Bad Aibling () is a spa town and former district seat in Bavaria on the river Mangfall, located some southeast of Munich. It features a luxury health resort with a peat pulp bath and mineral spa.

History

Bad Aibling and its surroundings were settled by Celtic tribes from about 500BC until 15BC. After Roman occupation, it was finally settled by

Bavarii The Baiuvarii or Bavarians (german: Bajuwaren) were a Germanic people. The Baiuvarii had settled modern-day Bavaria (which is named after them), Austria, and South Tyrol by the 6th century AD, and are considered the ancestors of modern-day Bava ...

tribes in the 5th century AD. In 804 Bad Aibling was mentioned for the first time as "Epininga". In mediaeval times, it was an administrative centre in the lordship of the Counts of Falkenstein. In 1166 it was mentionead in the Codex diplomaticus Falkensteinensis as "Aibilingen". After the obliteration of the Neuburg-Falkenstein dynasty, it became part of the realm of the Wittelsbach family. In 1845 the first treatments with peat pulp were offered by the physician

Desiderius Beck Desiderius Beck (January 12, 1804 – August 11, 1877) was a royal Bavarian court physician. In 1845 he opened the first Bavarian brine and mud bathing establishment in Bad Aibling on Rosengasse, which later became Ludwigsbad. Beck failed due to ...

. Bad Aibling received the title "Bad" (spa or springs) in 1895. In the year 1933, Bad Aibling officially became a town. After the Second World War, Bad Aibling was the site of POW Discharge Center #26, where German POWs were released from captivity to civilian status. In 1946, a DP camp housing former members of the Royal Yugoslav Army was set up on the grounds of the town's airbase. The camp was first operated by UNRRA, and later by the IRO. From 1948 onwards, the area was home to the ''IRO Children's Village'', a DP camp for unaccompanied children and youth belonging to more than 20 nationalities. Over 2,300 inhabitants passed through this facility (the largest of its kind in the US Zone) before it was closed in late 1951. Later, the area evolved into a major centre for intelligence organizations and secret services. In 2005 the American Bad Aibling

ECHELON ECHELON, originally a secret government code name, is a surveillance program (signals intelligence/SIGINT collection and analysis network) operated by the five signatory states to the UKUSA Security Agreement:Given the 5 dialects that use ...

station ( Field Station 81) closed after several decades of operation. After the departure of the NSA, parts of the station have been used by the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), with NSA employees moving to the Mangfall barracks. The radomes are still used intensively. The station is used in cooperation with the NSA, which provides the BND with search terms (such as email addresses), which then forwards the results back to the NSA. The Thermae opened in 2007, complementing the traditional peat pulp baths with mineral water ( Desiderius-Quelle). In the same year, the historical Ludwigsbad spa hotel, the nucleus of Bad Aibling's health resort business, burned down due to arson. On 9 February 2016, a serious railway accident occurred near the town when two passenger trains collided, causing 11 fatalities.

Geography and demographics

The town of Bad Aibling, with about 18,000 inhabitants, is at

above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...

and covers an area of . Bad Aibling consists of the neighborhoods ( Stadtteile) of Abel, Adlfurt, Bad Aibling Mitte, Berbling, Ellmosen, Fachendorf, Gröben, Harthausen, Haslach, Heimathsberg, Heinrichsdorf, Holzhausen, Köckbrunn, Markfeld, Mietraching, Mitterham, Moos, Natternberg, Thalacker, Thürham, Unterheufeld, Weg, Westen, Westerham, Willing, and Zell. File:Bad aibling glonn.png, Glonn river in downtown File:Bad aibling kirchzeile.png, Kirchzeile with Hofberg File:Bad aibling kirchzeile_2.png, Obere Kirchzeile File:Bad aibling klein_venedig.png, "Klein Venedig" (Little Venice) File:Bad aibling moorabbau.png, Peat mining in the Schuhbräu-Filze File:Bad aibling rosenheimer_str.png, Inner Rosenheimer Straße File:Bad aibling sebastianik.png, St. Sebastian's church File:Radomes of Bad Aibling Station 1.jpg, ECHELON station File:Bad aibling station 2.jpg, ECHELON station File:Bad aibling station 3.jpg, ECHELON station File:Bad aibling station 4.jpg, ECHELON station File:Bad Aibling Theresienmonument-1.jpg, Theresienmonument File:Bad aibling zentralfriedhof.png, Italian style central cemetery File:Bad Aibling, straatzicht langs het water 2012-08-06 15.05.JPG, Water through the town File:Bad Aibling, straatzicht2 Bahnhofstrasse-Sedanstrasse 2012-08-06 14.51.jpg, Bahnhofstrasse-Sedanstrasse File:Bad Aibling, straatzicht3 Bahnhofstrasse 2012-08-06 14.55.jpg, View to a street: die Bahnhofstrasse File:Klafferer_hofberg.png, View from the Klafferer to Hofberg

Economy and infrastructure

In Bad Aibling there are several large spa hotels and rehabilitation hospitals that rely on peat pulp as a basic treatment. Additionally, in 2007 the new thermae were opened.

Companies based in Bad Aibling

Several companies in the pharmaceutical industry, textile manufacturing,

electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...

, plastics manufacturing, and dairy processing are located in Bad Aibling.

Administration and public institutions

* Municipal institutions * Employment office Bad Aibling * Institutions of the Rosenheim district office (veterinary office, motor vehicle registration authority) * Local court * Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND), Federal Intelligence Service

Mayors

Education

* German football boarding school (Deutsches Fußballinternat Bad Aibling) * Gymnasium Bad Aibling ( high school for secondary education) * Wilhelm-Leibl-Realschule (secondary school) * Wirtschaftsschule Alpenland (secondary school for economics) * Grund- und Hauptschulen (

primary Primary or primaries may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Primary (band), from Australia * Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea * Primary Music, Israeli record label Works * ...

and secondary education) * Sonderschule (primary and secondary education for children with special needs) * Volkshochschule Bad Aibling ( adult evening classes)

Number of inhabitants

* 1840: 2.597 * 1871: 3.479 * 1900: 5.181 * 1925: 6.218 * 1939: 7.764 * 1950: 10.908 * 1961: 9.991 * 1970: 10.860 * 1987: 12.583 (census) * 2000: 16.437 * 2010: 18.272 * 2015: 18.408

Culture and attractions

Echelon festival

The Echelon Open Air & Indoor Festival is an electro-, techno and

house A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

-festival that has taken place in Bad Aibling annually in August since 2009. With about 25.000 visitors in 2015 it is the largest festival of its kind in Bavaria. It is located on the abandoned

Bad Aibling Station The Bad Aibling Station (BAS), also known as the 18th United States Army Security Agency Field Station, Field station 81, and Hortensie III is a satellite tracking station operated by the German SIGINT agency BND from nearby ''Mangfall Barracks' ...

which was used for the festival's eponymous global surveillance network

.Info – Echelon Open Air & Indoor Festival
. In: echelon-openair.de. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

Twin town

Bad Aibling has been

twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ...

with *

Cavaion Veronese Cavaion Veronese is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about west of Venice and about northwest of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,459 and an area of .All demograph ...

, Italy, since 2006.

People affiliated with Bad Aibling

* Julian Weigl(born 1995), German footballer for Sport Lisboa e Benfica * Eleonore Baur(18851981), also known as Sister Pia, a senior Nazi figure *

(), was a Bavarian court physician. In 1845, he opened the first Bavarian brine and peat mud baths in Bad Aibling in Rose Street, later Ludwig bathroom. * Eduard Dietl(18901944), German general of World War II * Amelie Kober(born 1987), German Federal Police officer and Olympic medalist in

snowboard Snowboards are boards where the user places both feet, usually secured, to the same board. The board itself is wider than most skis, with the ability to glide on snow."snowboarding." Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc. 17 Mar ...

ing * Wilhelm Leibl(18441900), German realist painter of portraits and scenes of peasant life *

Johann Sperl Johann Sperl (3 November 1840 – 29 July 1914) was a German painter. Life Johann Sperl was born (as Johann Spörl) in Buch (now part of Nuremberg, Middle Franconia) in 1840 as an only child of Protestant parents. His father worked as an agric ...

(18401914), German painter * Friedrich Meggendorfer(18801953), German psychiatrist and neurologist *

Joseph Maximilian von Maillinger Joseph Maximilian Fridolin Ritter von Maillinger (4 October 1820 – 6 October 1901) was a Bavarian General der Infanterie and War Minister under Ludwig II of Bavaria. Biography Von Maillinger was born in Passau. After passing his company of ...

(1820-1901), General of Infantry of Bavarian Army *

Franz Osten Franz Osten (23 December 1876 in Munich – 2 December 1956) was a Bavaria, Bavarian filmmaker who along with Himansu Rai was among the first retainers of Bombay Talkies. Osten partnered with Rai on a number of India's earliest blockbuster film ...

(1876-1956), German film director, who lived after the Second World War in the town * Klaus Wennemann (1940-2000), actor

References

External links

*
The health and cure administration

{{authority control Rosenheim (district) Spa towns in Germany Towns in Bavaria