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2004 Indonesian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 5 July and 20 September 2004. As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a runoff was held, in which Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono defeated Megawati Sukarnoputri and was elected President of Indonesia, president. They were the first Direct election, direct presidential elections in the history of Indonesia; prior to a 2002 amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia, both the president and Vice President of Indonesia, vice president had been elected by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). Under the new amendment, a candidate pair is elected into office after receiving more than 50% of the vote nationally with at least 20% of the vote in more than half of the provinces of Indonesia. If no pair receives the number of votes required, the election will continue into the second round with the pairs receiving the highest and second-highest number of votes. Further regulations set by the General Elections Commission (KPU) state tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (born 9 September 1949), commonly referred to as SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired Indonesian Army, army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014 and the second president of Indonesia from the military after Suharto. He founded the Democratic Party (Indonesia), Democratic Party of Indonesia and served as its 4th chairman from 2014 until 2020. He also served as the 8th and 10th Coordinating Ministry for Political and Security Affairs#List of ministers, coordinating minister for political and security affairs from 2000 until 2001 and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits. Yudhoyono won the 2004 Indonesian presidential election, 2004 presidential election—the first Direct election, direct presidential election in In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Indonesia
The history of Indonesia has been shaped by its geographic position, natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts, wars and conquests, as well as by trade, economics and politics. Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands stretching along the equator in Southeast Asia and Oceania. The country's strategic sea-lane position fostered inter-island and international trade; trade has since fundamentally shaped Indonesian history. The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations, creating a diversity of cultures, ethnicities, and languages. The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced agriculture and trade, and the formation of states. The boundaries of the state of Indonesia match the 20th-century borders of the Dutch East Indies. Fossilised remains of ''Homo erectus'', popularly known as " Java Man", and their tools suggest the Indonesian archipelago was inhabited at least 1.5 million years ago. Austron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutual Assistance Cabinet
The Mutual Assistance Cabinet () was the Indonesian cabinet which served under President Megawati Sukarnoputri and Vice President Hamzah Haz Hamzah Haz (15 February 1940 – 24 July 2024) was the ninth vice president of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004 under President Megawati Sukarnoputri. Prior to serving as vice president, Hamzah served as a cabinet minister and a member of the People' ... from 10 August 2001 until 20 October 2004. The cabinet was formed after Megawati and Hamzah were elected president and vice president at a special session of the People's Consultative Assembly in July 2001. Cabinet lineup Lineup of the Mutual Assistance Cabinet when it was created (10 August 2001), the first reshuffle (11 March 2004), and the second reshuffle (22 April 2004): Changes *11 March 2004: Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono resigned from the Cabinet. Hari Sabarno took over the Coordinating Ministry of Politics and Security whilst continuing as Minister of Home Affairs. *22 April 2004: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamzah Haz
Hamzah Haz (15 February 1940 – 24 July 2024) was the ninth vice president of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004 under President Megawati Sukarnoputri. Prior to serving as vice president, Hamzah served as a cabinet minister and a member of the People's Representative Council (DPR). He also chaired the United Development Party (PPP) from 1998 to 2007, and was the party's presidential candidate in the 2004 Indonesian presidential election. Early political career Hamzah was a newspaper journalist in his home town of Pontianak, Indonesia, Pontianak, on the island of Borneo, and later taught economics at Tanjungpura University. Article titled "Profile: Hamzah Haz" at the ''BBC News'' Web site, 26 July 2001, accessed 6 April 2007 He was a lecturer at Tanjungpura University from 1968 to 1971. His political career began in 1968 as a member of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdurrahman Wahid
Abdurrahman Wahid ( ; né ad-Dakhil, 7 September 1940 – 30 December 2009), more colloquially known as Gus Dur (), was an Indonesian politician and Islam in Indonesia, Islamic Kyai, religious leader who served as the fourth president of Indonesia, from his 1999 Indonesian presidential election, election in 1999 until he was Impeachment of Abdurrahman Wahid, removed from office in 2001. A long time leader within the Nahdlatul Ulama organization, he was the founder of the National Awakening Party (PKB). He was the son of Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia), Minister of Religious Affairs Wahid Hasyim, and the grandson of Nahdatul Ulama founder Hasyim Asy'ari. Due to a visual impairment caused by glaucoma, he was blind in the left eye and partially blind in his right eye. He was the first (and to date only) president of Indonesia to have had physical disabilities. Wahid was instrumental in lifting the ban on Chinese New Year (). Until 1998, the spiritual practice to celebrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Impeachment Of Abdurrahman Wahid
Abdurrahman Wahid, also known as Gus Dur, was impeached and dismissed as the fourth president of Indonesia on 23 July 2001, after he issued a decree to dissolve the Indonesian legislature and suspend the Golkar Party. In response to Wahid's actions, Megawati Sukarnoputri and the People's Consultative Assembly agreed to remove Wahid from office and Megawati took office as the new president. Background and impeachment The 2001 Special Session was held with the agenda of dismissing Abdurrahman Wahid after various conflicts with the parliament. This action was preceded by the issuance of the first memorandum on 1 February 2001. Then followed by a second note on April 30, 2001, accompanied by a request from the DPR to the MPR for a special session to be held. Abdurrahman Wahid responded to this effort by issuing a decree declaring the dissolution of the MPR/ DPR, setting up elections within a year, and the suspension of the Golkar Party. But in the end he didn't get any support an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Indonesian Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in on 5 April 2004 for both houses of the People's Consultative Assembly of Indonesia. This included all 550 seats in the People's Representative Council and 128 seats of the newly formed Regional Representative Council. Final results of the popular vote tally showed that Golkar, the former ruling party of the New Order era, received the most votes. It had lost to the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle in the 1999 legislative election. The Democratic Party and the Prosperous Justice Party, two of the newest parties to participate in the elections, received a combined 15% of the popular vote. Based on the final allocation of seats in the People's Representative Council, Golkar, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, the National Awakening Party, the United Development Party, the Democratic Party, the Prosperous Justice Party, and the National Mandate Party were qualified to submit candidates for the country's first direct presiden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Representative Council
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (, DPR-RI or simply DPR) is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD. Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (''anggota dewan''). History ''Volksraad'' In 1915, members of the Indonesian nationalist organisation Budi Utomo and others toured the Netherlands to argue for the establishment of a legislature for the Dutch East Indies, and in December 1916 a bill was passed to establish a '' Volksraad'' (People's Council).Rick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition
A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces. Formation According to ''A Guide for Political Parties'' published by the National Democratic Institute and the Oslo Center for Peace and Human Rights, there are five steps to coalition building. The first step in coalition building involves ''developing a party strategy'' that will prepare for successful negotiation. The more effort parties place on this step, the more likely they are to identify strategic partners, negotiate a good deal and avoid some of the common mistakes associated with coalition building. The second step is ''negotiating a coalition''. Based on the strategy that each party has prepared, the parties come together to negotiate and reach an agreement on the coalition terms. Depending on the context and objectives of the coalition, these negotia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, ideological or policy goals. Political parties have become a major part of the politics of almost every country, as modern party organizations developed and spread around the world over the last few centuries. Although List of countries without political parties, some countries have no political parties, this is extremely rare. Most countries have Multi-party system, several parties while others One-party state, only have one. Parties are important in the politics of autocracies as well as democracies, though usually Democracy, democracies have more political parties than autocracies. Autocracies often have a single party that Government, governs the country, and some political scientists consider competition between two or more parties to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Elections Commission
The General Elections Commission (, abbreviated as KPU) is the body that organises elections in Indonesia. Its responsibilities include deciding which parties can contest elections, organising the voting and announcing the results and seats won in the various branches of the government. History Following the Fall of Suharto, fall of President Suharto and the end of Indonesia's authoritarian New Order (Indonesia), New Order, as a result of public pressure, B. J. Habibie, President Habibie brought forward the general elections planned for 2002 to 1999. On 1 February the People's Representative Council passed Law No. 3/1999 on the General Election, which mandated the establishment of a "free and independent General Elections Commission comprising members of political parties and the government" to oversee the elections. The commission was then established with 53 members and former home affairs minister Rudini as chair. As a result of further public pressure, the government appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Indonesia
Provinces are the first-level administrative divisions of Indonesia. They were formerly called first-level provincial regions (), before the Post-Suharto era in Indonesia, Reform era. Provinces have a local government, consisting of a List of current governors in Indonesia, governor () and a Regional House of Representatives, regional legislative body (). The governor and members of local representative bodies are elected by Election, popular vote for five-year terms, but governors can only serve for two terms. Provincial governments have the authority to regulate and manage their own government affairs, subject to the limits of the Government of Indonesia, central government. The average land area of all 38 provinces in Indonesia is about , and they had an average population of 7,410,626 people in mid-2024. Indonesia is divided into 38 provinces, nine of which have special autonomous status. The terms for special status are "" and "", which translate to "special", or "designat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
