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Aleph (drug)
Aleph, or Aleph-1, also known as DOT or para-DOT or as 4-methylthio-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, is a psychedelic drug of the amphetamine and DOx families. Effects Aleph was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, who named it after the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. In his book ''PiHKAL'', Shulgin lists the dosage range as 5 to 10mg, with effects typically lasting for 6 to 8hours. Pharmacology Like many other psychedelics, Aleph is a partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor ( EC50 = 10 nM). It has weak MAO-A inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 5.2 μM. For reference, amphetamine has an IC50 of 11 μM and 4-methylthioamphetamine has a value of 0.2 μM. Homologues Aleph-2 ''Dosage'': 4–8 mg ''Duration'': 8–16 hours ''Effects'': Strong visuals '' 2C analog'': 2C-T-2 CAS number: 185562-00-9 SMILES: C1(=C(C=C(C(=C1)SCC)OC)CC(C)N)OC Aleph-4 ''Dosage'': 7–12 mg ''Duration'': 12–20 hours ''Effects'': "''profound and deep learnin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oral Administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the Human mouth, mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications. Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as Injection (medicine), injection. However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow. Terminology ''Per os'' (; ''P.O.'') is an adverbial phrase meaning literally from Latin "through the mouth" or "by mouth". The expression is used in medicine to describe a treatment that is taken orally (but not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine
Aleph-2, or ALEPH-2, also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine, is a serotonergic psychedelic of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. Use and effects According to Alexander Shulgin, its dosage is 4 to 8mg orally and its duration is 8 to 16hours. The drug is said to produce strong visuals. Pharmacology Aleph-2 acts as a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist. The drug is also a weak monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), with values of 3,200nM for monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and >100,000nM for monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Aleph-2 produces anxiolytic effects in rodents. See also * Aleph (psychedelic) * 2C-T-2 2C-T-2, also known as 4-ethylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic and entactogenic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized in 1981 by Alexander Shulgin, and rated by him as one of the "magical half-dozen" most ... References External links ALEPH-2 - Isomer DesignALEPH-2 - PiHKAL - ErowidALEPH-2 - PiHKAL - Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-substituted Amphetamine
4-Substituted-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamines (DO''x'') is a chemical class of Substitution reaction, substituted amphetamine derivative (chemistry), derivatives featuring methoxy functional group, groups at the 2- and 5- positions of the phenyl simple aromatic ring, ring, and a substituent such as alkyl or halogen at the 4- position of the phenyl ring. They are 4-substituted derivatives of 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA, DOH) and are structural analog, structurally related to the natural product, naturally occurring phenethylamine psychedelic mescaline. The most well-known DOx drugs are 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, DOM, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, DOI, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine, DOB, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine, DOET, and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine, DOC. DOI is widely used in scientific research. DOM has been used as a recreational drug, while DOET was an experimental drug, experimental pharmaceutical drug. Most compounds of this class are potency (p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Positional Isomer
In chemistry, a structural isomer (or constitutional isomer in the IUPAC nomenclature) of a compound is a compound that contains the same number and type of atoms, but with a different connectivity (i.e. arrangement of bonds) between them. The term metamer was formerly used for the same concept. For example, butanol , methyl propyl ether , and diethyl ether have the same molecular formula but are three distinct structural isomers. The concept applies also to polyatomic ions with the same total charge. A classical example is the cyanate ion and the fulminate ion . It is also extended to ionic compounds, so that (for example) ammonium cyanate and urea are considered structural isomers,William F. Bynum, E. Janet Browne, Roy Porter (2014)''Dictionary of the History of Science'' page 218. and so are methylammonium formate and ammonium acetate . Structural isomerism is the most radical type of isomerism. It is opposed to stereoisomerism, in which the atoms and bonding s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Controlled Substance
A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture, possession and use is regulated by a government, such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated by law. Some treaties, notably the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, provide internationally agreed-upon "schedules" of controlled substances, which have been incorporated into national laws; however, national laws usually significantly expand on these international conventions. Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries, even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves. Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances and anabolic steroids. The controlled substanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Controlled Substances Act
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is the statute establishing federal government of the United States, federal drug policy of the United States, U.S. drug policy under which the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances is regulated. It was passed by the 91st United States Congress as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 and signed into law by President Richard Nixon. The Act also served as the national implementing legislation for the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. The legislation created five schedules (classifications), with varying qualifications for a substance to be included in each. Two federal agencies, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), determine which substances are added to or removed from the various schedules, although the statute passed by Congress created the initial listing. Congress has sometimes scheduled other substances t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-T-7
2C-T-7, also known as 4-propylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. In his book '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'', Alexander Shulgin lists the dosage range as 10–30 mg. 2C-T-7 is generally taken orally, and produces psychedelic and entactogenic effects that last 8 to 15 hours. Up until Operation Web Tryp and three deaths, two of which involved the use of other drugs in addition to 2C-T-7, and one which involved an excessive insufflated dose, 2C-T-7 was sold commercially in Dutch and Japanese smartshops and online. It has been known on the streets as Blue Mystic or 7th Heaven. There has been little real research done on this chemical other than Shulgin's comments in PiHKAL and a few small animal studies mostly aimed at detecting metabolites. Effects 2C-T-7 is psychedelic. In ''PiHKAL'', Shulgin records that the hallucinations are unique, and that the chemical may cause muscle tension and an altered vocal quality. Shu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-D
2C-D, also known as 2C-M or as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the 2C family that is sometimes used as an entheogen. It was first synthesized in 1970 by a team from the Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, and its activity was subsequently investigated in humans by Alexander Shulgin. Use and effects Not much information is known about the toxicity of 2C-D, as no major studies have been conducted. In his book ''PiHKAL'', Shulgin lists the dosage range as being from 20 to 60 mg. Lower doses of 10 mg or less have been explored for microdosing. According to Shulgin, the effects of 2C-D typically last for 4–6 hours. Shulgin himself referred to this substance as a “pharmacological tofu,” meaning that when mixed with other substances, it can extend or potentiate their effects without coloring the experience too much, in a manner similar to how tofu absorbs the flavors of sauces or spices it is cooked with. Hanscarl Leuner, working in Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleph-6
Aleph, or Aleph-1, also known as DOT or para-DOT or as 4-methylthio-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, is a psychedelic drug of the amphetamine and DOx families. Effects Aleph was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, who named it after the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. In his book ''PiHKAL'', Shulgin lists the dosage range as 5 to 10mg, with effects typically lasting for 6 to 8hours. Pharmacology Like many other psychedelics, Aleph is a partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor ( EC50 = 10 nM). It has weak MAO-A inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 5.2 μM. For reference, amphetamine has an IC50 of 11 μM and 4-methylthioamphetamine has a value of 0.2 μM. Homologues Aleph-2 ''Dosage'': 4–8 mg ''Duration'': 8–16 hours ''Effects'': Strong visuals '' 2C analog'': 2C-T-2 CAS number: 185562-00-9 SMILES: C1(=C(C=C(C(=C1)SCC)OC)CC(C)N)OC Aleph-4 ''Dosage'': 7–12 mg ''Duration'': 12–20 hours ''Effects'': "''profound and deep learni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2C-T-4
2C-T-4, also known as 4-isopropylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin and is used as entheogenic recreational drug. Effects 2C-T-4 produces psychedelic and entheogenic effects that develop slowly and can last 12 to 18hours. While users may experience virtually no effects for the first hour after ingestion, results vary drastically between individuals and range from hallucination and euphoria to intense sickness and anxiety. Shulgin devoted a chapter in the first part of his book ''PiHKAL'' to this compound, describing an intense "plus-four" psychedelic experience mediated by a twelve milligram dose. Interactions 2C drugs are metabolized by the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes MAO-A and MAO-B. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide, and selegiline may potentiate the effects of 2C drugs. This may result in overdose and serious toxicity. P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
