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Abdul Hakkul Mubin
Abdul Hakkul Mubin ibni Muhammad Panjang (died ), posthumously known as Al-Marhum di Pulau, was the Sultan of Brunei from 1661 to 1673. He was involved in the Brunei Civil War and ruled the sultanate from 1661 to 1673, after killing his uncle, Sultan Muhammad Ali. Reign Background Pengiran Muda Bongsu, Sultan Muhammad Ali's own son, was a party to an incident. Pengiran Muhammad Alam, the prince's opponent in the cockfight and the son of Pengiran Bendahara Abdul Hakkul Mubin, was assassinated by Bongsu in revenge after the prince lost. The prince was therefore sentenced to death by his father, the sultan, in accordance with the legal maxim that, as stated in the fifth and eighth clauses on gisas (retribution), death is punishable by death. Pengiran Abdul Hakkul Mubin requested to kill Pengiran Bongsu himself at Sultan Muhammad Ali's palace but was quickly turned down. Sultan Muhammad Ali insisted that only he has the power to punish, thus he refused to allow his son to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sultans Of Brunei
The Sultan of Brunei is the monarchical head of state of Brunei and head of government in his capacity as prime minister of Brunei. Since independence from the United Kingdom, British in 1984, only one sultan has reigned, though the royal institution dates back to the 14th century. The Sultan of Brunei can be thought of as synonymous with the ruling House of Bolkiah, with generations being traced from the first sultan, Muhammad Shah of Brunei, Muhammad Shah, temporarily interrupted by the thirteenth sultan, Abdul Hakkul Mubin, who in turn was deposed by a member of the House of Bolkiah. The sultan's full title is His Majesty The Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Negara, Yang di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. Sultans His Majesty The Sultan’s Flight The Sultan has had a private fleet of VIP aircraft since 1979https://www.Helios.com/database/org/Brunei-Government/ consisting of Boeing 747-8(V8-BKH) Boeing 767-200 (V8-MHB) and Boeing 787-8 (V8-OAS), as well as helicopters such as Sikor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chermin Island 01
''Chermin'' ( English: ''Mirror'') is a 2007 Malaysian Malay-language supernatural horror film directed by Zarina Abdullah starring Deanna Yusoff, Natasha Hudson, Khatijah Tan and Farid Kamil. The story is about a girl named Nasrin ( Natasha Hudson) who suffers disfiguring injuries in a car crash. Her mother (Khatijah Tan) discovers an antique mirror Synopsis The story is about a girl named Nasrin who suffers disfiguring injuries in a car crash. Her mother discovers an antique mirror. The mirror is not an ordinary mirror; a spirit trapped inside it makes the mirror able to reflect what Nasrin wants to see. Nasrin becomes obsessed with the mirror. On a quest to regain her past beauty, Nasrin submits herself to the mirror spirit by satisfying the mirror's need for blood and revenge. Cast Main * Deanna Yusoff as Mastura * Natasha Hudson as Nasrin * Khatijah Tan as Mak Siti * Farid Kamil as Yusof Supporting * Maimon Mutalib as Mak Ngah * Sheila Mambo as Minah * Soffi Jikan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dusun People
Dusun is the collective name of an indigenous ethnic group to the Malaysian state of Sabah of North Borneo. Collectively, they form the largest ethnic group in Sabah. The Dusun people have been internationally recognised as indigenous to Borneo since 2004 as per the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Other similarly named, but unrelated groups are also found in Brunei and Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Dusun in Brunei have distinct traditional beliefs and customs compared to those in Sabah. Bruneian Dusuns share a common origin, language and identity with the Bisaya people of Brunei, northern Sarawak and southwestern Sabah. Despite these differences, both groups are part of the broader Dusunic language family. In Indonesia, the Barito Dusun groups, located throughout the Barito River system, are actually part of the Ot Danum Dayak people, rather than being related to the Dusun of North Borneo. Etymology The Dusuns do not have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sama-Bajau
The Sama-Bajau include several Austronesian ethnic groups of Maritime Southeast Asia. The name collectively refers to related people who usually call themselves the Sama or Samah (formally A'a Sama, "Sama people"); or are known by the exonym Bajau (, also spelled Badjao, Bajaw, Badjau, Badjaw, Bajo or Bayao). They usually live a seaborne lifestyle and use small wooden sailing vessels such as the '' perahu'' (''layag'' in Maranao), ''djenging'' (''balutu''), '' lepa'', and '' vinta'' (''pilang''). They also use medium-sized vessels like the '' jungkung'', ''timbawan'' and small fishing vessels like ''biduk'' and '' bogo-katik''. Some Sama-Bajau groups native to Sabah are also known for their traditional horse culture. The Sama-Bajau are the dominant ethnic group of the islands of Tawi-Tawi. They are also found in other islands of the Sulu Archipelago, coastal areas of Mindanao and other islands in the southern Philippines; as well as northern and eastern Borneo, Sulawesi, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinarut
Kinarut is a town in the state of Sabah, Malaysia. It is located about 20 kilometres south of the state capital, Kota Kinabalu, and Kinarut railway station is one of the stops on the Sabah State Railway. Kinarut is under the administration of the Papar District. Etymology Several theories exist as to the etymological origins of the name 'Kinarut'. One such theory is that it refers to a street in the town which was formerly called China Road. Another theory is that it originated from the Dusun language, Dusun word ''Kinorut'' which means 'cutting using a knife'. History Kinarut originally belonged to the Bruneian Empire, Sultanate of Brunei. In the late 17th century, when Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin had to withdraw from Chermin Island (Pulau Chermin) during the Brunei Civil War, he built a base in Kinarut at a strategic location protected by two rivers. He remained there for ten years as the Sultan of Kinarut, during which incidents of piracy in the surrounding seas decreased ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kota Kinabalu
Kota Kinabalu (; formerly known as Jesselton), colloquially referred to as KK, is the state capital of Sabah, Malaysia. It is also the capital of the Kota Kinabalu District as well as the West Coast Division of Sabah. The city is located on the northwest coast of Borneo facing the South China Sea. The Tunku Abdul Rahman National Park lies to its west and Mount Kinabalu, which gave the city its name, is located to its east. Kota Kinabalu has a population of 452,058 according to the 2010 census; when the adjacent Penampang District, Penampang and Tuaran District, Tuaran districts are included, the metro area has a combined population of 628,725. The 2020 Census revealed an increase in the municipal population to 500,421, while the wider area including the Penampang and Putatan districts had a population of 731,406. Historically, the Kadazandusuns called the area by the name of Dondoung. In the 15th century, the area of Kota Kinabalu was under the influence of Bruneian Empire. In t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek ''Towns of ancient Greece#Military settlements, phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the ancient Roman, Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil War
A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.James Fearon"Iraq's Civil War" in ''Foreign Affairs'', March/April 2007. For further discussion on civil war classification, see #Formal classification, the section "Formal classification". The term is a calque of Latin which was used to refer to the various Roman civil wars, civil wars of the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC. Most modern civil wars involve intervention by outside powers. According to Patrick M. Regan in his book ''Civil Wars and Foreign Powers'' (2000) about two thirds of the 138 intrastate conflicts between the end of World War II and 2000 saw international intervention. A civil war is often a high-intensity conflict, often involving Regular army, regular armed forces, that is sustained, organized and large-scale. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kampong Ayer
Kampung Ayer (') is a prominent traditional settlement in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It comprises neighbourhoods of traditional houses, schools and mosques built on stilts above the Brunei River near the capital's city centre. It has an area of about ; the total population was 10,250 in 2016. It has been historically nicknamed ' Venice of the East'. Etymology The present name 'Kampung Ayer' is the obsolete romanised spelling of the Malay term '', which literally means 'Water Village'. However, the old spelling version is retained and still used as the primary name of the place. In general, village names are based on a number of themes, including the title of the state dignitaries who resided there, the area's specialty trade, the location of the village, or the site of a notable event or celebration. Examples of names based on nearby locations or rivers include Kampong Sungai Kedayan, Kampong Sungai Asam, Kampong Pekan Lama, Kampong Sungai Pandan, Kampon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kota Batu, Brunei
Kota Batu () is a historical as well as populated area in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It is home to the Kota Batu archaeological site, a few of the country's museums and two mausoleums of the earliest Sultans of Brunei. However, the place is still populated and at present it is a neighbourhood of the capital. Name "Kota Batu" is the Malay term which literally means "Stone Fort". History Kota Batu was believed to be the ancient capital of Brunei. During the Castilian War, the Spaniards capture the city on April 16, 1578; the Bruneians retook it in June 26, 1578. The city remained the capital before the emergence of Kampong Ayer, which is further inland, and over the Brunei River, during the Brunei Civil War in the 17th century. According to Brunei source '' Silsilah Raja-Raja Brunei'', Kota Batu was founded by Sultan Sharif Ali. Among the founding workers were Chinese people. The palace, masjid and educational institutions were built in the quickly developing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative Centre
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries, a (, , ) is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective. Algeria The capitals of Algerian provinces, districts, and communes are called . Belgium The in Belgium is the administrative centre of each of the ten provinces of Belgium. Three of these cities also give their name to their province ( Antwerp, Liège and Namur). France The of a French department is known as the prefecture (). This is the town or city where the prefect of the department (and all services under their control) are situated, in a building also known as the prefecture. In every French region, one of the departments has preeminence over the others, and the prefect carries the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellion
Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a portion of a state. A rebellion is often caused by political, religious, or social grievances that originate from a perceived inequality or marginalization. ''Rebellion'' comes from Latin ''re'' and ''bellum'', and in Lockian philosophy refers to the Right of revolution, responsibility of the people to overthrow unjust government. Classification Uprisings which revolt, Resistance movement, resisting and taking direct action against an authority, law or policy, as well as organize, are rebellions. An insurrection is an uprising to change the government. If a government does not recognize rebels as belligerents, then they are insurgents and the revolt is an insurgency. In a larger conflict, the rebels may be recognized as belligerents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
