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ʼ Tʼ Tɬʼ Tsʼ Tʃʼ Kʼ
The modifier letter apostrophe () is a letter found in Unicode encoding, used primarily for various glottal sounds. It was used for the apostrophe in early Unicode versions. Encoding The letter apostrophe is encoded at , which is in the ''Spacing Modifier Letters'' Unicode block. In Unicode code charts it looks identical to the , but this is not true for all fonts. The primary difference between the letter apostrophe and U+2019 is that the letter apostrophe U+02BC has the Unicode General Category "Letter, modifier" (Lm), while U+2019 has the category "Punctuation, Final quote" (Pf). Use In early Unicode (versions 1.0–2.1.9) U+02BC was preferred for the punctuation apostrophe in English. Since version 3.0.0, however, U+2019 is preferred due to vast amounts of existing text written in character sets that unified the apostrophe and the single close quote characters. This does make searching for words with apostrophes in them somewhat harder. In the International Phonetic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrillic
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preaspiration
In phonetics, preaspiration (sometimes spelled pre-aspiration) is a period of voicelessness or aspiration preceding the closure of a voiceless obstruent, basically equivalent to an -like sound preceding the obstruent. In other words, when an obstruent is preaspirated, the glottis is opened for some time before the obstruent closure. To mark preaspiration using the International Phonetic Alphabet, the diacritic for regular aspiration, , can be placed before the preaspirated consonant. However, prefer to use a simple cluster notation, e.g. instead of . Typology Preaspiration is comparatively uncommon across languages of the world, and is claimed by some to not be phonemically contrastive in any language. note that, at least in the case of Icelandic, preaspirated stops have a longer duration of aspiration than normally aspirated (post-aspirated) stops, comparable to clusters of +consonant in languages with such clusters. As a result, they view preaspiration as purely a distribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saltillo (linguistics)
In Mexican linguistics, the saltillo ( Spanish, meaning "little skip") is a glottal stop consonant ( IPA: ). The name was given by the early grammarians of Classical Nahuatl. In a number of other Nahuan languages, the sound cognate to the glottal stop of Classical Nahuatl is , and the term ''saltillo'' is applied to it for historical reasons. The saltillo, in both capital and small letter versions, appears in Unicode (in the Latin Extended-D block), but is often written with an apostrophe; it is sometimes written (for either pronunciation), or when pronounced . The spelling of the glottal stop with an apostrophe-like character most likely originates from transliterations of the Arabic hamza. It has also been written with a grave accent over the preceding vowel in some Nahuatl works, following Horacio Carochi (1645). A glottal stop exists as a phoneme in many other indigenous languages of the Americas and its presence or absence can distinguish words. However, there is no glottal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modifier Letter Turned Comma
The modifier letter turned comma is a character found in Unicode resembling a comma that has been turned. Unlike a comma, it is a letter, not a piece of punctuation. It is used in a number of Polynesian alphabets as the letter ʻokina to represent the glottal stop, and in the Uzbek alphabet to form the letters Oʻ and Gʻ, which correspond to Ў and Ғ respectively in the Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. Encoding The letter turned comma is encoded at , which can be rendered in HTML by the entity ʻ (or in hexadecimal form ʻ), in the ''Spacing Modifier Letters'' Unicode block. In Unicode code charts it looks identical to the , . Unicode.org. Retrieved on 7 April 2013. but this is not true for all fonts. The primary difference between the letter turned comma and U+2018 is that the letter turned comma [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modifier Letter Double Apostrophe
The modifier letter double apostrophe (ˮ) is a spacing glyph. It is used in the orthography of Tundra Nenets to denote a glottal stop, in the Enets The Enets (, ; singular: , ; also known as Yenetses, Entsy, Entsi, Yenisei or Yenisey Samoyeds) are a Samoyedic ethnic group who live on the east bank, near the mouth, of the Yenisei River. Historically they were nomadic people. As of 2002, most ... and Nganasan alphabets and in the orthography of Dan to indicate that a syllable has a top tone. It is encoded at . See also * single apostrophe . * Similar symbol {{cyrillic-alphabet-stub Orthography ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamza
The hamza ( ') () is an Arabic script character that, in the Arabic alphabet, denotes a glottal stop and, in non-Arabic languages, indicates a diphthong, vowel, or other features, depending on the language. Derived from the letter '' ʿayn'' (), the hamza is written in initial, medial, and final positions as an unlinked letter or placed above or under a carrier character. Despite its common usage as a letter in Modern Standard Arabic, it is generally not considered to be one of its letters, although some argue that it should be considered so. The hamza is often romanized as a typewriter apostrophe ('), a modifier letter apostrophe (ʼ), a modifier letter right half ring (ʾ), or as the International Phonetic Alphabet symbol . In Arabizi, it is either written as "2" or not written at all. In the Phoenician, Hebrew and Aramaic alphabets, from which the Arabic alphabet is descended, the glottal stop was expressed by ''aleph'' (), continued by ''alif'' () in the Arabic alpha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apostrophe
The apostrophe (, ) is a punctuation mark, and sometimes a diacritical mark, in languages that use the Latin alphabet and some other alphabets. In English, the apostrophe is used for two basic purposes: * The marking of the omission of one or more letters, e.g. the contraction (grammar), contraction of "do not" to "don't" * The marking of Possessive, possessive case of nouns (as in "the eagle's feathers", "in one month's time", "the twins' coats") It is also used in a few exceptional cases for the #Use in forming some plurals, marking of plurals, e.g. "p's and q's" or Oakland A's. The same mark is used as a single quotation mark. It is also substituted informally for other marks for example instead of the prime symbol to indicate the units of foot (unit), foot or minutes of arc. The word ''apostrophe'' comes from the Ancient Greek language, Greek (hē apóstrophos [prosōidía], '[the accent of] turning away or elision'), through Latin language, Latin and French language, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dogri Language
Dogri (Devanagari: ; Name Dogra Akkhar: ; Nastaliq: ; ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the Western Pahari group, primarily spoken in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir, India, with smaller groups of speakers in the adjoining regions of western Himachal Pradesh, northern Punjab, India, Punjab, and north-eastern Pakistan Punjab, Pakistani Punjab. It is the ethnic language of the Dogras, and was spoken in the historical region of Duggar (region), Duggar. It is currently spoken in the districts of Kathua district, Kathua, Jammu district, Jammu, Samba district, Samba, Udhampur district, Udhampur, Reasi and other adjoining districts of Jammu division. Unusually for an Indo-European language, Dogri is tonal language, tonal, a trait it shares with other Western Pahari languages and Punjabi. It has several varieties, all with greater than 80% lexical similarity. Dogri is spoken by 2.6 million people in India (as of the 2011 census). It has been amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boro Language (India)
Boro (बर, ), also rendered Bodo, is a Sino-Tibetan languages, Sino-Tibetan language spoken primarily by the Boro people, Boros of Northeast India and the neighboring nations of Nepal and Bangladesh. It is an official language of the Indian state of Assam, predominantly spoken in the Bodoland Territorial Region. It is also one of the twenty-two languages listed in the Languages with official status in India#Schedule, Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India. Since 1975 the language has been written using the Devanagari script. It was formerly written using Latin script, Latin and Eastern Nagari, Eastern-Nagari scripts. Some scholars have suggested that the language used to have its own now lost script known as Deodhai. Geographic distribution In India, Bodo is spoken in the following places: * Assam: mostly in Bodoland Territorial Region, also in Goalpara District, Bongaigaon District and other districts. * Meghalaya: West Garo Hills district, East Khasi Hills Distri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internationalized Domain Name
An internationalized domain name (IDN) is an Internet domain name that contains at least one label displayed in software applications, in whole or in part, in non-Latin script or alphabet or in the Latin alphabet-based characters with diacritics or ligatures. These writing systems are encoded by computers in multibyte Unicode. Internationalized domain names are stored in the Domain Name System (DNS) as ASCII strings using Punycode transcription. The DNS, which performs a lookup service to translate mostly user-friendly names into network addresses for locating Internet resources, is restricted in practice to the use of ASCII characters, a practical limitation that initially set the standard for acceptable domain names. The internationalization of domain names is a technical solution to translate names written in language-native scripts into an ASCII text representation that is compatible with the DNS. Internationalized domain names can only be used with applications that a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Alphabet
The Belarusian alphabet is based on the Cyrillic script and is derived from the alphabet of Old Church Slavonic. It has existed in its modern form since 1918 and has 32 letters. See also Belarusian Latin alphabet and Belarusian Arabic alphabet. Letters Details Officially, the represents both and , but the latter occurs only in borrowings and mimesis. The is used by some for the latter sound but, with the exception of Taraškievica, has not been standard. A followed by or may denote either two distinct respective sounds (in some prefix-root combinations: пад-земны, ад-жыць) or the Belarusian affricates and (for example, падзея, джала). In some representations of the alphabet, the affricates are included in parentheses after the letter to emphasize their special status: . is not a distinct phoneme but the neutralization of /v/ and /l/ when there is no following vowel, like before a consonant or at the end of a word. Palatalization o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
