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Alatra (region)
Alatra was an ancient region of Anatolia and one of the lands of the Assuwa coalition that opposed the Hittites. It is mentioned in the Annals of Tudḫaliya and possibly in a later Iron Age stela. Geography The site has yet to be archaeologically located.Gander, Max. (2022). ''The West: Philology'', p. 264-266. Hittite Landscape and Geography, Netherlands: BrillAcademia.edu/ref> Woudhuizen noted the similarity to the Luwian word for "army camp" (''kwalatarna'') and suggested it was sited at Kaunos in ancient Caria. A funerary stelea at Carchemish dated to the 800s BC makes reference to "the people of Kwalatarna and Tlawa", a grouping that includes a site in classical Lycia.Peker, Hasan. (2023). A New Funerary Stele from Karkemish and New Values for Some Anatolian Hieroglyphic SignsBelleten Turk Tarih Kurumu/ref> Thonemann locates it at classical Toriaeum.Thonemann, Peter. (2008). Cistophoric Geography: Toriaion and Kormasa. The Numismatic Chronicle (1966-) Vol. 168 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tlos
Tlos ( Lycian: 𐊗𐊍𐊀𐊇𐊀 ''Tlawa'', Hittite: 𒁕𒆷𒉿 ''Dalawa'', or Τλῶς) was an ancient Lycian city near the modern town of Seydikemer in the Mugla Province of southern Turkey, some 4 kilometres northwest of Saklıkent Gorge. It was one of the oldest and largest cities of Lycia. Location Tlos lies on the east side of the Xanthos valley atop a rocky outcrop that slopes up from a plateau from a modern village and ends on the west, north and northeast in almost perpendicular cliffs. Name The Greek name Tlos comes from the earlier Lycian name Tlawa. The city is mentioned as Dalawa in Hittite documents. History Archaeological remains from the city centre and at nearby sites (the caves at Girmeler and Tavabaşı) suggest that the foundation of the city started more than 4,000 years ago. It is known as 'Tlawa' in local Lycian inscriptions and as ‘Dalawa’ in the Hittite sources which shows the importance of the city as early as the 15th century BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luwians
The Luwians (also known as Luvians) were an ancient people in Anatolia who spoke the Luwian language. During the Bronze Age, Luwians formed part of the population of the Hittite Empire and adjoining states such as Kizzuwatna. During the Hittite New Kingdom, Luwian replaced Hittite as the empire's dominant language. In the early Iron Age, a number of Luwian-speaking Neo-Hittite states arose in northern Syria. The Luwians are known largely from their language, and it is unclear to what extent they formed a unified cultural or political group. Etymology "Luwian" is an exonym first used by the Hittites as an "ethno-linguistic term referring to the area where Luwian was spoken" in Bronze Age Anatolia. It has been suggested that the name is a foreign ethnic designation ( Assyrian) borrowed from another foreign ethnic designation ( Hurrian) - ''nuwā-um''. An alternate derivation is ascribed to the Luwian ''lūwa'' meaning "plain."Yakubovich, Ilya. (2010). ''Sociolinguistics of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Anatolia
The prehistory of Anatolia stretches from the Paleolithic era through to the appearance of classical civilization in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. It is generally regarded as being divided into three ages reflecting the dominant materials used for the making of domestic implements and weapons: Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. The term Copper Age (Chalcolithic) is used to denote the period straddling the stone and Bronze Ages. Anatolia ( (), ''Turkish: Anadolu''), also known by the Latin name of ''Asia Minor'', is considered to be the westernmost extent of Western Asia. Geographically it encompasses the central uplands of modern Turkey, from the coastal plain of the Aegean Sea east to the western edge of the Armenian Highlands and from the narrow coast of the Black Sea south to the Taurus Mountains and Mediterranean Sea coast. The earliest representations of culture in Anatolia can be found in several archaeological sites located in the central and eastern part of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th Century BC
The 15th century BC was the century that lasted from 1500 BC to 1401 BC. Events * 1504 BC – 1492 BC: New Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt conquers Nubia and the Levant. * 1500 BC – Meteorite impact that formed the Kaali crater in Ancient Estonia, Estonia. * 1500 BC – 1400 BC: The Battle of the Ten Kings took place around this time. * 1500 BC: Coalescence of a number of cultural traits including undecorated pottery, megalithic burials, and millet-bean-rice agriculture indicate the beginning of the Mumun Pottery Period on the Korean peninsula. * 1490s BC, c. 1490 BC: Cranaus, legendary King of Athens, is deposed after a reign of 10 years by his son-in-law Amphictyon of Thessaly, son of Deucalion and Pyrrha. * 1487 BC: Amphictyon, son of Deucalion and Pyrrha and legendary King of Athens, dies after a reign of 10 years and is succeeded by Erichthonius I of Athens, a grandson of Cranaus. * 1480s BC, c. 1480 BC: Queen Hatshepsut succeeded by her stepson and nephew Thutmosis III. Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Goddess Of Arinna
The Sun goddess of Arinna, also sometimes identified as Arinniti or as Wuru(n)šemu, is the chief Goddess of Hittite mythology. Her companion is the weather god Tarḫunna. She protected the Hittite kingdom and was called the "Queen of all lands." Her cult centre was the sacred city of Arinna. In addition to the Sun goddess of Arinna, the Hittites also worshipped the Sun goddess of the Earth and the Sun god of Heaven, while the Luwians originally worshipped the old Proto-Indo-European Sun god Tiwaz. It appears that in the northern cultural sphere of the early Hittites, there was no male solar deity. Distinguishing the various solar deities in the texts is difficult since most are simply written with the Sumerogram dUTU (Solar deity). As a result, the interpretation of the solar deities remains a subject of debate. Family and myths The Sun goddess of Arinna and the weather god Tarḫunna formed a pair and together they occupied the highest position in the Hittite state's pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kızılırmak River
The Kızılırmak (, Turkish for "Red River"), once known as the Halys River () and Alis River, is the longest river flowing entirely within Turkey. It is a source of hydroelectric power and is not used for navigation. Geography The Kızılırmak flows for a total of , rising in Eastern Anatolia around , flowing first to the west and southwest until , then forming a wide arch, the "Halys bend", flowing first to the west, then to the northwest, passing to the northeast of Lake Tuz (''Tuz Gölü'' in Turkish), then to the north and northeast, where it is joined by its major tributary, the Delice River (once known in Greek as the Cappadox river) at . After zigzagging to the northwest to the confluence with the Devrez River at , and back to the northeast, it joins the Gökırmak (Sky ''River'' in Turkish) before finally flowing via a wide delta into the Black Sea northwest of Samsun at . Delta History The Hittites called the river the Maraššantiya, and it formed the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toriaeum
Toriaeum or Toriaion was a town of ancient Lycia, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. During Roman times it was a Roman colony; during Byzantine times it seems to have appeared in the ''Synecdemus'' as Komistaraos (). Its site is located near Kozağacı, south of Kızılcadağ and north of Elmalı Elmalı is a municipality and Districts of Turkey, district of Antalya Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,433 km2, and its population is 40,774 (2022). It lies about inland, near the town of Korkuteli and west of the city of Antalya. Formerl ..., in Asiatic Turkey. References Populated places in ancient Lycia Former populated places in Turkey Roman towns and cities in Turkey Populated places of the Byzantine Empire History of Antalya Province Coloniae (Roman) {{Antalya-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycia
Lycia (; Lycian: 𐊗𐊕𐊐𐊎𐊆𐊖 ''Trm̃mis''; , ; ) was a historical region in Anatolia from 15–14th centuries BC (as Lukka) to 546 BC. It bordered the Mediterranean Sea in what is today the provinces of Antalya and Muğla in Turkey as well some inland parts of Burdur Province. The region was known to history from the Late Bronze Age records of ancient Egypt and the Hittite Empire. Lycia was populated by speakers of Luwic languages. Written records began to be inscribed in stone in the Lycian language after Lycia's involuntary incorporation into the Achaemenid Empire in the Iron Age. At that time (546 BC) the Luwian speakers were displaced as Lycia received an influx of Persian speakers. The many cities in Lycia were wealthy as shown by their elaborate architecture starting at least from the 5th century BC and extending to the Roman period. Lycia fought for the Persians in the Persian Wars, but on the defeat of the Achaemenid Empire by the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carchemish
Carchemish ( or ), also spelled Karkemish (), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria. At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo-Assyrian Empires. Today it is on the frontier between Turkey and Syria. It was the location of an important battle, about 605 BC, between the Babylonians and Egyptians, mentioned in the Bible (Jer. 46:2, 2 Chron. 35:20). Modern neighbouring cities are Karkamış in Turkey and Jarabulus in Syria (also Djerablus, Jerablus, Jarablos, Jarâblos). Geography of the site Carchemish is now an extensive set of ruins (90 hectares, of which 55 lie in Turkey and 35 in Syria), located on the West bank of Euphrates River, about southeast of Gaziantep, Turkey, and northeast of Aleppo, Syria. The site is crossed by the Baghdad Railway that now forms the Turco-Syrian border. The site includes an acropolis along the river, an Inner Town encircled by earthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Regions Of Anatolia
The following is a list of regions of Ancient Anatolia, also known as "Asia Minor." The names reflect changes to languages, settlements and polities from the Bronze Age to conquest by Turkic peoples. Bronze Age * Abbawiya * Adadura *Adana * Aḫḫulla * Alatra * Ankuwa * Apasa * Arawana *Arzawa * Arziya * Assuwa * Dadassas * Dunda * Dura * Durmitta * Durpina * Dalauwa * Dankuwa * Duruwaduruwa * Gargiya * Halluwa * Haballa * Harziuna * Hatti * Himmuwa * Hulaya River Land * Ḥuwallušiya * Iksunuwa * Istanuwa * Isuwa * Kalasma * Land of the Kaskians * Kassiya * Kispuwa * Kizzuwadna * Kuruppiya *Kussara * Kuwaliya * Lallupiya * Lawazantiya * Lazpa * Lower Land * Lukka * Land of Luwiya *Masa * Mīllawānda *Mira * Mount Pahurina * Nenisankuwa * Neša * Palà * Parista * Pasuhalta * Pitassa * Purushanda * Sallusa * Saḫiriya *Seha River Land * Siyanda * Tarhuntassa * Tumanna * Tuwanuwa *Troy * Unaliya * Upper Land * Walma *Wilusa * Zallara * Zalpa * Zippasla Iron Age * A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
