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25N-N1-Nap
25N-N1-Nap is a phenethylamine derivative from the 25-NB class, which acts as a potent agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor with weaker activity at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C. 25N-N1-Nap is a biased agonist, producing robust activation of 5-HT2A coupled signalling pathways mediated by beta arrestin 2, but with little or no activation of pathways mediated via Gq. In animal studies it produces antipsychotic effects but without producing the head-twitch response associated with psychedelic activity. See also * 25N-NBOMe (NBOMe-2C-N) * 25N-NBPh * 6-Fluoro-DET * Lisuride Lisuride, sold under the brand name Dopergin among others, is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline class which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, migraine, and high prolactin levels. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of lis ... * (''R'')-69 * Zalsupindole References 25-NB (psychedelics) Methoxy compounds Naphthalenes Nitrobenzene derivatives Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonists< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25N-NBPh
25N-NBPh (NBPh-2C-N) is a phenethylamine derivative from the 25-NB class, which acts as a potent agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor with weaker activity at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C. 25N-NBPh is a biased agonist, producing robust activation of 5-HT2A coupled signalling pathways mediated by beta arrestin 2, but with only slight activation of pathways mediated via Gq. In animal studies it produces a modest head-twitch response when administered by itself, but blocks the effects of the fully active psychedelic DOI. Wallach, J., Cao, A.B., Calkins, M.M. et al. Identification of 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential. ''Nat Commun'' 2023; 14, 8221. See also * 25N-NBOMe (NBOMe-2C-N) * 25N-N1-Nap 25N-N1-Nap is a phenethylamine derivative from the 25-NB class, which acts as a potent agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor with weaker activity at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C. 25N-N1-Nap is a biased agonist, producing robust activation of 5-HT2A coupled signa ... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zalsupindole
Zalsupindole,https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/380497/9789240107038-eng.pdf "zalsupindolum zalsupindole (2R)-1-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine antidepressant" also known by its developmental code names DLX-001 and AAZ-A-154 and as (''R'')-5-methoxy-''N'',''N''-dimethyl-α-methylisotryptamine, is a novel isotryptamine derivative which acts as a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist discovered and synthesized by the lab of Professor David E. Olson at the University of California, Davis. It is being developed for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other central nervous system disorders. Pharmacology Animal studies suggest that it produces antidepressant effects without the psychedelic action typical of drugs from this class. In tests, zalsupindole had antidepressant-like effects in mice without causing the head-twitch response linked to hallucinogenic effects. Due to the rapidly-induced and enduring neuroplasticity, zalsupindole is a membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenethylamine
Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine, which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. In the brain, phenethylamine regulates monoamine neurotransmission by binding to trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and inhibiting vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in monoamine neurons. To a lesser extent, it also acts as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system. In mammals, phenethylamine is produced from the amino acid L-phenylalanine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase via enzymatic decarboxylation. In addition to its presence in mammals, phenethylamine is found in many other organisms and foods, such as chocolate, especially after microbial fermentation. Phenethylamine is sold as a dietary supplement for purported mood and weight loss-related therapeutic benefits; however, in orally ingested phenethylamine, a significant amount is metabolized in the small intestine by mono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naphthalenes
Naphthalene is an organic compound with formula . It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene's structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is best known as the main ingredient of traditional mothballs. History In the early 1820s, two separate reports described a white solid with a pungent odor derived from the distillation of coal tar. In 1821, John Kidd cited these two disclosures and then described many of this substance's properties and the means of its production. He proposed the name ''naphthaline'', as it had been derived from a kind of naphtha (a broad term encompassing any volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture, including coal tar). Naphthalene's chemical formula was determined by Michael Faraday in 1826. The structure of two fused benzene rings was proposed by Emil Erlen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methoxy Compounds
In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula . On a benzene ring, the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the ''para'' position as an electron-donating group, but as an electron-withdrawing group if at the ''meta'' position. At the ''ortho'' position, steric effects are likely to cause a significant alteration in the Hammett equation prediction which otherwise follows the same trend as that of the ''para'' position. Occurrence The simplest of methoxy compounds are methanol and dimethyl ether. Other methoxy ethers include anisole and vanillin. Many alkoxides contain methoxy groups, e.g. tetramethyl orthosilicate and titanium methoxide. Such compounds are often classified as methoxides. Esters with a methoxy group can be referred to as methyl esters, and the —COOCH3 substituent is called a methoxycarbonyl. Biosynthesis In nature, methoxy groups are found on nucleo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25-NB (psychedelics)
The 25-NB (25''x''-NB''x'') series, sometimes alternatively referred to as the NBOMe compounds, is a family of serotonergic psychedelics. They are substituted phenethylamines and were derived from the 2C family. They act as selective agonists of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The 25-NB family is unique relative to other classes of psychedelics in that they are, generally speaking, extremely potent and relatively selective for the 5-HT2A receptor. Use of NBOMe series drugs has caused many deaths and hospitalisations since the drugs popularisation in the 2010s. This is primarily due to their high overdose potential and sellers passing off the compounds in the series as LSD. Chemical structure The 25-NB compounds are mostly ''N''-benzylphenethylamines, though in some cases the phenyl ring of the N-benzyl group is replaced by other heterocycles such as thiophene, pyridine, furan, tetrahydrofuran, benzodioxole or naphthalene, among others. Generally speaking, they have methoxy g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
(R)-69
(''R'')-69 (3IQ) is a tetrahydropyridine derivative which acts as a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, with 4.6x selectivity over 5-HT2B and 49x selectivity over 5-HT2C. It has a 5-HT2A Ki of 680nM and an EC50 of 41nM. (''R'')-69 is a biased agonist selective for activation of the Gq coupled signalling pathway, with much weaker activation of the β-arrestin 2 coupled pathway. In animal studies it produces antidepressant-like activity but without producing the head-twitch response associated with psychedelic effects. See also * AAZ-A-154 * RU-24969 * SN-22 SN-22 is a chemical compound which acts as a moderately selective agonist at the 5-HT2 family of serotonin receptors, with a Ki of 19nM at 5HT2 subtypes vs 514 nM at 5-HT1A receptors. Many related derivatives are known, most of which are ligand ... References Designer drugs Pyrrolopyridines Tetrahydropyridines {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisuride
Lisuride, sold under the brand name Dopergin among others, is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline class which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, migraine, and high prolactin levels. It is taken by mouth. Side effects of lisuride include nausea and decreased blood pressure, among others. Lisuride acts as a mixed agonist and antagonist of dopamine, serotonin, and adrenergic receptors. Activation of specific dopamine receptors is thought to be responsible for its effectiveness in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and ability to suppress prolactin levels, while interactions with serotonin receptors are thought to be principally involved in its effectiveness for migraine. Medical uses Lisuride is used to lower prolactin and, in low doses, to prevent migraine attacks. The use of lisuride as initial antiparkinsonian medication for Parkinson's disease has been advocated, delaying the need for levodopa until lisuride becomes insufficient for controlling the parki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6-Fluoro-DET
6-Fluoro-DET (6F-DET, 6-fluoro-''N,N''-diethyltryptamine) is a substituted tryptamine derivative related to drugs such as DET and 5-fluoro-DET. It acts as a partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor, but while it produces similar physiological effects to psychedelic drugs, it does not appear to produce psychedelic effects itself even at high doses. For this reason it saw some use as an active placebo in early clinical trials of psychedelic drugs but was regarded as having little use otherwise, though more recent research into compounds such as AL-34662 and AAZ-A-154 has shown that these kind of non-psychedelic 5-HT2A agonists can have various useful applications. See also * 5F-DMT * 5F-DET * 5F-MET * 5F-EPT * 6F-AMT * 6F-DMT 6-Fluoro-''N'',''N''-dimethyltryptamine (6-Fluoro-DMT) is a synthetic drug of the tryptamine chemical class. Pharmacology Binding profile 6-Fluoro-DMT possess affinity for the 5-HT1A (392.6 nM), 5-HT1B (217.7 nM), 5-HT1D (55.4 nM), 5- ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25N-NBOMe
25N-NBOMe (2C-N-NBOMe, NBOMe-2C-N) is a derivative of the hallucinogen 2C-N. The pharmacological properties of 25N-NBOMe have not been described in the scientific literature, but it is believed to act in a similar manner to related compounds such as 25I-NBOMe and 25C-NBOMe, which are potent agonists at the 5HT2A receptor. 25N-NBOMe has been sold as a street drug and has only been described in the literature in terms of identification by forensic analysis. Legality 25N-NBOMe is illegal in Alabama, and Hungary. Sweden The Riksdag added 25N-NBOMe to Narcotic Drugs Punishments Act under ''swedish schedule I'' (''"substances, plant materials and fungi which normally do not have medical use"'') as of January 16, 2015, published by Medical Products Agency (MPA) in regulation ''LVFS 2014:11'' listed as 25N-NBOMe, and 2-(2,5-dimetoxi-4-nitrofenyl)-N-(2-metoxibensyl)etanamin. United Kingdom See also * 25B-NBOMe * 25C-NBOMe * 25I-NBOMe * 25TFM-NBOMe 25TFM-NBOMe (also known as NBOM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
25-NB
The 25-NB (25''x''-NB''x'') series, sometimes alternatively referred to as the NBOMe compounds, is a family of serotonergic psychedelics. They are substituted phenethylamines and were derived from the 2C family. They act as selective agonists of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The 25-NB family is unique relative to other classes of psychedelics in that they are, generally speaking, extremely potent and relatively selective for the 5-HT2A receptor. Use of NBOMe series drugs has caused many deaths and hospitalisations since the drugs popularisation in the 2010s. This is primarily due to their high overdose potential and sellers passing off the compounds in the series as LSD. Chemical structure The 25-NB compounds are mostly ''N''-benzylphenethylamines, though in some cases the phenyl ring of the N-benzyl group is replaced by other heterocycles such as thiophene, pyridine, furan, tetrahydrofuran, benzodioxole or naphthalene, among others. Generally speaking, they have methoxy gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Head-twitch Response
The head-twitch response (HTR) is a rapid side-to-side head movement that occurs in mice and rats after the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor is activated. The prefrontal cortex may be the neuroanatomical locus mediating the HTR. Many serotonergic hallucinogens, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), induce the head-twitch response, and so the HTR is used as a behavioral model of hallucinogen effects. However while there is generally a good correlation between compounds that induce head twitch in mice and compounds that are hallucinogenic in humans, it is unclear whether the head twitch response is primarily caused by 5-HT2A receptors, 5-HT2C receptors or both, though recent evidence shows that the HTR is mediated by the 5-HT2A receptor and modulated by the 5-HT2C receptor. Also, the effect can be non-specific, with head twitch responses also produced by some drugs that do not act through 5-HT2 receptors, such as phencyclidine, yohimbine, atropine and cannabinoid receptor antagon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
