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Alan Paton
Alan Stewart Paton (11 January 1903 – 12 April 1988) was a South African writer and anti-apartheid activist. His works include the novels '' Cry, the Beloved Country'' (1948), '' Too Late the Phalarope'' (1953), and the short story ''The Waste Land''. Early life Paton was born in Pietermaritzburg in the Colony of Natal (now South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal province), the son of a civil servant (who was of Christadelphian belief) and his wife. After attending Maritzburg College for high school, Paton earned a Bachelor of Science degree at the University of Natal in his hometown. He also got a diploma in education. After graduation, Paton worked as a teacher, first at the Ixopo High School, and subsequently at Maritzburg College. Early career Paton served as the principal of Diepkloof Reformatory for young (native African) offenders from 1935 to 1949. He introduced controversial "progressive" reforms, including policies on open dormitories, work permits, and home visitation. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:Template:Infobox Writer/doc
Infobox writer may be used to summarize information about a person who is a writer/author (includes screenwriters). If the writer-specific fields here are not needed, consider using the more general ; other infoboxes there can be found in :People and person infobox templates. This template may also be used as a module (or sub-template) of ; see WikiProject Infoboxes/embed for guidance on such usage. Syntax The infobox may be added by pasting the template as shown below into an article. All fields are optional. Any unused parameter names can be left blank or omitted. Parameters Please remove any parameters from an article's infobox that are unlikely to be used. All parameters are optional. Unless otherwise specified, if a parameter has multiple values, they should be comma-separated using the template: : which produces: : , language= If any of the individual values contain commas already, add to use semi-colons as separators: : which produces: : , pseu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maxwell Perkins
William Maxwell Evarts "Max" Perkins (September 20, 1884 – June 17, 1947) was an American book editor, best remembered for discovering authors Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, and Thomas Wolfe. Early life and education Perkins was born on September 20, 1884, in New York City, to Elizabeth (Evarts) Perkins, a daughter of William M. Evarts, and Edward Clifford Perkins, a lawyer. He grew up in Plainfield, New Jersey, attended St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire and then graduated from Harvard College in 1907. Although an economics major in college, Perkins also studied under Charles Townsend Copeland, a literature professor who helped prepare Perkins for his career. Career After working as a reporter for ''The New York Times'', Perkins joined the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons in 1910 as an advertising manager, before becoming an editor. At that time, Scribner's was known for publishing older authors such as John Galsworth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White South Africans
White South Africans are South Africans of European descent. In linguistic, cultural, and historical terms, they are generally divided into the Afrikaans-speaking descendants of the Dutch East India Company's original colonists, known as Afrikaners, and the Anglophone descendants of predominantly British colonists of South Africa. White South Africans are by far the largest population of White Africans. ''White'' was a legally defined racial classification during apartheid. White settlement in South Africa began with Dutch colonisation in 1652, followed by British colonisation in the 19th century, which led to tensions and further expansion inland by Boer settlers. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, waves of immigrants from Europe and continued to grow the white population, which peaked in the mid-1990s. Under apartheid, strict racial classifications enforced a legal and economic order that privileged the white minority. Post-apartheid reforms such as Black Economic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bantu Peoples In South Africa
Bantu speaking people are the majority ethno-racial group in South Africa. They are descendants of Southern Bantu-speaking peoples who settled in South Africa during the Bantu expansion. They are referred to in various census as ''blacks'', or ''Native Africans''. History Early history Archaeological evidence suggests that ''Human, Homo sapiens'' inhabited the region for over 100,000 years, with sedentary agriculture occurring since at least 100 CE. Based on prehistorical archaeological evidence of pastoralism and farming in southern Africa, the settlements in sites located in the southernmost region of modern Mozambique established around are some of the oldest and most proximate pieces of archaeological evidence related to the South African Bantu-speaking peoples. Ancient settlements remains found thus far similarly based on pastoralism and farming within South Africa were dated . Around 1220, the Kingdom of Mapungubwe formed in the Shashe River, Shashe-Limpopo River, Limpo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colin Webb (historian)
Professor Colin de Berri Webb (193022 March 1992) was a South African historian, activist, and university administrator, who promoted the teaching of African history. He focused especially on Zulu history and the region of Natal. Early life Born in Pretoria in 1930, Colin Webb attended Pretoria Boys High School. In 1948, on a Barclay's Bank Scholarship, he went to the University of the Witwatersrand, from which he subsequently graduated BA (Hons). In 1955 he went up to Clare College, Cambridge, as an Elsie Ballott scholar. His teachers at Cambridge included Geoffrey Elton. By 1957 he had completed his Cambridge degree, a 2:1 in the modern history tripos. (His degree was upgraded to MA status in 1963.) Webb also gained a teaching diploma from the University of Pretoria. Career Webb began his teaching career at the University of Natal in Durban in 1957. In 1960, he was appointed lecturer there, in History and Political Science. In 1961 or 1962, Webb was promoted to senior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safe House
A safe house (also spelled safehouse) is a dwelling place or building whose unassuming appearance makes it an inconspicuous location where one can hide out, take shelter, or conduct clandestine activities. Historical usage It may also refer to: * in the jargon of law enforcement and intelligence agencies, a secure location, suitable for hiding witnesses, agents or other persons perceived as being in danger * a place where people may go to avoid prosecution of their activities by authorities. Osama bin Laden's compound in Abbottabad has been described as a "safe house". * a location where a trusted adult, family or charity organization provides a haven for victims of domestic abuse (see also: men and/or women's shelter or refuge) * Right of asylum * sanctuary in medieval law * sanctuary in modern times * Church asylum Safe houses were an integral part of the Underground Railroad, the network of safe house locations that were used to assist slaves in escaping to the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Party Of South Africa
The Liberal Party of South Africa was a South African political party from 1953 to 1968. Founding The party was founded on 9 May 1953 at a meeting of the South African Liberal Association in Cape Town. Essentially, it grew out of a belief that the United Party (South Africa), United Party was unable to achieve any real liberal progress in South Africa. Its establishment occurred during the Coloured vote constitutional crisis, "Coloured Vote" Constitutional Crisis of the 1950s, and the division of the Torch Commando on the matter of mixed membership. Founding members of the party included (original positions in the party given): *Margaret Ballinger (South African MP) – President of party *Alan Paton (novelist) – Vice-President *Leo Marquard – Vice President *Dr. Oscar Wolheim – Chairman *Leslie Rubin (South African Senator) – Vice-Chairman *Peter Brown (South African politician), Peter Brown – National Chairman *Violaine Junod *Hilda Kuper *L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edgar Brookes
Professor Edgar Harry Brookes (4 February 1897 – 22 April 1979) was a British-born South African Liberal Party (South Africa), Liberal senator and South African representative to the League of Nations. He initially supported apartheid but his views changed early in his political and academic career. Biography Brookes was born in Smethwick, England in 1897. He attended Maritzburg College in Natal Province, Natal, South Africa where he matriculated in 1911. He attended the University of South Africa and the London School of Economics. Some of his early works are noted for stressing the advantages of separate development of the races in South Africa, but it is noted that his views changed early in his career. Brookes was involved with the South African Institute of Race Relations in the 1920s. He became a senator in 1937 and retired as the senator for Natal Province, Zululand in 1953. Between 1933 and 1945 he was the principal of Adams College. He worked closely with John Dube ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Ballinger
Margaret Ballinger (''née'' Hodgson; 1894–1980) was the first President of the Liberal Party of South Africa and a South African Member of Parliament. In 1944, Ballinger was referred to as the "Queen of the Blacks" by TIME magazine. Biography Margaret Hodgson was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1894 and moved to Cape Colony with her family when she was a child. Her father arrived just before the Boer War and ended up fighting against the British. Hodgson (Ballinger) attended the Huguenot College in Wellington before continuing her education in England. In England she went to Somerville College, Oxford. She taught history when she returned to South Africa at Rhodes University in Grahamstown and University of the Witwatersrand. She stood for election where there were seven representatives for eight million black South Africans against the 140 M.P.s who represented the other 20% of the population. She had stood against other male candidates and talking through an interpreter had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apartheid
Apartheid ( , especially South African English: , ; , ) was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. It was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on ''baasskap'' ( 'boss-ship' or 'boss-hood'), which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority White South Africans, white population. Under this minoritarianism, minoritarian system, white citizens held the highest status, followed by Indian South Africans, Indians, Coloureds and Ethnic groups in South Africa#Black South Africans, black Africans, in that order. The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day, particularly Inequality in post-apartheid South Africa, inequality. Broadly speaking, apartheid was delineated into ''petty apartheid'', which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of South Africa
The Union of South Africa (; , ) was the historical predecessor to the present-day South Africa, Republic of South Africa. It came into existence on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the British Cape Colony, Cape, Colony of Natal, Natal, Transvaal Colony, Transvaal, and Orange River Colony, Orange River colonies. It included the territories that were formerly part of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. Following World War I, the Union of South Africa was a signatory of the Treaty of Versailles and became one of the Member states of the League of Nations, founding members of the League of Nations. It was League of Nations mandate, mandated by the League with the administration of South West Africa (now known as Namibia). South West Africa became treated in most respects as another province of the Union, but it never was formally annexed. The Union of South Africa was a self-governing dominion of the British Empire. Its full sovereignty was confirmed with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Party (South Africa)
The National Party (, NP), also known as the Nationalist Party, was a political party in South Africa from 1914 to 1997, which was responsible for the implementation of Apartheid, apartheid rule. The party was an Afrikaner nationalism, Afrikaner ethnic nationalist party, which initially promoted the interests of Afrikaners but later became a stalwart promoter and enactor of white supremacy, for which it is best known. It first became the governing party of the country in 1924. It merged with its rival, the South African Party (SAP), during the Great Depression, 1929-1939 Great Depression, and a splinter faction, the Herenigde Nasionale Party, Re-United National Party became the official opposition during World War II and won power in 1948. With the National Party governing South Africa from 1948 South African general election, 4 June 1948 until 1994 South African general election, 9 May 1994, the country for the bulk of this time was only a ''de jure'' or partial democracy, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
