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Alan Schoen
Alan Hugh Schoen (December 11, 1924 – July 26, 2023) was an American physicist and computer scientist best known for his discovery of the gyroid, an infinitely connected triply periodic minimal surface. Professional career Alan Schoen received his B.S. degree in physics from Yale University in 1945, followed by his M.S. and Ph.D. in physics from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1951 and 1958, respectively. His doctoral dissertation was entitled “Self-Diffusion in Alpha Solid Solutions of Silver-Cadmium and Silver-Indium.” After completing graduate work he was employed (between 1957 and 1967) as a research physicist by aerospace companies in California, and also worked as a free-lance solid-state physics consultant. In 1967, he took the position of senior scientist at NASA's Electronics Research Center (ERC) in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he did geometry research and served as the Chief of the Office of Geometrical Applications. While at NASA, he also worked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Vernon, New York
Mount Vernon is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, immediately to the north of the Borough (New York City), borough of the Bronx. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, Mount Vernon had a population of 73,893, making it the 24th-largest municipality in the state and List of U.S. communities with African-American majority populations in 2020#New York, largest African-American majority city in the state. Mount Vernon has 12,898 Jamaicans with Afro-Jamaicans, African and Indo-Jamaicans, Indian descent that had immigrated from their homeland of Jamaica after the country gained its independence from United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Britain on August 6, 1962. Mount Vernon has two major sections. South-side Mount Vernon is more urban, while north-side Mount Vernon is more residential. Mount Vernon's downtown business district is on the city's south side, which includes City Hall, Mount Vernon's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alumni
A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic monks. The University of Bologna (), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *being a high degree-awarding institute. *using the word (which was coined at its foundation). *having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law and notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university in medieval life, 1179–1499", McFarland, 2008, , p. 55f.de Ridder-Symoens, Hilde''A History of the University in Europe: Volume 1, Universities in the Midd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yale University Alumni
Yale University is a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701, Yale is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, and one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution. Yale was established as the Collegiate School in 1701 by Congregationalist clergy of the Connecticut Colony. Originally restricted to instructing ministers in theology and sacred languages, the school's curriculum expanded, incorporating humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution. In the 19th century, the college expanded into graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first PhD in the United States in 1861 and organizing as a university in 1887. Yale's faculty and student populations grew rapidly after 1890 due to the expansion of the physical campus and its scientific research programs. Yale is organized into fifteen constituent schools, including the original und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Physicists
American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, people who self-identify their ancestry as "American" ** American English, the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States ** Native Americans in the United States, indigenous peoples of the United States * American, something of, from, or related to the Americas, also known as "America" ** Indigenous peoples of the Americas * American (word), for analysis and history of the meanings in various contexts Organizations * American Airlines, U.S.-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas * American Athletic Conference, an American college athletic conference * American Recordings (record label), a record label that was previously known as Def American * American University, in Washington, D.C. Sports teams S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2023 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1924 Births
Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20–January 30, 30 – Kuomintang in China holds its 1st National Congress of the Kuomintang, first National Congress, initiating a policy of alliance with the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party. * January 21 – Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone, The Earl of Athlone is appointed Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, and High Commissioner for Southern Africa.Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Governors-General: 1910-1961 (Accessed on 14 April 2017) * January 22 – R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Physicists
Following is a list of physicists who are notable for their achievements. A *Aryabhatta – India (Bharat) (476–550 CE) *Jules Aarons – United States (1921–2016) *Ernst Karl Abbe – Germany (1840–1905) *Derek Abbott – Australia (born 1960) *Hasan Abdullayev – Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Soviet Union, Azerbaijan (1918–1993) *Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov – Soviet Union, Russia (1928–2017) Nobel laureate *Robert Adler – United States (1913–2007) *Stephen L. Adler – United States (born 1939) *Franz Aepinus – Rostock (1724–1802) *Mina Aganagic – Albania, United States *David Z Albert – United States (born 1954) *Felicie Albert – France, United States *Miguel Alcubierre – Mexico (born 1964) *Zhores Ivanovich Alferov – Russia (1930–2019) Nobel laureate *Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén – Sweden (1908–1995) Nobel laureate *Alhazen – Basra, Iraq (965–1040) *Artem Alikhanian – Armenia (1908–1978) *Abram Alikhanov – Russia (1904� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom Malin Rodgers
Thomas Malin Rodgers (August 1, 1943 — April 12, 2012) was an Atlanta-based businessman and puzzle collector who is remembered as the originator of the Gathering 4 Gardner (G4G) educational foundation, first conceived in 1992. He co-founded G4G with magician and toy inventor Mark Setteducati and UC Berkeley professor Elwyn Berlekamp.Puzzles + Math = Magic By Edward Rothstein, New York Times, April 3, 2004 Over the past three decades it hosted 14 biennial conferences for aficionados of the recreational mathematician and Scientific American columnist and writer Martin Gardner.''Barrycades and Septoku: Papers in Honor of Martin Gardner and Tom Rodgers'', edited by Thane Plambeck & Tomas Rokicki, American Mathematical Society, May 2020, p.xii Rodgers also edited 6 volumes of Mart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atomic Diffusion
In chemical physics, atomic diffusion is a diffusion process whereby the random, thermally-activated movement of atoms in a solid results in the net transport of atoms. For example, helium atoms inside a balloon can diffuse through the wall of the balloon and escape, resulting in the balloon slowly deflating. Other air molecules (e.g. oxygen, nitrogen) have lower mobilities and thus diffuse more slowly through the balloon wall. There is a concentration gradient in the balloon wall, because the balloon was initially filled with helium, and thus there is plenty of helium on the inside, but there is relatively little helium on the outside (helium is not a major component of air). The rate of transport is governed by the diffusivity and the concentration gradient. In crystals In the crystal solid state, diffusion within the crystal lattice occurs by either interstitial or substitutional mechanisms and is referred to as lattice diffusion. In interstitial lattice diffusion, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silvia Vignolini
Silvia Vignolini (born 1981) is an Italian physicist who is Director of research at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces and Professor of Chemistry and Bio-materials in the Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge. Her research investigates natural photonics structures, the self-assembly of cellulose and light propagation through complex structures. She was awarded the KINGFA young investigator award by the American Chemical Society and the Gibson-Fawcett Award in 2018. Early life and education Vignolini was born in Italy and grew up in Florence. She became interested in physics at high school, and remembers reading ''A Brief History of Time'' as a teenager. She studied materials physics at the University of Florence, which she graduated summa cum laude. She remained at the University of Florence for her doctoral research, where she studied photonic crystals at the European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy supervised by Diederi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyroid Unit Cell Stereo Image
A gyroid is an infinitely connected triply periodic minimal surface discovered by Alan Schoen in 1970. It arises naturally in polymer science and biology, as an interface with high surface area. History and properties The gyroid is the unique non-trivial embedded member of the associate family of the Schwarz P and D surfaces. Its angle of association with respect to the D surface is approximately 38.01°. The gyroid is similar to the lidinoid. The gyroid was discovered in 1970 by NASA scientist Alan Schoen. He calculated the angle of association and gave a convincing demonstration of pictures of intricate plastic models, but did not provide a proof of embeddedness. Schoen noted that the gyroid contains neither straight lines nor planar symmetries. Karcher gave a different, more contemporary treatment of the surface in 1989 using conjugate surface construction. In 1996 Große-Brauckmann and Wohlgemuth proved that it is embedded, and in 1997 Große-Brauckmann provi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
