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AACS Encryption Key Controversy
A controversy surrounding the AACS processing key arose in April 2007 when the Motion Picture Association of America and the Advanced Access Content System Licensing Administrator, LLC (AACS LA) began issuing cease and desist letters to websites publishing a 128- bit (16-byte) number, represented in hexadecimal as 09 F9 11 02 9D 74 E3 5B D8 41 56 C5 63 56 88 C0 (commonly referred to as 09 F9), a cryptographic key for HD DVDs and Blu-ray Discs. The letters demanded the immediate removal of the key and any links to it, citing the anti-circumvention provisions of the United States Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). In response to widespread Internet postings of the key, the AACS LA issued various press statements, praising websites that complied with their requests for acting in a "responsible manner" and warning that "legal and technical tools" were adapting to the situation. The controversy was further escalated in early May 2007, when aggregate news site Digg received ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Sample 09-F9 Protest Art, Free Speech Flag By John Marcotte
Sample or samples may refer to: * Sample (graphics), an intersection of a color channel and a pixel * Sample (material), a specimen or small quantity of something * Sample (signal), a digital discrete sample of a continuous analog signal * Sample (statistics), a subset of a population – complete data set People * Sample (surname) * Samples (surname) Places * Sample, Kentucky, unincorporated community, United States * Sampleville, Ohio, unincorporated community, United States * Hugh W. and Sarah Sample House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa, United States Music * Sample (music), to reuse a portion of a sound recording in another recording, or the portion reused * Sample (Sakanaction song), "Sample" (Sakanaction song) * "Sample", a song by No-Man from ''Flowermix'' * The Samples, a band from Boulder, Colorado Other uses * USS Sample (FF-1048), USS ''Sample'' (FF-1048), a frigate in the U.S. Navy * The Sample, a defunct department store in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Digg
Digg (stylized in lowercase as digg) is an American news aggregator with a curated front page, aiming to select articles specifically for the Internet audience such as science, trending political issues, and viral phenomenon, viral Internet issues. It was launched in its current form on July 31, 2012, with support for sharing content to other social platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Digg was formerly a popular social news website, allowing people to vote user-generated and web content up or down, called ''digging'' and ''burying'', respectively. Digg quickly faced competition from similar sites such as Reddit. History Digg started as an experiment in November 2004 by collaborators Kevin Rose, Owen Byrne, Ron Gorodetzky, and Jay Adelson. The original design by Dan Ries was free of advertisements. To monetize, the company originally used Google AdSense but switched to Bing Ads, MSN adCenter in 2007. Digg allowed users to discover and share web content by submitting links ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Source Code
In computing, source code, or simply code or source, is a plain text computer program written in a programming language. A programmer writes the human readable source code to control the behavior of a computer. Since a computer, at base, only understands machine code, source code must be Translator (computing), translated before a computer can Execution (computing), execute it. The translation process can be implemented three ways. Source code can be converted into machine code by a compiler or an assembler (computing), assembler. The resulting executable is machine code ready for the computer. Alternatively, source code can be executed without conversion via an interpreter (computing), interpreter. An interpreter loads the source code into memory. It simultaneously translates and executes each statement (computer science), statement. A method that combines compilation and interpretation is to first produce bytecode. Bytecode is an intermediate representation of source code tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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BackupHDDVD
BackupHDDVD is a small computer software utility program available in command line and GUI versions which aids in the decryption of commercial HD DVD discs protected by the Advanced Access Content System. It is used for disc ripping, often to enable playback on hardware configurations without full support for HDCP. The program's source code was posted online, but no licence information was given. Written by an anonymous programmer using the handle Muslix64, BackupHDDVD is distributed with none of the cryptographic keys necessary for decryption. Users wanting to use the software to decrypt a protected disc's contents must obtain the appropriate keys separately, a task with which neither the original author nor his or her versions of BackupHDDVD assist. BackupHDDVD represented the first known successful attack against AACS. The utility circumvents content protection by decrypting video files directly with AES, the underling cryptographic cipher used by AACS. Using this techniqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Binary Tree
In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two children, referred to as the ''left child'' and the ''right child''. That is, it is a ''k''-ary tree with . A recursive definition using set theory is that a binary tree is a triple , where ''L'' and ''R'' are binary trees or the empty set and ''S'' is a singleton (a single–element set) containing the root. From a graph theory perspective, binary trees as defined here are arborescences. A binary tree may thus be also called a bifurcating arborescence, a term which appears in some early programming books before the modern computer science terminology prevailed. It is also possible to interpret a binary tree as an undirected, rather than directed graph, in which case a binary tree is an ordered, rooted tree. Some authors use rooted binary tree instead of ''binary tree'' to emphasize the fact that the tree is rooted, but as defined above, a binary tree is always rooted. In ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Firmware
In computing Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computer, computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both computer hardware, hardware and softw ..., firmware is software that provides low-level control of computing device Computer hardware, hardware. For a relatively simple device, firmware may perform all control, monitoring and data manipulation functionality. For a more complex device, firmware may provide relatively low-level control as well as hardware abstraction Service (systems architecture), services to higher-level software such as an operating system. Firmware is found in a wide range of computing devices including personal computers, smartphones, home appliances, vehicles, computer peripherals and in many of the integrated circuits inside each of these larger systems. Firmware is stored in non-volatile memory either read-only memory (ROM) or progra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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WinDVD
WinDVD (owned by Alludo, formerly Corel Corporation, which acquired InterVideo in 2006) is a commercial DVD video player software for Microsoft Windows. Features and functions Features and functions supported by InterVideo WinDVD version 8.0 during video/movie and audio/music playback are: *Supported video formats/codecs: MPEG-1, MPEG-2 (including HD support), MPEG-TS, DVD-Video, MiniDVD, MPEG-4 ASP (like Xvid and DivX, including DivX Pro), H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, VC-1, WMV HD, DVD-VR, DVD+VR, 3GPP and 3GPP2, QuickTime, RealMedia/RealVideo *Supported audio formats/codecs: WAV, MP3, AAC, LPCM, MLP Lossless, Dolby Digital (5.1) and Dolby Digital (2.0), Dolby Digital EX, DTS 2.0 and 5.1, DTS Neo:6, DTS 96/24, DTS-ES Discrete, RealMedia/RealAudio eeds citation/sup> Video playback * TrimensionDNM interpolates frames to give smooth playback * Smooth Reverse Playback smooth reverse/rewind playback without dropping frames * Video Desktop display subpanel to let the movie play ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Copyright
A copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive legal right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical form. Copyright is intended to protect the original expression of an idea in the form of a creative work, but not the idea itself. A copyright is subject to limitations based on public interest considerations, such as the fair use doctrine in the United States and fair dealings doctrine in the United Kingdom. Some jurisdictions require "fixing" copyrighted works in a tangible form. It is often shared among multiple authors, each of whom holds a set of rights to use or license the work, and who are commonly referred to as rights holders. These rights normally include reproduction, control over derivative works, distribution, public performance, and moral rights such as attribution. Copyrights can be granted by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Illegal Number
An illegal number is a number that represents information which is illegal to possess, utter, propagate, or otherwise transmit in some legal jurisdiction. Any piece of digital information is representable as a number; consequently, if communicating a specific set of information is illegal in some way, then the number may be illegal as well. Background A number may represent some type of classified information or trade secret, legal to possess only by certain authorized persons. An AACS encryption key (09 F9 11 02 9D 74 E3 5B D8 41 56 C5 63 56 88 C0) that came to prominence in May 2007 is an example of a number claimed to be a secret, and whose publication or inappropriate possession is claimed to be illegal in the United States. It assists in the decryption of any HD DVD or Blu-ray Disc released before this date. The issuers of a series of cease-and-desist letters claim that the key itself is therefore a copyright circumvention device, and that publishing the key violates Title ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Number
A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. The most basic examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so forth. Numbers can be represented in language with number words. More universally, individual numbers can be represented by symbols, called ''numerals''; for example, "5" is a numeral that represents the number five. As only a relatively small number of symbols can be memorized, basic numerals are commonly organized in a numeral system, which is an organized way to represent any number. The most common numeral system is the Hindu–Arabic numeral system, which allows for the representation of any Integer, non-negative integer using a combination of ten fundamental numeric symbols, called numerical digit, digits. In addition to their use in counting and measuring, numerals are often used for labels (as with telephone numbers), for ordering (as with serial numbers), and for codes (as with ISBNs). In common usage, a ''numeral'' is not clearly dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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128-bit
General home computing and gaming utility emerged at 8-bit word sizes, as 28=256 Word (computer architecture), words, a natural unit of data, became possible. Early 8-bit CPUs (such as the Zilog Z80 and MOS Technology 6502, used in the 1977 Commodore PET, PET, TRS-80, and Apple II) inaugurated the era of personal computing. Many 16-bit CPUs already existed in the mid-1970s. Over the next 30 years, the shift to 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit computing allowed, respectively, 216 = 65,536 unique words, 232 = 4,294,967,296 unique words and 264 = unique words, each step offering a meaningful advantage until 64 bits was reached. Further advantages evaporate from 64-bit to 128-bit computing as the number of possible values in a register increases from roughly 18 Names of large numbers, quintillion () to 340 Names of large numbers, undecillion () as so many unique values are never utilized. Thus, with a register that can store 2128 values, no advantages over 64 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |