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Abseil Rack
Rappel racks, also known as abseil racks, are a type of descender. They are often used in caving Caving, also known as spelunking (United States and Canada) and potholing (United Kingdom and Ireland), is the recreational pastime of exploring wild cave systems (as distinguished from show caves). In contrast, speleology is the scientific ..., where they are valued for their versatility and excellent friction control. Though similar designs have been in use since at least 1876, the modern rack was developed independently by both John Cole and Warren Lewis, who both released their designs in 1969. The basic design used in modern racks remains much the same as the ones designed in 1969. Uses and operation Racks are favored by many American cavers for the excellent friction control and above average heat dissipation they offer. This heat dissipation is improved further if aluminum bars are used. They have other several advantages over bobbins including the ability to use them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Descender (climbing)
In typography and handwriting, a descender is the portion of a grapheme that extends below the baseline of a font. For example, in the letter ''y'', the descender is the "tail", or that portion of the diagonal line which lies below the ''v'' created by the two lines converging. In the letter ''p'', it is the stem reaching down past the ''ɒ''. In most fonts, descenders are reserved for lowercase characters such as ''g'', ''j'', ''q'', ''p'', ''y'', and sometimes ''f''. Some fonts, however, also use descenders for some numerals (typically ''3'', ''4'', ''5'', ''7'', and ''9''). Such numerals are called old-style numerals. (Some italic fonts, such as Computer Modern italic, put a descender on the numeral ''4'' but not on any other numerals. Such fonts are not considered old-style.) Some fonts also use descenders for the tails on a few uppercase letters such as ''J'' and ''Q''. The parts of characters that extend above the x-height of a font are called ascenders. Descenders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caving
Caving, also known as spelunking (United States and Canada) and potholing (United Kingdom and Ireland), is the recreational pastime of exploring wild cave systems (as distinguished from show caves). In contrast, speleology is the scientific study of caves and the cave environment.Caving in New Zealand (from Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand, Accessed 2012-11.) The challenges involved in caving vary according to the cave being visited; in addition to the total absence of light beyond the entrance, negotiating pitches, squeezes, and water hazards can be difficult. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abseil Rack
Rappel racks, also known as abseil racks, are a type of descender. They are often used in caving Caving, also known as spelunking (United States and Canada) and potholing (United Kingdom and Ireland), is the recreational pastime of exploring wild cave systems (as distinguished from show caves). In contrast, speleology is the scientific ..., where they are valued for their versatility and excellent friction control. Though similar designs have been in use since at least 1876, the modern rack was developed independently by both John Cole and Warren Lewis, who both released their designs in 1969. The basic design used in modern racks remains much the same as the ones designed in 1969. Uses and operation Racks are favored by many American cavers for the excellent friction control and above average heat dissipation they offer. This heat dissipation is improved further if aluminum bars are used. They have other several advantages over bobbins including the ability to use them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of The Sydney Speleological Society
The Sydney Speleological Society Inc. (SSS) is a caving group based in Sydney, Australia. The Sydney Speleological Society was founded in 1954 and is one of the oldest caving groups in Australia. The Sydney Speleological Society has organised caving expeditions both locally and internationally. The Sydney Speleological Society has participated in events regarding caving, caving standards, caving publications, caving equipment, caving safety, and cave rescue. The Society also participated in the founding of the Australian Speleological Federation. The Sydney Speleological Society has published many books on caving and caving areas in Australia and continues to work on many projects to further the understanding of caving and karst areas in Australia and overseas. These achievements have included developing communication and navigation equipment for caving, leading excavations of caves, mapping and indexing caves in Australia, and publishing articles about cave meteorology. The Sydne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bobbin (descender)
A bobbin or spool is a spindle or cylinder, with or without flanges, on which yarn, thread, wire, tape or film is wound. Bobbins are typically found in industrial textile machinery, as well as in sewing machines, fishing reels, tape measures, film rolls, cassette tapes, within electronic and electrical equipment, and for various other applications. Industrial textiles Bobbins are used in spinning, weaving, knitting, sewing, and lacemaking. In these practices, bobbins were invented to "manage the piles of thread and yarn that would be mechanically woven into cloth," which would have originally been wound through the use of human power, but which eventually became machine-driven. In these applications, bobbins provide storage, temporary and permanent, for yarn or thread. Historically, bobbins were made out of natural materials such as wood, or bone. While not in principle an invention of the Victorian era - bobbins in the production of textiles were in earlier use - the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitch (climbing)
In climbing, a pitch is a section of a climbing route between two belay points (or belay stations), and is most commonly related to the task of lead climbing (going up), but is also related to abseiling (going down). Climbing on routes that require only one pitch is known as single-pitch climbing, and climbing on routes with more than one pitch is known as multi-pitch climbing (where the number is large, it can be big wall or alpine climbing). Modern climbing ropes are typically in length, which sets the theoretical maximum length of a 'pitch', however, other factors mean that the average pitch on a multi-pitch route is circa in length. Advanced climbing techniques such as simul climbing can materially reduce—and even completely remove—the need for 'pitches' on a multi-pitch climbing route. The term is also used in caving. Description In lead climbing — either in rock climbing, mountaineering, and ice climbing — the term 'pitch' describes the length of a section ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caving Equipment
Caving equipment is equipment used by cavers and speleologists to aid and protect them while exploring caves. The term may also be used to refer to equipment used to document caves, such as photographic and surveying equipment. Originally, cave diving equipment was quite limited, but the increasing popularity of caving during the 20th century led to the creation of specialist caving equipment and companies. Due to the greatly varying conditions of caves throughout the world, there is a multitude of different equipment types and categories. Cavers exploring a largely dry system may wear a fleece one-piece undersuit with a protective oversuit while cavers exploring a very wet cave may opt to use wetsuits. Cavers in large dry systems in the tropics and in desert climates may simply opt to wear shorts and a T-shirt. History The earliest cavers in Europe and North America were limited in their explorations by a lack of suitable equipment. Explorers of the early 1800s, when caving ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
