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Akram Shammaa
Prince Akram Shammaa Al Zengi (Mohammad Akram Bin Mostafa Bin Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III; Arabic: محمد اكرم شماع بن مصطفى بن محمد شماع الزنكي; August 8, 1930 – June 9, 2012) was a Prince of Al Zengid Dynasty. He was a politician, lawyer and real estate investor. He was a descendant of the Zengid Dynasty that ruled Syria and parts of Iraq between 1127 and 1234 Early life Prince Akram was the second son of Mostafa Shammaa Al Zengi the 4th son Prince Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III. Prince Akram began his schooling at The Islamic college before going to the law school at University of Damascus, he graduated in 1964. Prince Akram was an activist in the civil rights movement and an opposition leader. He opposed the Military regimes that stamped the era of the Syrian history between the 1950s and 1970s including Adib al-Shishakli, Husni al-Za'im and Hafez al-Assad. Career He worked as a lawyer between 1964 and 1967 when he was banned from pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammed III Shammaa Zengi
Prince Mohammad Shammaa Zengi III (Mohammad Bin Abdullah Bin Mohammad Zengi, 1883–1954; Arabic language, Arabic: محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد شماع الزنكي ) was a member and prince of the Zengid Dynasty in Syria, and magnate, one of the pillars in the Syrian textile industry. He opposed the Government of Syria, Syrian government's decision in 1947 to seize his family's assets and feudal properties that had been loaned to the Islamic endowment (الاوقاف) since 1856.My diary, pages from the modern history of Syria Hasan al Hakim Arabic: مذكراتي صفحات من تاريخ سورية الحديث 1920-1958 , حسن الحكيم He was succeeded by Prince Akram Shammaa Zengi References Zengid dynasty People from Aleppo 1883 births 1954 deaths {{Syria-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corrective Movement (Syria)
The Corrective Movement ( ar, الحركة التصحيحية ''al-Ḥarakah at-Taṣḥīḥīyah''), also referred to as the Corrective Revolution or 1970 coup, is the name of a bloodless coup d'état led by General Hafez Assad on 13 November 1970. Assad proclaimed to sustain and improve the "nationalist socialist line" of the state and the Ba'ath party. Assad would rule Syria until his death in 2000, after which he was succeeded by his son Bashar Assad. Events Al-Assad started planning to seize power shortly after the failed Syrian military intervention in the Black September crisis in Jordan. While Al-Assad had been in ''de facto'' command of Syrian politics since 1969, Salah Jadid and his supporters still held all the formal trappings of power. After attending Gamal Abdel Nasser's funeral, Al-Assad returned to Syria to attend the Emergency National Congress held on 30 October 1970. At the congress, Al-Assad was condemned by Jadid and his supporters, who formed the maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Zengid Dynasty
A coat typically is an outer garment for the upper body as worn by either gender for warmth or fashion. Coats typically have long sleeves and are open down the front and closing by means of buttons, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, toggles, a belt, or a combination of some of these. Other possible features include collars, shoulder straps and hoods. Etymology ''Coat'' is one of the earliest clothing category words in English, attested as far back as the early Middle Ages. (''See also'' Clothing terminology.) The Oxford English Dictionary traces ''coat'' in its modern meaning to c. 1300, when it was written ''cote'' or ''cotte''. The word coat stems from Old French and then Latin ''cottus.'' It originates from the Proto-Indo-European word for woolen clothes. An early use of ''coat'' in English is coat of mail (chainmail), a tunic-like garment of metal rings, usually knee- or mid-calf length. History The origins of the Western-style coat can be traced to the sleeved, clos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Riam Shammaa Al-Zengi
Prince Akram Shammaa Al Zengi (Mohammad Akram Bin Mostafa Bin Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III; Arabic: محمد اكرم شماع بن مصطفى بن محمد شماع الزنكي; August 8, 1930 – June 9, 2012) was a Prince of Al Zengid Dynasty. He was a politician, lawyer and real estate investor. He was a descendant of the Zengid Dynasty that ruled Syria and parts of Iraq between 1127 and 1234 Early life Prince Akram was the second son of Mostafa Shammaa Al Zengi the 4th son Prince Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III. Prince Akram began his schooling at The Islamic college before going to the law school at University of Damascus, he graduated in 1964. Prince Akram was an activist in the civil rights movement and an opposition leader. He opposed the Military regimes that stamped the era of the Syrian history between the 1950s and 1970s including Adib al-Shishakli, Husni al-Za'im and Hafez al-Assad. Career He worked as a lawyer between 1964 and 1967 when he was banned from pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Mohammad Shammaa Al-Zengi III
Prince Mohammad Shammaa Zengi III (Mohammad Bin Abdullah Bin Mohammad Zengi, 1883–1954; Arabic: محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد شماع الزنكي ) was a member and prince of the Zengid Dynasty in Syria, and one of the pillars in the Syrian textile industry. He opposed the Syrian government's decision in 1947 to seize his family's assets and feudal properties that had been loaned to the Islamic endowment (الاوقاف) since 1856.My diary, pages from the modern history of Syria Hasan al Hakim Arabic: مذكراتي صفحات من تاريخ سورية الحديث 1920-1958 , حسن الحكيم He was succeeded by Prince Akram Shammaa Zengi Prince Akram Shammaa Al Zengi (Mohammad Akram Bin Mostafa Bin Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III; Arabic: محمد اكرم شماع بن مصطفى بن محمد شماع الزنكي; August 8, 1930 – June 9, 2012) was a Prince of Al Zengid Dynast ... References Zengid dynasty People from Aleppo 1883 births 195 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Zengi
Imad al-Din Zengi ( ar, عماد الدین زنكي; – 14 September 1146), also romanized as Zangi, Zengui, Zenki, and Zanki, was a Turkmen atabeg, who ruled Mosul, Aleppo, Hama, and, later, Edessa. He was the namesake of the Zengid dynasty. Early life Zengi's father, Aq Sunqur al-Hajib, governor of Aleppo under Malik-Shah I, was beheaded by Tutush I for treason in 1094. At the time, Zengi was about 10 years old and brought up by Kerbogha, the governor of Mosul. Zengi against Damascus Following the death in 1128 of Toghtekin, ''atabeg'' of Damascus, a power vacuum threatened to open Syria to renewed Crusader aggression. Zengi became ''atabeg'' of Mosul in 1127 and of Aleppo in 1128, uniting the two cities under his personal rule, and was formally invested as their ruler by the Sultan Mahmud II. Zengi had supported the young sultan against his rival, the caliph al-Mustarshid. In 1130 Zengi allied with Taj al-Mulk Buri of Damascus against the Crusaders, but this w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amin Maalouf
Amin Maalouf (; ar, أمين معلوف; born 25 February 1949) is a Lebanese-born French"Amin Maalouf" , Modern Arab writers. author who has lived in France since 1976."About the author" with Amin Maalouf. Although his native language is Arabic, he writes in French, and his works have been translated into over 40 languages. Of his several works of nonfiction, '' The Crusades through Arab Eyes'' is probably the best known. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Riam Shammaa Al Zengi
Prince Akram Shammaa Al Zengi (Mohammad Akram Bin Mostafa Bin Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III; Arabic: محمد اكرم شماع بن مصطفى بن محمد شماع الزنكي; August 8, 1930 – June 9, 2012) was a Prince of Al Zengid Dynasty. He was a politician, lawyer and real estate investor. He was a descendant of the Zengid Dynasty that ruled Syria and parts of Iraq between 1127 and 1234 Early life Prince Akram was the second son of Mostafa Shammaa Al Zengi the 4th son Prince Mohammad Shammaa Al Zengi III. Prince Akram began his schooling at The Islamic college before going to the law school at University of Damascus, he graduated in 1964. Prince Akram was an activist in the civil rights movement and an opposition leader. He opposed the Military regimes that stamped the era of the Syrian history between the 1950s and 1970s including Adib al-Shishakli, Husni al-Za'im and Hafez al-Assad. Career He worked as a lawyer between 1964 and 1967 when he was banned from prac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebanese Civil War
The Lebanese Civil War ( ar, الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية, translit=Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted armed conflict that took place from 1975 to 1990. It resulted in an estimated 120,000 fatalities and an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon. The diversity of the Lebanese people, Lebanese population played a notable role in the lead-up to and during the conflict: Lebanese Sunni Muslims, Sunni Muslims and Christianity in Lebanon, Christians comprised the majority in the coastal cities; Shia Islam, Shia Muslims were primarily based in Southern Lebanon, the south and the Beqaa Valley in the east; and Lebanese Druze, Druze and Christians populated the country's mountainous areas. The Lebanese government had been run under the significant influence of elites within the Lebanese Maronite Christians, Maronite Christian community. The link between politics and religion had been reinforced under the Mandate for Syria and Lebanon, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Authoritarian
Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political ''status quo'', and reductions in the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic voting. Political scientists have created many typologies describing variations of authoritarian forms of government. Authoritarian regimes may be either autocratic or oligarchic and may be based upon the rule of a party or the military. States that have a blurred boundary between democracy and authoritarianism have some times been characterized as "hybrid democracies", "hybrid regimes" or "competitive authoritarian" states. The political scientist Juan Linz, in an influential 1964 work, ''An Authoritarian Regime: Spain'', defined authoritarianism as possessing four qualities: # Limited political pluralism, is realized with constraints on the legislature, political parties and interest groups. # Political legitimacy is based upon appeals to e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rifaat Al-Assad
Rifaat Ali al-Assad ( ar, رِفْعَتُ عَلِيِّ ٱلْأَسَدِ, Rifʿat al-ʾAsad; born 22 August 1937) is the younger brother of the late President of Syria, Hafez Assad, and Jamil al-Assad, and the uncle of the incumbent President Bashar al-Assad. He is alleged by some sources to be the commanding officer responsible for the Hama massacre of 1982. Later declassified material backs his claims that his brother Hafez al-Assad was responsible, as do a number of commentators. Despite accusations, Rifaat has always denied culpability. Rifaat lived in exile in France for 36 years and returned to Syria in October 2021 after being found guilty in France of acquiring millions of euros diverted from the Syrian state. In September 2022, France's highest court, the Cour de Cassation, confirmed the ruling. Early life and education Rifaat al-Assad was born in the village of Qardaha, near Lattakia in western Syria on 22 August 1937. He studied Political Science and Economics a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
