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Žulová
Žulová (until 1948 Frýdberk; ) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants. Administrative division Žulová consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Žulová (938) *Tomíkovice (163) Etymology The name is derived from the Czech word for granite (), which was mined here. Geography Žulová is located about north-west of Jeseník and north of Olomouc. It lies in the Žulová Hilly Land. The highest point is the hill Boží hora at above sea level. The Vidnavka stream flows through the town. Velký Pond, located in the eastern part of the municipal territory, is a fish pond with an area of . It is the largest pond in the area. History The first written mention of Frýdberk is from the 13th century, when the Frýdberk Castle was built. The settlement was first referred to as a town in 1358. It was part of the Duchy of Nysa under Kingdom of Bohemia, Bohemian suzeraint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeseník District
Jeseník District () is a Okres, district in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Jeseník. With approximately 36,000 inhabitants, it is the least populated district of the Czech Republic. Administrative division Jeseník District is formed by only one Districts of the Czech Republic#Municipalities with extended competence, administrative district of municipality with extended competence: Jeseník. List of municipalities Towns are marked in bold: Bělá pod Pradědem – Bernartice (Jeseník District), Bernartice – Bílá Voda – Černá Voda – Česká Ves – Hradec-Nová Ves – Javorník (Jeseník District), Javorník – Jeseník – Kobylá nad Vidnavkou – Lipová-lázně – Mikulovice (Jeseník District), Mikulovice – Ostružná – Písečná (Jeseník District), Písečná – Skorošice – Stará Červená Voda – Supíkovice – Uhelná – Vápenná – Velká Kraš – Velké Kunětice – Vidnava – Vl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obec
(, ; plural ) is the Czech and Slovak word for a municipality (in the Czech Republic, in Slovakia and abroad). The literal meaning of the word is " commune" or " community". It is the smallest administrative unit that is governed by elected representatives. Cities and towns are also municipalities. Definition The legal definition (according to the Czech code of law with similar definition in the Slovak code of law) is: ''"The municipality is a basic territorial self-governing community of citizens; it forms a territorial unit, which is defined by the boundary of the municipality."'' Every municipality is composed of one or more cadastral areas. Every municipality is also composed of one or more municipal parts (), which are usually town quarters or villages. A municipality can have its own flag and coat of arms. Czech Republic Almost the entire area of the Czech Republic is divided into municipalities, with the only exception being military training areas. The smaller mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stalag VIII-B
Stalag VIII-B was most recently a German Army (Wehrmacht), German Army administered prisoner-of-war camp#Military District VIII (Breslau), POW camp during World War II, later renumbered Stalag-344, located near the village of Lamsdorf (now Łambinowice) in Silesia. The camp contained barracks built to house British and French World War I POWs. The site had housed POWs of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71. Timeline In the 1860s, the Prussian Army established a training area for artillery at a wooded area near Lamsdorf, a small village connected by rail to Opole and Nysa, Poland, Nysa. During the Franco-Prussian War, a camp for about 3,000 French POWs was established here. During the First World War, a much larger POW camp was established here with some 90,000 soldiers of various nationalities interned here. After the Treaty of Versailles, the camp was decommissioned. It was recommissioned in 1939 to house Poland, Polish prisoners from the German invasion of Poland, which started W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichsgau Sudetenland
The Reichsgau Sudetenland was an administrative division of Nazi Germany from 1939 to 1945. It comprised the northern part of the ''Sudetenland'' territory, which was annexed from Czechoslovakia according to the 30 September 1938 Munich Agreement. The '' Reichsgau'' was headed by the former Sudeten German Party leader, now Nazi Party functionary Konrad Henlein as ''Gauleiter'' and ''Reichsstatthalter''. From October 1938 to May 1939, it was the regional subdivision of the Nazi Party in that area, also under Henlein's leadership. The administrative capital was Reichenberg (Liberec). History In the course of the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, on 30 September 1938 the Heads of Government of the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany signed the Munich Agreement, which enforced the cession of the ''Sudetenland'' to Germany. Czechoslovak representatives were not invited. On 1 October, invading Wehrmacht forces occupied the territory. The new Czechoslovak-German borders were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Labour Under German Rule During World War II
The use of Slavery, slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany () and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale. It was a vital part of the Economics of fascism#Political economy of Nazi Germany, German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in occupied Europe. The Germans abducted approximately 12million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds came from Central Europe and Eastern Europe.Part1 an Part 2 . Many workers died as a result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javorník (Jeseník District)
Javorník (; ) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,600 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. Administrative division Javorník consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Javorník (2,140) * Bílý Potok (219) * Horní Hoštice (54) * Travná (56) * Zálesí (25) Etymology The town's name is derived from ''javor'', i.e. 'maple' in Czech. Geography Javorník is located about northwest of Jeseník and north of Olomouc, on the border with Poland. The town proper is situated in the valley of the stream Javornický potok. The larger part of the municipal territory lies in the Golden Mountains, only the eastern part lies in the Vidnava Lowlands. The highest point is the mountain Borůvková hora at above sea level, located on the Czech-Polish border. History 13th–14th centuries The first written mention of Javorn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Prisoner-of-war Camps In World War II
Nazi Germany operated around 1,000 prisoner-of-war camps () during World War II (1939-1945). The most common types of camps were Oflag, Oflags ("Officer camp") and Stalag, Stalags ("Base camp" – for enlisted personnel POW camps), although other less common types existed as well. Legal background German Reich, Germany signed the Third Geneva Convention of 1929, which established norms relating to the treatment of prisoners of war. * Article 10 required PoWs be lodged in adequately heated and lighted buildings where conditions were the same as for German troops. * Articles 27-32 detailed the conditions of labour. Enlisted ranks were required to perform whatever labour they were asked if able to do, so long as it was not dangerous and did not support the German war-effort. Senior non-commissioned officers (sergeants and above) were required to work only in a supervisory role. Commissioned officers were not required to work, although they could volunteer. The work performed was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, the Torstenson War, the Dutch-Portuguese War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. The war had its origins in the 16th-century Reformation, which led to religious conflict within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg attempted to resolve this by dividing the Empire into Catholic and Lutheran states, but the settlement was destabilised by the subsequent expansion of Protestantism beyond these boundaries. Combined with differences over the limits of imperial authority, religion was thus an important factor in star ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
