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Aiphanes Acanthophylla
''Aiphanes minima'' is a spiny palm tree which is native to the insular Caribbean from Hispaniola to Grenada, and widely cultivated elsewhere. Usually tall, it sometimes grows as an understorey tree and only in height. Description ''Aiphanes minima'' is a single-stemmed, spiny palm with pinnately compound leaves—rows of leaflets emerge on either side of the axis of the leaf in a feather-like or fern-like pattern. Stems are usually tall, though occasionally as little as tall and in diameter. Younger stems are covered with rings of black spines, but on older stems these are often lost. Individuals bear 10–20 leaves which are pinnately compound, bearing 18 to 34 pairs of leaflets along a central rachis that is long. The leaflets are borne in a single plane, and are usually linear in shape, but sometimes widen towards their apex, especially in Puerto Rico. The lower surface of the leaf can be covered with spines up to long or can be unarmed; the upper surface has a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Gaertner
Joseph Gaertner (12 March 1732 – 14 July 1791) was a German botanist, best known for his work on seeds, '' De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum'' (1788-1792). Biography He was born in Calw, and studied in Göttingen under Albrecht von Haller. He was primarily a naturalist, but also worked at physics and zoology. He travelled extensively to visit other naturalists. He was professor of anatomy in Tübingen in 1760, and was appointed professor of botany at St Petersburg in 1768, but returned to Calw in 1770. Gaertner made back cross to convert one species into another. Back cross increases nuclear gene frequency His observations were: 1. Dominance of traits 2. Equal contribution of male and female to the progeny 3. No variation in F1 (first generation of descendants) 4. Large variation in F2 (second generation of descendants) including parental and intermediate types 5. Some of F2 plants had entirely new traits but he was unable to give possible explanation for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiphanes
''Aiphanes'' is a genus of spiny palms which is native to tropical regions of South and Central America and the Caribbean.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families There are about 26 species in the genus (see below), ranging in size from understorey shrubs with subterranean stems to subcanopy trees as tall as . Most have pinnately compound leaves (leaves which are divided into leaflets arranged feather-like, in pairs along a central axis); one species has entire leaves. Stems, leaves and sometimes even the fruit are covered with spines. Plants flower repeatedly over the course of their lifespan and have separate male and female flowers, although these are borne together on the same inflorescence. Although records of pollinators are limited, most species appear to be pollinated by insects. The fruit are eaten by several birds and mammals, including at least two species of amazon parrots. Carl Ludwig Willdenow coined the name ''Aiphanes'' in 1801. Before that, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinidad And Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago (, ), officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean. Consisting of the main islands Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous much List of islands of Trinidad and Tobago, smaller islands, it is situated south of Grenada and off the coast of northeastern Venezuela. It shares maritime boundary, maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast, Grenada to the northwest and Venezuela to the south and west. Trinidad and Tobago is generally considered to be part of the West Indies. The island country's capital is Port of Spain, while its largest and most populous city is San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago, San Fernando. The island of Trinidad was inhabited for centuries by Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous peoples before becoming a colony in the Spanish Empire, following the arrival of Christopher Columbus, in 1498. Spanish governor José María Chacón surrendered the island to a British fleet under t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiphanes Eggersii
''Aiphanes eggersii'', known locally as corozo, is a species of spiney, pinnately leaved palm which is native to the coastal plain of Ecuador and adjacent dry forests of Peru. Description ''Aiphanes eggersii'' is a small, multi-stemmed palm tall with up to 10 stems. Stems are in diameter. Stems are covered with black or grey spines up to long. Individuals have between 7 and 10 leaves which consists of a leaf sheath, a petiole and a rachis. Leaf sheaths, which wrap around the stem, are about long and are covered with black or grey spines up to long. Petioles are long and spiny. Rachises are with 50 to 65 pairs of leaflets (or more rarely as few as 30 pairs). Inflorescences consist of a peduncle and a rachis long. The rachis bears 35 to 75 rachillae, which are the smaller branches which themselves bear the flowers. Flowers are borne in groups consisting of one female and two male flowers. The male flowers are yellow, while the female flowers are yellow with bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiphanes Aculeata
''Aiphanes horrida'' is a palm native to northern South America and Trinidad and Tobago. ''Aiphanes horrida'' is a solitary, spiny tree. In the wild it grows 3–10 metres tall (9–30 feet) tall with a stem diameter of 6–10 centimetres (2–4 inches); cultivated trees may be as much as 15 m (49') tall with a 15 cm (6") diameter. The epicarp and mesocarp of the fruit are rich in carotene and are eaten in Colombia, while the seeds are used to make candles. In parts of the Colombian Llanos endocarps are used to play games. The range of the species is found in dry forests between sea level and 1700 m (5600') above sea level in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela, but is not native to Ecuador. The species is cultivated as an ornamental throughout the tropics. Many authors, including Henderson ''et al.'' (1995) and Borchenius and Bernal (1996) use ''A. aculeata'' rather than ''A. horrida'', giving Jacquin's description of ''Caryota horrida' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodrigo Bernal
Rodrigo Bernal González (born June 6, 1959 in Medellín) is a Colombian botanist who specialises in the palm family. Bernal was a faculty member at the Institute of Natural Sciences, National University of Colombia until 2007. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Aarhus, Denmark, in 1996. He was general curator of the National Colombian Herbarium (1986-1987), and editor of the scientific journal Caldasia (1989-1991, 1997-1999). Bernal has published five books and 105 scientific papers and book chapters, most on them on palm systematics, ecology, uses and conservation. He has described one new genus (''Sabinaria'') and 25 new species of palms in the genera ''Aiphanes'', ''Astrocaryum'', ''Bactris'', ''Chamaedorea'', ''Geonoma'', ''Oenocarpus'', ''Sabinaria'', ''Socratea'', and ''Wettinia''. He has described also new species in the plant families Cyclanthaceae, Sapindaceae, and Caprifoliaceae. Bernal coauthored a ''Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas'' and a fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astrocaryum
''Astrocaryum'' is a genus of about 36 to 40 species of palms native to Central and South America and Trinidad. Description ''Astrocaryum'' is a genus of spiny palms with pinnately compound leaves–rows of leaflets emerge on either side of the axis of the leaf in a feather-like or fern-like pattern. Some species are single-stemmed, while others grow in multi-stemmed (caespitose) clumps. They are pleonanthic—they flower repeatedly over the course of their lifespan—and monoecious, meaning that there are separate male and female flowers, but individuals plants bear both types of flowers. Taxonomy History The type species, ''Astrocaryum aculeatum'', was first described by German botanist Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Meyer in 1818 based on a specimen from the Essequibo River in Guyana. Species One well known member of the genus is ''Astrocaryum vulgare'', typical in the Pará state of Brazil. ''Astrocaryum mexicanum'', a common palm of the Caribbean coast of Central America, is kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrocomia
''Acrocomia'' is a genus of palms which is native to the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico in the north, through Central America and the Caribbean, and through South America south to Argentina. Description ''Acrocomia'' is a genus of spiny, pinnate-leaved palms which range from large trees to small palms with short, subterranean stems. The species bears branched inflorescences which are located among the leaves. The unisexual flowers; female flowers are born near the base of the inflorescence, while male flowers are borne towards the tips. Fruit are large, single-seeded, and vary in colour from yellow, to orange, to brown. Ricardo Vargas‑Carpintero et al. have concluded that "main research gaps are associated with genotype–environment interaction, planting material, crop management, and sustainable cropping systems. Overall, we conclude that acrocomia is at an early phase of development as an alternative and multipurpose crop and its up-scaling requires the integration of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bactris
''Bactris'' is a genus of spiny palms which are native to Mexico, South and Central America and the Caribbean. Most species are small trees about tall, but some are large trees while others are shrubs with subterranean stems. They have simple or pinnately compound leaves and yellow, orange, red or purple-black fruit. The genus is most closely related to several other spiny palms—'' Acrocomia'', ''Aiphanes'', ''Astrocaryum'' and ''Desmoncus''. The fruit of several species is edible, most notably '' B. gasipaes'', while others are used medicinally or for construction. The ancestors of the genus are believed to have entered South America during the late Cretaceous. ''Bactris'' shows high rates of speciation. Description Both stems and leaves of ''Bactris'' species are generally covered with spines. Stems generally bear spines on the internodes; in '' B. glaucescens'' and '' B. setulosa'' spines are also present on the nodes. A few species lack spines on their stems. All specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmoncus
''Desmoncus'' is a genus of mostly climbing, spiny palms native to the Neotropics. The genus extends from Mexico in the north to Brazil and Bolivia in the south, with two species present in the southeastern Caribbean ( Trinidad and the Windward Islands).Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1–223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Description ''Desmoncus'' is best known as a genus of climbing palms. Twenty-three of the 24 species recognised by Andrew Henderson in his revision of the genus are climbers; only one, '' D. stans'' is free-standing. Almost all Neotropical climbing palms belong to ''Desmoncus''—the one exception being ''Chamaedorea elatior''. ''Desmoncus'' leaves are pinnately compound and are made up of a leaf sheath, petioles, rachis, and individual leaflets. The ends of the leaves are modified into a climbing structure called a cirrus. Instead of leaflets, the cirrus usually has grappling hook-like s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bactridinae
Bactridinae is a subtribe of plants in the family Arecaceae found in the New World. Genera in the subtribe are: *'' Acrocomia'' – Americas *''Astrocaryum'' – Americas *''Aiphanes'' – NW South America, Caribbean *'' Bactris'' – South America, Central America, Caribbean *''Desmoncus ''Desmoncus'' is a genus of mostly climbing, spiny palms native to the Neotropics. The genus extends from Mexico in the north to Brazil and Bolivia in the south, with two species present in the southeastern Caribbean (Trinidad and the Windwar ...'' – South America, Central America See also * List of Arecaceae genera References External links Arecaceae subtribes {{Areceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocoseae
Cocoseae is a tribe of cocosoid palms of the family Arecaceae. Description The fruit of the Cocoseae is a modified drupe, with a sclerenchymatous epicarp and a highly developed mesocarp, formed mainly by parenchyma . The endocarp is generally sclerenchymatous and protects the seeds from predation and drying. The most obvious synapomorphy In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to hav ... of the species of this tribe is the presence, in the endocarp, of three or more "eyes" or pores of germination. Distribution The Cocoseae are distributed mainly in the Neotropical regions, with two genera endemic to Africa (''Jubaeopsis'' and ''Elaeis'') and Madagascar ( ''Beccariophoenix'' and ''Voanioala'' ), respectively. Systematics The Cocoseae in the sense of Dransfield et al. (2008) are id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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