, China, where it is found in the Longdong River on Mount Emei. Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater springs. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease .... References Batrachuperus Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Amphibians described in 1978 Endangered Fauna of China {{salamander-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batrachuperus Karlschmidti
The Chiala mountain salamander (''Batrachuperus karlschmidti'') is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae endemic to China and known from northwestern Sichuan, northeastern Tibet, and southeastern Gansu. Its validity as a species distinct from '' Batrachuperus tibetanus'' has been controversial. It is named after Karl Patterson Schmidt, American herpetologist. The species' natural habitat are slow-flowing streams in grassland areas. It is largely aquatic but can occasionally be found on the stream bank. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by overgrazing Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature ... as well as by collecting for traditional medicine. References External links ''Batrachuperus karlschmidti'' Encyclopedia of Life page Batrachuperus Amphibians o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghanodon Mustersi
Paradactylodon mustersi is a species of salamander endemic to Afghanistan. It is also known as the Afghanistan brook salamander, Paghman Mountain Salamander, Afghan brook salamander, Afghanistan mountain salamander, Paghman mountain salamander, and Paghman stream salamander. It inhabits cool highland streams. The total population is estimated at 1,000–2,000 adults. It is only found in an area of 10 km2. ''P. mustersi'' is known to reside in the Paghman Mountains in Afghanistan, where it lives in fast-running waters (the adults and the eggs or larvae in calmer, deeper water) which are formed from melting glaciers. Currently, it can only be found in cold water: it has only been found in water ranging from 0 to 14 °C. The males are larger than the females, with the largest about 18 cm in length. They are not very similar to other salamander species in many respects. They may look similar to salamander species, but unlike many others, the Paghman stream salamander ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghanodon
''Paradactylodon'', the mountain salamanders or Middle Eastern stream salamanders, is a genus of salamanders in the family Hynobiidae found in Iran and Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran borde .... The following species are recognised in the genus ''Paradactylodon'': *'' Paradactylodon persicus'' *'' Paradactylodon mustersi'' References *Caudata Culture 2009Hynobiidae.Downloaded on 15 November 2009. Fauna of Afghanistan {{Salamander-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranodon Sibiricus
''Ranodon'' is a monotypic genus of salamanders in the family Hynobiidae. It currently contains only one species, the Central Asian salamander (''Ranodon sibiricus''). The species lives in streams and has reduced lungs. It was previously assumed the fertilization was the opposite of that other salamanders with external fertilization, with the male first depositing a large mass of sperm, which the female then placed her eggs on. But this appears to have been an error, and that the male fertilize the eggs only after the female has laid them. Formerly in this genus were: * Wushan salamander (''Liua shihi'') * Tsinpa salamander (''Liua tsinpaensis'') * Yellow-spotted salamander (''Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus'') Distribution The Central Asian salamander is found in the Dzungarian Alatau mountains on the border of China and Kazakhstan. Its natural habitat is temperate forest, tundra, temperate grassland, rivers, and freshwater marshes, and springs. The species is threatened by ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachyhynobius Shangchengensis
''Pachyhynobius shangchengensis'', the Shangcheng stout salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Pachyhynobius''. It is named after its type locality, Shangcheng. It is endemic to the Dabie Mountains in central China (Hubei, Henan, and Anhui Provinces). Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease .... The Shancheng stout salamander is stout, with a cylindrical body and pronounced sexual dimorphism: the adult male develops a thick, broad head. Adult males have a total length of and females of about . References Asiatic salamanders Monotypic amphibian genera Amphibians of China Endemic fauna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protohynobius Puxiongensis
The Puxiong salamander (''Pseudohynobius puxiongensis'') is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae, endemic to China. It is only known from the vicinity of its type locality, in Puxiong (普雄镇), in Yuexi County, Sichuan Province. The area belongs to the Hengduan Mountains that form the southeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Puxiong salamander is a relatively small salamander with a slender body form. History of discovery and taxonomic position The Puxiong salamander was first described in 2000 as ''Protohynobius puxiongensis'', based on a single specimen collected in 1965. Because of a characteristic interpreted as primitive (internasal bone), a new monotypic genus, ''Protohynobius'', in its own subfamily, Protohynobiinae, was established. However, field effort in 2007–2009 revealed new animals that allowed a more detailed analysis. These suggested the holotype from 1965 was slightly unusual, as later specimens did not have an internasal bone while be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liaoxitriton
''Liaoxitriton'' is an extinct genus of salamanders from the Early Cretaceous of China. It contains one species, ''L. zhongjiani'', from the Aptian aged Yixian Formation. A second species, ''L. daohugouensis'' from the Middle/Late Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation, was moved to the genus '' Neimengtriton'' in 2021 after a number of studies noted morphological differences between the two genera. References † A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ... Cretaceous amphibians of Asia Early Cretaceous amphibians Prehistoric amphibian genera Early Cretaceous genus extinctions {{paleo-salamander-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iridotriton
''Iridotriton'' is an extinct genus of salamander known from a fossil discovered in stratigraphic zone 6 of the late Jurassic Morrison Formation,Foster, J. (2007). "Appendix." ''Jurassic West: The Dinosaurs of the Morrison Formation and Their World''. Indiana University Press. pp. 327-329. within the Dinosaur National Monument, and contains one described,''Iridotriton hechti''. It is likely a member of Cryptobranchoidea The Cryptobranchoidea are a suborder of salamanders found in Asia, European Russia, and the United States. They are known as primitive salamanders, in contrast to Salamandroidea, the advanced salamanders. It has two living subdivisions, Cryptobr .... See also * Paleobiota of the Morrison Formation References † Morrison fauna Jurassic amphibians of North America Late Jurassic animals of North America Prehistoric amphibian genera {{paleo-salamander-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
