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Aibling
Bad Aibling (; ) is a spa town and former district seat in Bavaria on the river Mangfall, located some southeast of Munich. It features a luxury health resort with a peat pulp bath and mineral spa. History Bad Aibling and its surroundings were settled by Celtic tribes from about 500BC until 15BC. After Roman occupation, it was finally settled by Bavarii tribes in the 5th century AD. In 804, Bad Aibling was mentioned for the first time as "Epininga". In mediaeval times, it was an administrative centre in the lordship of the Counts of Falkenstein. In 1166, it was mentioned in the Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis as "Aibilingen". After the obliteration of the Neuburg-Falkenstein dynasty, it became part of the realm of the Wittelsbach family. In 1845, the first treatments with peat pulp were offered by the physician Desiderius Beck. Bad Aibling received the title "Bad" (spa or springs) in 1895. In the year 1933, Bad Aibling officially became a town. After the Second Wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bad Aibling Rail Accident
On 9 February 2016, two Meridian (commuter rail), Meridian-branded passenger trains head-on collision, collided head-on at Bad Aibling, Germany. Of approximately 150 people on board the two trains, 12 people died and 85 others were injured, 24 critically. Two months after the crash, investigators announced that it had been caused by a Deutsche Bahn train Train dispatcher, dispatcher who gave incorrect orders to the two trains while distracted by a game he was playing on his mobile phone. The dispatcher further compounded his error when, upon realizing it, he tried to send emergency codes to the trains but entered the wrong combination into his computer. Crash The incident occurred on the single-track Mangfall Valley Railway (), at a curve between the stations of Kolbermoor and Bad Aibling, Bad Aibling-Kurpark in Bavaria, close to the Bad Aibling sewage works. The two trains were Stadler FLIRT, Stadler 3 multiple-units, operated under the Meridian (commuter rail), Meridian brand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Station 81
The Bad Aibling Station (BAS), also known as the 18th United States Army Security Agency Field Station, Field station 81, and Hortensie III is a satellite tracking station operated by the German SIGINT agency BND from nearby ''Mangfall Barracks'' in Bad Aibling, Bavaria. Created by the Western Allies in 1947, it had been operated by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) until the early 2000s as operations have been transferred to the BND at Bad Aibling Station closure. As part of the global surveillance network ECHELON, Bad Aibling used to be one of the larger listening posts outside the USA and equalled its counterparts RAF Menwith Hill (UK), the Joint Defence Facility Pine Gap (AUS) and CFS Leitrim (CDN). History In 1936 a military airfield was established by the German National Socialist government at the site of a sport airfield in Bad Aibling-Mietraching. After the Second World War, troops of the United States Army seized the military airport ("Fliegerhorst" and fli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desiderius Beck
Desiderius Beck (January 12, 1804 – August 11, 1877) was a royal Bavarian court physician. In 1845 he opened the first Bavarian brine and mud bathing establishment in Bad Aibling on Rosengasse, which later became Ludwigsbad. Beck failed due to a lack of entrepreneurial skills and the general rejection of the Aiblingen population. It was not until 1857 that the railway began to supply Bad Aibling with visitors that the entrepreneur Karl von Berüff took up Beck's idea. His bathing establishment was named Ludwigsbad in 1871 in honor of the King of Bavaria. The recognition of Beck's services to Bad Aibling was delayed; he received honorary citizenship of the city in 1875, only two years before his death. In 2007, his concept of a combination of mud and brine therapy was resumed with the opening of the Bad Aibling thermal baths. Before that, peat pulp baths were Bad Aibling's only therapeutic remedy for decades. Today the city of Bad Aibling awards the Desiderius Beck Medal, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwigsbad
The former spa hotel Ludwigsbad in Bad Aibling was Bavaria’s first peat pulp spa and the world’s first saline peat pulp health resort. Its origins date back to a "Soolen- und Moorschlamm-Badeanstalt" founded by the royal Bavarian court physician Desiderius Beck in 1845. History 19th century In the middle of the 19th century, the spa was the centre of Bad Aibling's health resort A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs. In the era before modern biochemistry and pharmaco ... business. Despite this, it got into economic difficulties, which were solved when the spa was taken over by the entrepreneur Karl von Berüff."Zur Gründungszeit eine Weltneuheit". Oberbayerisches Volksblatt. 24. September 2011. https://www.ovb-online.de/rosenheim/bad-aibling/gruendungszeit-eine-weltneuheit-1418813.html (in German) File:Ludwigsbad 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Intelligence Service (Germany)
The Federal Intelligence Service (, ; BND) is the foreign intelligence agency of Germany, directly subordinate to the Chancellor's Office. The BND headquarters is located in central Berlin. The BND has 300 locations in Germany and foreign countries. In 2016, it employed around 6,500 people; 10% of them are military personnel who are formally employed by the Office for Military Sciences. The BND is the largest agency of the German Intelligence Community. The BND was founded during the Cold War in 1956 as the official foreign intelligence agency of West Germany, which had recently joined NATO, and in close cooperation with the CIA. It was the successor to the earlier Gehlen Organization, often known simply as "The Organization" or "The Org", a West German intelligence organization affiliated with the CIA whose existence had not been officially acknowledged. The most central figure in the BND's history was general Reinhard Gehlen, the leader of the Gehlen Organization and lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Eikonal
Operation Eikonal is a collaboration between the National Security Agency (NSA) and ''Bundesnachrichtendienst'' (BND) for the sharing of telephony and Internet data captured in Germany. It is based on an agreement that dates to 2002, and is part of the NSA operation " RAMPART-A". Surveillance started in 2003, telephony data was collected from 2004 onwards, and all Internet traffic from the Deutsche Telekom (DT) switching center in Frankfurt was captured starting in 2005. To obtain the data, the BND and DT worked together. The agents rented two rooms in the DT data center in Frankfurt where the fiber optic data cable owned by DT was spliced into, and a copy of the data was captured. DT received 6000 euros monthly for its role in giving access to data. A filtering program named ''Dafis'' was used to prevent the sharing of data from German citizens; however, that filter was estimated to be only 95% effective, meaning that 5% of data was obtained in breach of Germany's constitution (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peat Pulp Bath
A peat pulp bath, a form of peloid therapy, is a bath prepared of peat pulp from wetlands. Balneotherapy in form of peat pulp baths is offered in many health resorts. Its therapeutic principle is based on thermal and/or biochemical effects of peloid application on the human body. History Paracelsus described "moor" as a remedy for certain diseases. Later, soldiers of Napoleon learnt about peat pulp and mud baths in Egypt and brought this knowledge to Europe. Jérôme Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother gave command to erect the first health resort with peat applications for his troops after the Battle of Leipzig in Bad Nenndorf. However, an earlier peat pulp resort has been alleged to have existed in Bad Pyrmont in 1802. In the 19th century, peat pulp resorts have been founded in many European health resorts including Marienbad (1813), Franzensbad (1827), Karlsbad (1836) and Bad Aibling (1845). Mechanism of action The exact mechanism, by which balneotherapy with peat pulp unfol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Security Agency
The National Security Agency (NSA) is an intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense, under the authority of the director of national intelligence (DNI). The NSA is responsible for global monitoring, collection, and processing of information and data for global intelligence and counterintelligence purposes, specializing in a discipline known as signals intelligence (SIGINT). The NSA is also tasked with the protection of U.S. communications networks and information systems. The NSA relies on a variety of measures to accomplish its mission, the majority of which are clandestine. The NSA has roughly 32,000 employees. Originating as a unit to decipher coded communications in World War II, it was officially formed as the NSA by President Harry S. Truman in 1952. Between then and the end of the Cold War, it became the largest of the U.S. intelligence organizations in terms of personnel and budget. Still, information available as of 2013 indicates that the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangfall
The Mangfall () is a river of Upper Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Inn. The Mangfall is the outflow of the Tegernsee lake and discharges into the Inn in Rosenheim. The Mangfall is long. Towns and villages on the Mangfall * Gmund am Tegernsee * Valley * Weyarn * Grub (district of Valley) * Feldkirchen-Westerham * Feldolling * Bruckmühl * (district of Bruckmühl) * (district of Bruckmühl) * Bad Aibling * Kolbermoor * Rosenheim See also *List of rivers of Germany **List of rivers of Bavaria A list of rivers of Bavaria, Germany: A * Aalbach * Abens * Ach * Afferbach * Affinger Bach * Ailsbach * Aisch * Aiterach * Alpbach *Alster * Altmühl * Alz * Amper * Anlauter * Arbach * Arbachgraben * Aschaff * Aschbach * Attel * Aubach, tributa ... References External links bike trail along the MangfallFlux of the Mangfall in Rosenheim during the last 30 days {{Authority control Rivers of Bavaria Miesbach (district) Rosenheim (district) Rivers of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counts Of Falkenstein (Bavaria)
The counts of Falkenstein (from 1125 referred to as counts of Falkenstein-Neuburg) were a medieval noble dynasty from Bavaria. The family flourished under the rule of the Hohenstaufen emperors. Present Count of Falkenstein is Count Paschal of Falkenstein who now resides in Ireland. Properties The counts of Falkenstein had their oldest possessions in the upper Vils valley near Taufkirchen and the valley of the Inn river (in the present-day Rosenheim district of Upper Bavaria). At the heights of their powers they controlled a wide region extending into Tyrol, in the Mangfall valley, as well as in the Chiemgau region and modern Lower Austria. According to the ''Codex Falkensteinensis'' urbarium compiled in 1166, major domiciles of the Falkenstein counts were the ancestral seat of Falkenstein über dem Inn (near Flintsbach) as well as the castles of Neuburg (near Vagen), Hartmannsberg in Chiemgau (near Bad Endorf), and Hernstein in Lower Austria. Later acquisitions included Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Diplomaticus Falkensteinensis
The Codex Falkensteinensis (also referred to as Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis or Liber traditionum comitatus Neuenburg-Falkenstein) is an important medieval manuscript. It was written in 1166 as a feud directory and urbarium by Canon regular, Canons of the Herreninsel, Herrenchiemsee monastery, commissioned by the House of Falkenstein (Bavaria), Counts of Neuburg-Falkenstein. Composed at the Neuburg castle near Vagen, Germany, Vagen it is considered the only preserved secular codex from the Hohenstaufen era, the oldest extant book of conveyances from a secular lordship and the oldest European family archive. The original Latin version is preserved in the archives of the Bavarian state, a second Middle High German edition is lost. Historical and legal significance The Codex Falkensteinensis, written in medieval Latin, lists possessions and estates of the Counts of Falkenstein, covering a large area between the Bavarian Mangfall valley, today's South Tyrol and Lower Austria, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Therme Bad Aibling
Therma or Thermē (, ) is the unknown city incorporated into the new city of Thessaloniki by the Macedonians on its synoecism and foundation. Little is known of literary Therma, including its exact location. Thessaloniki is the second-largest city in Greece. It surrounds the entire north of the Thermaic Gulf, named after its predecessor. Exactly where Therma was remains a mystery. There is not much room for archaeological excavation between all the modern skyscrapers, and the parklands are valued as such. However, two large habitation mounds remain available and have been extensively excavated. No literary or inscriptional fragment ties them to Therma. The pottery is Greek, but such is the case for any settlement of the times around the Aegean, regardless of known language or ethnic connections. Nearly all of Lower Macedonia was Macedonianized in classical times by the aggressive Argead dynasty, in which the original Thessaloniki, half-sister of Alexander the Great, became queen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
