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141st Mixed Brigade
The 141st Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army during the Spanish Civil War. It participated in the Battle of Belchite, Aragon Offensive, Battle of the Segre and the Catalonia Offensive. History The 141st Mixed Brigade was created in May 1937 as a reserve of the Eastern Army and integrated into the 32nd Division of the X Army Corps. It was mainly made up of anarchist militiamen. Although its first commander was Sebastián Zamora Medina, shortly afterwards the command of the unit passed to Eduardo Barceló Llacuri. After completing their training, the brigade was sent to the Huesca front. For the Zaragoza Offensive it stationed itself in Castellnou as a reserve and, on September 27, entered combat to support the XII International Brigade in the Villamayor sector. Later, Barceló was prosecuted for the shooting of a militia unit of the POUM, as was his successor, Bosch Montes. During the withdrawal from Aragón the brigade covered the Quinto sector and wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May 1937
The following events occurred in May 1937: May 1, 1937 (Saturday) *26,000 London bus drivers went on strike. *The Siege of Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza ended in Republican victory. *The Neutrality Act of 1937 became legally binding for all American citizens. Only oil and nonmilitary vehicles were excluded. *Sunderland defeated Preston North End 3-1 in the FA Cup Final at Wembley Stadium. *The Order of the German Eagle was created in Nazi Germany. *Born: Una Stubbs, actress and dancer, in Welwyn Garden City, England (d. 2021) *Died: Snitz Edwards, 69?, Hungarian-born American actor May 2, 1937 (Sunday) *Austrian police raided the headquarters of the Nazi Party in Vienna, finding evidence of collaboration between German and Austrian Nazis, as well as propaganda hostile to the Austrian government. *Born: Gisela Elsner, writer, in Nuremberg, Germany (d. 1992); Lorenzo Music, actor, television producer and musician, in Brooklyn, New York (d. 2001) May 3, 1937 (Monday) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
32nd Division (Spain)
The 32nd Division was one of the divisions of the Spanish Republican Army that were organized during the Spanish Civil War on the basis of the Mixed Brigades. It was deployed on the Aragon and Segre fronts. History The unit was created on April 28, 1937, as a reserve division of the Eastern Army. Subsequently, the 32nd Division was integrated into the XI Army Corps, being placed in the rear. Command of the unit fell to Alfonso Arana Vivanco, who was replaced in July 1937 by Manuel Gancedo Sáenz. During the Aragon Offensive, the 32nd Division was forced to withdraw, establishing its new defensive positions on the Segre front . On September 8, 1938, the forces of the unit relieved the 55th Division in the Agramunt- Artesa de Segre- Tornabous sector. After the start of the Catalonia Offensive the 32nd Division, faced with strong enemy pressure, was forced to withdraw. In the course of the fighting, it suffered a severe loss. In January 1939 it was briefly added to the X ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939
This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 ** Third Reich *** Jews are forbidden to work with Germans. *** The Youth Protection Act was passed on April 30, 1938 and the Working Hours Regulations came into effect. *** The Jews name change decree has gone into effect. ** The rest of the world *** In Spain, it becomes a duty of all young women under 25 to complete compulsory work service for one year. *** First edition of the Vienna New Year's Concert. *** The company of technology and manufacturing scientific instruments Hewlett-Packard, was founded in a garage in Palo Alto, California, by William (Bill) Hewlett and David Packard. This garage is now considered the birthplace of Silicon Valley. *** Sydney, in Australia, records temperature of 45 ˚C, the highest record for the city. *** Philipp Etter took over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
January 14
Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written constitution that created a government, is adopted in Connecticut. * 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in India between the Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Marathas. *1784 – American Revolutionary War: Ratification Day, United States - Congress ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain. * 1814 – Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes the Kingdom of Norway to Charles XIII of Sweden in return for Pomerania. *1858 – Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt made by Felice Orsini and his accomplices in Paris. *1900 – Giacomo Puccini's ''Tosca'' opens in Rome. 1901–present * 1907 – An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000 people. * 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artesa De Segre
Artesa de Segre is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of the Noguera in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the valley of the Segre river, between Ponts and Balaguer. The municipal territory extends as far as the confluence of the Segre with the Boix. The Urgell canal runs through the municipality to the south of the Segre. The municipality is served by the C-1313 road between Balaguer and Ponts, and is linked to Agramunt by the L-302 road. Demography Subdivisions The municipality of Artesa de Segre include nineteen outlying villages: populations are given as of 2005. *Alentorn (143) * Anya (32) * Baldomar (127) * La Clua (19) * Colldelrat (33) * Collfred (29) * Colònia la Fàbrica * Comiols (7) * Folquer (4) *Montargull (57) *Montmagastre (22) *El Pont d'Alentorn (31) * Sant Marc del Batlliu (20) * Seró (93) *Tudela de Segre (108) *La Vall d'Ariet *Vall-Llebrera(35) *Vall-Llebrerola *La Vedrenya (15) *Vernet Vernet is a surname. Notable people with the surname includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaguer
Balaguer () is the capital of the ''comarca'' of Noguera, in the province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. It is located by the river Segre, a tributary to the Ebre. The municipality includes an exclave to the east. Balaguer also has a sister city in the western United States, Pacifica, California. Balaguer was conquered from the Moors by Ermengol VI of Urgell in 1106; he made it his new capital, and it remained so for subsequent counts of Urgell. The town has a Gothic bridge, the "Pont de Sant Miquel", over the Segre river. This bridge was destroyed during the Spanish Civil War in the battle of "Cap de Pont" (bridgehead battle in 1938) and rebuilt after the war. Another Gothic building is the Santa Maria Church, in the heights above the city, in line with a quite finely conserved wall dating to the 15th century AD. The historic town is on the right bank of the Segre but, following the Spanish Civil War, construction began on a modern bridge, which initiated development of a mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quinto, Aragon
Quinto (Spanish pronunciation: �kinto is a town and municipality in the province of Zaragoza, northeast Spain. It is located on the south bank of the river Ebro about 41 km south-east of Zaragoza, capital city of Aragon. In 2017 its population was 1,960 (INE 2017), with an area of 118.40 km². Quinto is the capital of the comarca (county) of Ribera Baja del Ebro. Geography Location The municipality of Quinto is located in the Ebro Basin at 175 metres (574 feet) above sea level, on Quaternary deposits near the river Ebro. It is at a distance of 42 km from Zaragoza, capital city of the province and the autonomous community of Aragon. Climate According to the Köppen climatic classification, Quinto has a cold semi-arid climate (type BSk). The winters are slightly cold, with possible night frosts, and in December and January fog and temperature inversions are common. Summers are warm, with maximums above 30 °C, which usually pass 35 °C; the mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragón Offensive
The Aragon Offensive was an important military campaign during the Spanish Civil War, which began after the Battle of Teruel. The offensive, which ran from March 7, 1938, to April 19, 1938, smashed the Republican forces, overran Aragon, and conquered parts of Catalonia and the Levante. Introduction The Battle of Teruel exhausted the material resources of the Republican Army, and wore out the veteran Republican troops. A slowdown of supplies from the Soviet Union exacerbated the difficulties of the Republican government, whose armament industry in Catalonia was already beleaguered. At the same time, however, Francisco Franco had concentrated the bulk of the Nationalist forces in the east and was preparing to drive through Aragon and into Catalonia and the Levante. The Nationalists were able to concentrate 100,000 men between Zaragoza and Teruel with the best troops in the lead. Even though the Nationalist army was numerically inferior to the Republican forces, the Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
POUM
The Workers' Party of Marxist Unification ( es, Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista, POUM; ca, Partit Obrer d'Unificació Marxista) was a Spanish communist party formed during the Second Republic and mainly active around the Spanish Civil War. It was formed by the fusion of the Trotskyist Communist Left of Spain ( es, Izquierda Comunista de España, ICE, links=no) and the Workers and Peasants' Bloc (BOC, affiliated with the Right Opposition) against the will of Leon Trotsky, with whom the former broke. The writer George Orwell served with the party's militia and witnessed the Stalinist repression of the movement, which would help form his anti-authoritarian ideas in later life, and motivated him to cooperate with the British Foreign Office in anti-communist propaganda activities. Formation In 1935, POUM was formed as a communist opposition to the Stalinist form of Communism promoted by the Soviet Union, by the revolutionaries Andreu Nin and Joaquín Maurín. Nin was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villamayor De Gállego
Villamayor de Gállego is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2010 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 2,888 inhabitants. Villamayor de Gállego became independent from Zaragoza Zaragoza, also known in English as Saragossa,''Encyclopædia Britannica'"Zaragoza (conventional Saragossa)" is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It lies by the Ebro river and its tribut ... in 2006. References External links www.villamayordegallego.com Villamayor de Gállego Official Website Municipalities in the Province of Zaragoza {{Zaragoza-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XII International Brigade
The XII International Brigade was mustered on 7 November 1936 at Albacete, Spain. It was formerly named the Garibaldi Brigade, after the most famous and inspiring leader in the Italian Independence Wars, General Giuseppe Garibaldi. Structure Its first commanding officer was a Soviet advisor of Hungarian origin, Gen. "Pavol Lukács" (Máté Zalka), who went on to command the 45th Division of the Spanish Republican Army (he was killed during the Huesca Offensive), and its first political commisar was Gustav Regler. The brigade included, among others, the following battalions: *Garibaldi Battalion – Albanian, Italian and Spanish volunteers, led by Randolfo Pacciardi. *André Marty Battalion – Franco-Belgian volunteers (named after André Marty). *Dabrowski Battalion also known as the Dombrowski Battalion – exiled Polish volunteers * Thaelmann Battalion – German and Austrian volunteers (named after Ernst Thälmann), led by Ludwig Renn. *Figlio Battalion – Spanish volun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 27
Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. *1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order. The Poles are defeated but their leaders escape capture. *1422 – After the brief Gollub War, the Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with Poland and Lithuania. *1529 – The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city. * 1540 – The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III. *1590 – The death of Pope Urban VII, 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, ends the shortest papal reign in history. 1601–1900 *1605 – The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm. *1669 – The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year-long Siege of Candia. *1777 – American R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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