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Amphibamiformes
Amphibamiformes is an unranked clade with Dissorophoidea created by Schoch (2018). It encompasses all of the taxa traditionally considered to be "amphibamids" (subsequently restricted to '' Doleserpeton annectens'' and '' Amphibamus grandiceps'' by Schoch), branchiosaurids, and hypothetically lissamphibians under the traditional temnospondyl hypothesis of lissamphibian origins. These taxa are typically small-bodied dissorophoids and form the sister group to Olsoniformes, which comprises dissorophids and trematopids. Description Amphibamiformes are diagnosed by a palatine and ectopterygoid reduced to narrow struts, a laterally-expanded interpterygoid vacuity, a humerus length-to-waist ratio of 6:10, and an absent basioccipital and supraoccipital. Definition A node-based clade; the most inclusive clade containing ''Amphibamus grandiceps'' but not '' Dissorophus multicinctus''. Phylogeny Simplified phylogeny of Dissorophoidea from Schoch (2018): The phylogeny of Amphib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubeostratilia
''Rubeostratilia'' is an extinct genus of amphibamiform temnospondyl from the early Permian of Texas. It is known from a single skull. This genus was named by Hélène Bourget and Jason S. Anderson in 2011, and the type species is ''Rubeostratilia texensis''. The genus name comes from the Latin translation of 'redbeds' in reference to the Texas redbeds that produced both the holotype and many other early Permian fossils. The specific name is for the state of Texas. The holotype and only known specimen was collected in 1941 from the Nocona Formation exposures in Clay County by a Works Projects Administration project that was transferred to the Field Museum of Natural History through an interinstitutional exchange with the Texas Memorial Museum Texas Science & Natural History Museum is located on the campus of The University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas, U.S. It opened as Texas Memorial Museum during preparations for the Texas Centennial Exposition held in 1936. The museum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xerodromes
Dissorophoidea is a clade of medium-sized, temnospondyl amphibians that appeared during the Moscovian in Euramerica, and continued through to the Late Permian and the Early Triassic of Gondwana. They are distinguished by various details of the skull, and many species seem to have been well adapted for life on land. Dissorophoid diversity was highest in the Permian; some of the more diverse families within the group include Dissorophidae (toad-like amphibians with armored scutes along their backbone), Trematopidae (terrestrial predators with large triangular skulls), and Branchiosauridae (small neotenic amphibians with large external gills). The small Permo-Carboniferous Micromelerpetontidae are another example of neotenic dissorophoids. Many small dissorophoids with short rounded skulls were historically known as "amphibamids"; in 2018, the name Amphibamiformes was erected for a clade equivalent to the broad historical definition of "Amphibamidae". Since 2008, a consensus of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissorophoidea
Dissorophoidea is a clade of medium-sized, temnospondyl amphibians that appeared during the Moscovian in Euramerica, and continued through to the Late Permian and the Early Triassic of Gondwana. They are distinguished by various details of the skull, and many species seem to have been well adapted for life on land. Dissorophoid diversity was highest in the Permian; some of the more diverse families within the group include Dissorophidae (toad-like amphibians with armored scutes along their backbone), Trematopidae (terrestrial predators with large triangular skulls), and Branchiosauridae (small neotenic amphibians with large external gills). The small Permo-Carboniferous Micromelerpetontidae are another example of neotenic dissorophoids. Many small dissorophoids with short rounded skulls were historically known as "amphibamids"; in 2018, the name Amphibamiformes was erected for a clade equivalent to the broad historical definition of "Amphibamidae". Since 2008, a consensus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tersomius
''Tersomius'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl within the family Micropholidae. It is known from the early Permian of North America (Oklahoma and Texas). History of study ''Tersomius'' was first named in 1910 by American paleontologist E.C. Case based on a partial skull collected from the Archer City Formation of Texas. The type species is ''T. texensis'', in reference to its geographic provenance. The brief original description was supplemented by a lengthier redescription of the holotype and description of new material by Carroll (1964). At least two of these specimens do not belong to any species of ''Tersomius'' and were reassigned by Maddin et al. (2013), which has led some authors to consider it as a potential " wastebasket taxon." Material referred to ''Tersomius'' cf. ''texensis'' was reported from the early Permian South Grandfield locality in Oklahoma by Daly (1973). A second species of ''Tersomius'', ''T. mosesi,'' was named by Olson (1970) for Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropholis (amphibian)
''Micropholis'' (Greek mikros''' = small and '''pholis''' = scale) is an extinct genus of Dissorophoidea, dissorophoid Temnospondyli, temnospondyl. Fossils have been found from the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone, ''Lystrosaurus'' Assemblage Zone of the Karoo, Karoo Basin in South Africa and are dated to the Induan (Early Triassic). Fossils have also been found from the lower Fremouw Formation, Fremouw of Antarctica. ''Micropholis'' is the only post-Permian dissorophoid and the only dissorophoid in what is presently the southern hemisphere and what would have been termed Gondwana during the amalgamation of Pangaea, Pangea. History of study ''Micropholis'' was one of the first dissorophoids to be named by English paleontologist Thomas Henry Huxley, Thomas Huxley in 1859 based on a partial skull. ''Micropholis stowii'' (properly ''Micropholis stowi'')'','' the type species, is named for George William Stow, the South African geologist and ethnologist who discovered the specimen and wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plemmyradytes
''Plemmyradytes'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the early Permian (early Asselian stage). It is an amphibamiform from the Eskridge Formation exposures of Nebraska. The type species is ''Plemmyradytes shintoni''. The genus name derives from the Greek ''plemmyris'' ('tide' or 'wave') and ''dytes'' ('diver'), while the specific name honors John Shinton, a fossil preparator at the Denver Museum of Natural History where all known specimens of this taxon are reposited following collection in the late 20th century. Anatomy Huttenlocker et al. (2007) differentiated ''Plemmyradytes'' from other amphibamiforms by: (1) the reduced lateral exposure of the palatine (LEP); (2) a long and narrow supratemporal without a ventral flange; (3) a posteriorly extensive squamosal, long and slightly recurved teeth that decrease in size posteriorly; (4) a shallow dentary with a trough below the tooth row; and (5) smaller teeth on the dentary relative to the maxilla. Phyloge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibamidae
The Amphibamidae are an ancient family of dissorophoid temnospondyls known from Late Carboniferous-Early Permian strata in the United States. Classification Amphibamidae has traditionally included small-bodied, terrestrial dissorophoids. The name is attributed to Moodie (1909), but it was rarely used because it originally referred only to ''Amphibamus''. Similar monogeneric families were also erected for other small, terrestrial dissorophoids (e.g., Doleserpetontidae), and most of the taxa now recognized as amphibamiforms were placed within the Dissorophidae. Clack & Milner (1993) revived the Amphibamidae to include ''Amphibamus, Platyrhinops, Doleserpeton,'' and ''Tersomius''. Daly (1994) further expanded the composition of the Amphibamidae to include the newly described ''Eoscopus'' as well as the Early Triassic form ''Micropholis''. She suggested that the micromelerpetids were also amphibamids, which has not been validated by more recent workers. Subsequent phylogenetic wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olsoniformes
Olsoniformes is an extinct clade of dissorophoid temnospondyls, including the families Dissorophidae and Trematopidae. Most members of the clade were highly adapted to a terrestrial lifestyle. The clade was named in 2008 and is defined as the least inclusive clade containing '' Dissorophus multicinctus'' (a dissorophid) and '' Acheloma cumminsi'' (a trematopid) but not '' Amphibamus grandiceps, Micromelerpeton credneri,'' or '' Apateon pedestris''. Olsoniforms share various features such as a stout and low ilium and a thin cultriform process. The earliest-branching olsoniform is '' Palodromeus bairdi'', from the Late Carboniferous of Ohio. Trematopids are known from the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian of Europe and across much of North America, while dissorophids are primarily found in Early Permian deposits in the central United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pasawioops
''Pasawioops'' is an extinct genus of early Permian dissorophoid temnospondyl within the clade Amphibamiformes. History of study ''Pasawioops'' was first described from the early Permian fissure fills near Richards Spur in Comanche County, Oklahoma. It is known from three skulls from this locality. The holotype is a complete skull (reposited at the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History The Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History is the officially designated natural history museum for the State of Oklahoma, located on the campus of the University of Oklahoma. The museum was founded in 1899 by an act of the Oklahoma Terri ... MNH, while the referred specimens are larger but more incomplete partial skulls (one at the OMNH and the other at the Field Museum). The taxon is also known from one specimen from the early Permian of Texas (reposited at the Museum of Comparative Zoology), being previously misidentified as a specimen of ''Tersomius texensis''. Anat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branchiosauridae
Branchiosauridae is an extinct family of small amphibamiform temnospondyls with external gills and an overall juvenile appearance. The family has been characterized by hundreds of well-preserved specimens from the Permo-Carboniferous of Middle Europe.Schoch, R.R. 2008. The intrarelationships and evolutionary history of the temnospondyl family branchiosauridae. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 6(4):409-431. Specimens represent well defined ontogenetic stages and thus the taxon has been described to display paedomorphy (perennibranchiate). However, more recent work has revealed branchiosaurid taxa that display metamorphosing trajectories.Schoch, R.R. and Frobisch, N.B. 2006. Alternative Pathways in an Extinct Amphibian Clade. Evolution. 60(7):1467-1475 The name Branchiosauridae (“Branchio” in Ancient Greek denoting gills and “saurus” meaning lizard) refers to the retention of gills. Geological/paleoenvironmental information Branchiosaurids mostly inhabited Permo-Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanobamus
''Nanobamus'' is an extinct genus of amphibamiform temnospondyl amphibian. The type species is ''Nanobamus macrorhinus''. The type specimen is UCLAVP 3686, a skull recovered from the Lower Permian Arroyo Formation (Texas, United States). History of study UCLA VP 3686 was originally described by Olson (1985) as a larval " trematopsid" (now called 'trematopids'). Much of this referral was based on the elongate external naris, a feature that is well known in derived trematopids such as ''Acheloma ''Acheloma'' (also known as ''Trematops milleri'') is an extinct genus of temnospondyl that lived during the Early Permian. The type species is ''A. cumminsi''. History of study ''Acheloma'' was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1882 based on ...,'' although the feature is not exclusive to trematopids or universally found in all trematopids. This identification was challenged by Dilkes (1991), who noted that the construction of the naris was different from that of trematopids, impl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kermitops
''Kermitops'' (meaning "Kermit the Frog, Kermit face") is an extinct genus of amphibamiform temnospondyl from the Early Permian Clear Fork Formation of Texas, United States. The genus contains a Monotypic taxon, single species, ''K. gratus'', known from a partial cranium. Discovery and naming The ''Kermitops'' holotype specimen, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, USNM 407585, was discovered by Nicholas Hotton III and field scientists from the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History in April 1984. The Type locality (biology), type locality is represented by the lower sediments of the Clear Fork Formation near Lake Kemp in Wilbarger County, Texas, United States. The specimen consists of most of the skull roof, a partial braincase, and the mandibles. Most of the Palatine bone#Other animals, palate is not preserved, except for some incomplete Vomer#In other animals, vomerine teeth. The marginal teeth are not readily observable. In 2024, So, Pardo & Mann Species descript ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
