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Afrinagan
Afrinagan is an Avestan term referring to either a collection of Zoroastrian prayers which are part of the Khordeh Avesta or to the ceremonies in which these prayers play a central role. Delineation of the term The word Afrinagan is believed to be derived from Avestan ''āfri'' with the meaning of ''blessing''. It is related to Sanskrit ''āpri'', which refers to certain prayers said during an animal sacrifice. The word refers to both a number of rituals as well as the Avestan prayers used within them. The Afrinagan prayers have to be distinguished from the Afrin prayers, which are also used within the Afrinagan ceremonies but are in Middle Persian. The Afrinagan ceremony According to Zoroastrian practice, the Afrinagan ceremony belongs to the outer ceremonies. This means that it can be performed outside of a fire temple, for example in a private place. Modern scholarship sometimes classifies them as belonging to the short liturgies. Several versions of the Afrinagan ceremony ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoroastrian Prayer
Zoroastrian prayer covers a wide range of invocations and utterances, aimed at connecting the faithful with Ahura Mazda or other Zoroastrian Yazata, divinities. They may be performed in private, in public or at a fire temple. The practice of prayer has changed considerable over the centuries. In Avestan period, Old Iranian times, Manthra (Zoroastrianism), manthras were the most common form. During the Middle Iranian period, non-Avestan prayers like the ''nirang'' and the ''monajat'' became common. In modern times, the wide availability of printed literature like the Khordeh Avesta had a noticeable effect on Zoroastrian prayer practice. Definition In general, prayers are interpreted as a means to establish a connection between a person saying the prayer and a deity to whom the prayer is addressed. In the Western tradition, they are distinguished from the broader canon of religious texts, which are considered revelations of the divine to humanity. This distinction is not directly ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khordeh Avesta
Khordeh Avesta, meaning 'little, or lesser, or small Avesta', is the name given to two different collections of Zoroastrian religious texts. One of the two collections includes the other and takes its name from it. * In a narrow sense, the term applies to a particular manuscript tradition that includes only the five '' Nyayesh'' texts, the five '' Gah'' texts, the four '' Afrinagan''s, and five introductory chapters that consist of quotations from various passages of the ''Yasna''. More generally, the term may also be applied to Avestan texts other than the lengthy liturgical ''Yasna'', '' Visperad'' and ''Vendidad''. The term then also extends to the twenty-one yashts and the thirty '' Siroza'' texts, but does not usually encompass the various Avestan language fragments found in other works. * In the 19th century, when the first ''Khordeh Avesta'' editions were printed, the selection of Avesta texts described above (together with some non-Avestan language prayers) became a boo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avestan
Avestan ( ) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family and was First language, originally spoken during the Avestan period, Old Iranian period ( – 400 BCE) by the Arya (Iran), Iranians living in the Avestan geography, eastern portion of Greater Iran. After Avestan Language death, became extinct, its religious texts were first transmitted Oral literature, orally until being collected and Sasanian Avesta, put into writing during the Sasanian empire, Sasanian period ( – 500 CE). The Avesta, extant material falls into two Variety (linguistics), groups: Old Avestan ( – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan ( – 400 BCE). The immediate ancestor of Old Avestan was the Proto-Iranian language, a sister language to the Proto-Indo-Aryan language, with both having developed from the earlier Proto-Indo-Iranian language. As such, Old Avestan is quite close in both grammar and lexi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion, diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age#South Asia, Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a lingua franca, link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting effect on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Indo-Aryan languages# ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
