Events
Pre-1600
*
217 –
Roman emperor Caracalla
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname Caracalla (; ), was Roman emperor from 198 to 217 AD, first serving as nominal co-emperor under his father and then r ...
is assassinated and is succeeded by his
Praetorian Guard
The Praetorian Guard (Latin language, Latin: ''cohortes praetoriae'') was the imperial guard of the Imperial Roman army that served various roles for the Roman emperor including being a bodyguard unit, counterintelligence, crowd control and ga ...
prefect
Prefect (from the Latin ''praefectus'', substantive adjectival form of ''praeficere'': "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.
A prefect' ...
,
Marcus Opellius Macrinus.
*
876 – The
Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves
Baghdad
Baghdad ( or ; , ) is the capital and List of largest cities of Iraq, largest city of Iraq, located along the Tigris in the central part of the country. With a population exceeding 7 million, it ranks among the List of largest cities in the A ...
from the
Saffarids.
*
1139 –
Roger II of Sicily
Roger II or Roger the Great (, , Greek language, Greek: Ρογέριος; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily and Kingdom of Africa, Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon, C ...
is excommunicated by
Innocent II for supporting
Anacletus II as
pope
The pope is the bishop of Rome and the Head of the Church#Catholic Church, visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the po ...
for seven years, even though Roger had already publicly recognized Innocent's claim to the papacy.
*
1232 –
Mongol–Jin War: The
Mongols
Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China ( Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family o ...
begin their
siege on Kaifeng, the capital of the
Jin dynasty.
*
1250 –
Seventh Crusade
The Seventh Crusade (1248–1254) was the first of the two Crusades led by Louis IX of France. Also known as the Crusade of Louis IX to the Holy Land, it aimed to reclaim the Holy Land by attacking Egypt, the main seat of Muslim power in the Nea ...
:
Ayyubids
The Ayyubid dynasty (), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. A Sunni Muslim of Kurdish ori ...
of Egypt capture King
Louis IX of France
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), also known as Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death in 1270. He is widely recognized as the most distinguished of the Direct Capetians. Following the death of his father, Louis VI ...
in the
Battle of Fariskur.
*
1271 – In
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...
, sultan
Baibars conquers the
Krak des Chevaliers
Krak des Chevaliers (; , ; or , ; from , ) is a medieval castle in Syria and one of the most important preserved medieval castles in the world. The site was first inhabited in the 11th century by Kurds, Kurdish troops garrisoned there by ...
.
1601–1900
*
1605 – The city of
Oulu, Finland, is founded by
Charles IX of Sweden
Charles IX, also Carl (; 4 October 1550 – 30 October 1611), reigned as King of Sweden from 1604 until his death. He was the youngest son of King Gustav I () and of his second wife, Margaret Leijonhufvud, the brother of King Eric XIV and of ...
.
*
1730 –
Shearith Israel, the first
synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as wed ...
in continental North America, is dedicated.
*
1812 – Czar
Alexander I, the
Russian Emperor and the
Grand Duke of Finland, officially announces the transfer of the status of the Finnish capital from
Turku
Turku ( ; ; , ) is a city in Finland and the regional capital of Southwest Finland. It is located on the southwestern coast of the country at the mouth of the Aura River (Finland), River Aura. The population of Turku is approximately , while t ...
to
Helsinki
Helsinki () is the Capital city, capital and most populous List of cities and towns in Finland, city in Finland. It is on the shore of the Gulf of Finland and is the seat of southern Finland's Uusimaa region. About people live in the municipali ...
.
*
1820
Events
January–March
*January 1 – A constitutionalist military insurrection at Cádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament to meet on March 7, becoming the nominal beginning of the "Trienio Liberal" in History of Spain (1 ...
– The ''
Venus de Milo
The ''Venus de Milo'' or ''Aphrodite of Melos'' is an Ancient Greece, ancient Greek marble sculpture that was created during the Hellenistic art, Hellenistic period. Its exact dating is uncertain, but the modern consensus places it in the 2nd ...
'' is discovered on the
Aegean island of
Milos.
*
1832 –
Black Hawk War
The Black Hawk War was a conflict between the United States and Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans led by Black Hawk (Sauk leader), Black Hawk, a Sauk people, Sauk leader. The war erupted after Black Hawk and a group of ...
: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave
St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis ( , sometimes referred to as St. Louis City, Saint Louis or STL) is an Independent city (United States), independent city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It lies near the confluence of the Mississippi River, Mississippi and the Miss ...
to fight the
Sauk Native Americans.
*
1866
Events January
* January 1
** Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee.
** The last issue of the abolitionist magazine '' The Liberator'' is published.
* January 6 – Ottoman troops clash ...
–
Austro-Prussian War:
Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...
and
Prussia
Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...
sign a secret alliance against the
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a Multinational state, multinational European Great Powers, great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the Habsburg monarchy, realms of the Habsburgs. Duri ...
.
*
1886
Events January
* January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British rule in Burma, British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885.
* January 5–January 9, 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson ...
–
William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British politican, starting as Conservative MP for Newark and later becoming the leader of the Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party.
In a career lasting over 60 years, he ...
introduces the first
Irish Home Rule Bill
The Home Rule movement was a movement that campaigned for Devolution, self-government (or "home rule") for Ireland within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was the dominant political movement of Irish nationalism from 1870 to ...
into the
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the upper house, the House of Lords, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. The House of Commons is an elected body consisting of 650 memb ...
.
*
1895 – In ''
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.'' the
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all Federal tribunals in the United States, U.S. federal court cases, and over Stat ...
declares unapportioned
income tax
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Tax ...
to be
unconstitutional
In constitutional law, constitutionality is said to be the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; "Webster On Line" the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or set forth in the applic ...
.
1901–present
*
1904 – The
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France durin ...
and the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the union of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into one sovereign state, established by the Acts of Union 1800, Acts of Union in 1801. It continued in this form until ...
sign the ''
Entente cordiale''.
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*Janu ...
– The Central Committee of the
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party elects
Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal as
General Secretary
Secretary is a title often used in organizations to indicate a person having a certain amount of authority, Power (social and political), power, or importance in the organization. Secretaries announce important events and communicate to the org ...
, marking the beginning of his 44-year-long tenure as ''de facto'' leader of
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...
.
*
1954
Events
January
* January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting.
* January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...
– A Royal Canadian Air Force Canadair
Harvard
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher lear ...
collides with a
Trans-Canada Airlines
Trans-Canada Air Lines (also known as TCA in English, and Trans-Canada in French) was a Canadian airline that operated as the country's flag carrier, with corporate headquarters in Montreal, Quebec. Its first president was Gordon McGregor (busin ...
Canadair North Star over
Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, killing 37 people.
*1954 –
South African Airways Flight 201: A
de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1 crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
– A team of computer manufacturers, users, and university people led by
Grace Hopper meets to discuss the creation of a new
programming language
A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs.
Programming languages are described in terms of their Syntax (programming languages), syntax (form) and semantics (computer science), semantics (meaning), usually def ...
that would be called
COBOL
COBOL (; an acronym for "common business-oriented language") is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is an imperative, procedural, and, since 2002, object-oriented language. COBOL is primarily ...
.
*1959 – The
Organization of American States
The Organization of American States (OAS or OEA; ; ; ) is an international organization founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the Americas.
Headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, the OAS is ...
drafts an agreement to create the
Inter-American Development Bank.
*
1960 – The
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...
and
West Germany
West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
sign an agreement to negotiate the return of
German land annexed by the Dutch in return for 280 million
German marks as
Wiedergutmachung.
*
1968
Events January–February
* January 1968, January – The I'm Backing Britain, I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously.
* January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Cze ...
–
BOAC Flight 712 catches fire shortly after takeoff. As a result of her actions in the accident,
Barbara Jane Harrison is awarded a posthumous
George Cross
The George Cross (GC) is the highest award bestowed by the British government for non-operational Courage, gallantry or gallantry not in the presence of an enemy. In the British honours system, the George Cross, since its introduction in 1940, ...
, the only GC awarded to a woman in peacetime.
[ The citation for Harrison's GC is on p.1, Davis-Gordon's BEM is on p.3]
*
1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 1970 Tonghai earthquake, Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli ...
–
Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing: Israeli bombers strike an Egyptian school. Forty-six children are killed.
*
1974 –
Hank Aaron passes
Babe Ruth
George Herman "Babe" Ruth (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional Baseball in the United States, baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935. Nickna ...
as the
all-time leader in career home runs by hitting his 715th home run off of
Al Downing at
Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium.
*
1990 – The conservative
New Democracy party of
Constantine Mitsotakis is elected in the
Greek parliamentary election.
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An ex ...
& Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p830
*
1993
The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as:
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
– The
Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' is launched on mission
STS-56.
*
2002
The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
– The
Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' is launched on mission
STS-110
STS-110 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) on 8–19 April 2002 flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. The main purpose was to install the S0 Truss segment, which forms the backbone of the truss structure on the ...
, carrying the
S0 truss to the
International Space Station
The International Space Station (ISS) is a large space station that was Assembly of the International Space Station, assembled and is maintained in low Earth orbit by a collaboration of five space agencies and their contractors: NASA (United ...
. Astronaut
Jerry L. Ross also becomes the first person to fly on seven spaceflights.
*
2005
2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, Internationa ...
– A
solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs approximately every six months, during the eclipse season i ...
occurs, visible over areas of the
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...
and Latin American countries such as
Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...
,
Panama
Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and ...
,
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...
and
Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
.
*
2010
The year saw a multitude of natural and environmental disasters such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the 2010 Chile earthquake. The 2009 swine flu pandemic, swine flu pandemic which began the previous year ...
– U.S. President
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who was the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American president in American history. O ...
and Russian President
Dmitry Medvedev
Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician and lawyer who has served as Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of Russia since 2020. Medvedev was also President of Russia between 2008 and 2012 and Prime Mini ...
sign the
New START Treaty.
*
2014
The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...
–
Windows XP
Windows XP is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It was released to manufacturing on August 24, 2001, and later to retail on October 25, 2001. It is a direct successor to Windows 2000 for high-end and business users a ...
reaches its standard
End Of Life and is no longer supported.
*
2020
The year 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, social and Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of even ...
–
Bernie Sanders
Bernard Sanders (born September8, 1941) is an American politician and activist who is the Seniority in the United States Senate, senior United States Senate, United States senator from the state of Vermont. He is the longest-serving independ ...
ends his
presidential campaign, leaving
Joe Biden
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...
as the
Democratic Party's nominee.
*
2024
The year saw the list of ongoing armed conflicts, continuation of major armed conflicts, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), Myanmar civil war, the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), Sudane ...
–
Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024: A total
solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs approximately every six months, during the eclipse season i ...
takes place at the Moon's
ascending node, visible across North America.
Births
Pre-1600
*
1320 –
Peter I of Portugal (died 1367)
*
1408 –
Jadwiga of Lithuania, Polish princess (died 1431)
*
1435 –
John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford, English noble (died 1461)
*
1533
Year 1533 ( MDXXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 25 – King Henry VIII of England formally but secretly marries Anne Boleyn, who becomes his second queen cons ...
–
Claudio Merulo, Italian organist and composer (died 1604)
*
1536
Year 1536 ( MDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
*January 6 – The Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas, is ...
–
Barbara of Hesse (died 1597)
*
1541 –
Michele Mercati, Italian physician and archaeologist (died 1593)
*
1580
1580 (Roman numerals, MDLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events
January–March
* January 31 – Portuguese succession crisis of 1580: The death of Henry, King of Portugal, with no direct heirs, leads ...
–
William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, English noble, courtier and patron of the arts (died 1630)
*
1596 –
Juan van der Hamen, Spanish artist (died 1631)
1601–1900
*
1605 –
Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the ...
(died 1665)
* 1605 –
Mary Stuart, English-Scottish princess (died 1607)
*
1641
Events
January–March
* January 4 – The stratovolcano Mount Parker (Philippines), Mount Parker in the Philippines has a major eruption.
* January 14 – Battle of Malacca (1641), The Battle of Malacca concludes with the D ...
–
Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English general and politician,
Secretary of State for the Northern Department
The secretary of state for the Northern Department was a position in the Cabinet (government), Cabinet of the government of Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain up to 1782. Following this, the Northern Department became the Foreign Office, a ...
(died 1704)
*
1692
Events
January–March
* January 24 – At least 75 residents of what is now York, Maine are killed in the Raid on York (1692), Candlemas Massacre, carried out by French soldiers led by missionary Louis-Pierre Thury, along with a ...
–
Giuseppe Tartini, Italian violinist and composer (died 1770)
*
1726 –
Lewis Morris
Lewis Morris (April 8, 1726 – January 22, 1798) was an American Founding Father, landowner, and developer from Morrisania, New York, presently part of Bronx County. He signed the U.S. Declaration of Independence as a delegate to the Conti ...
, American judge and politician (died 1798)
*
1732 –
David Rittenhouse, American astronomer and mathematician (died 1796)
*
1761 –
William Joseph Chaminade, French priest, founded the
Society of Mary (died 1850)
*
1770
Events January– March
* January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort.
* February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Vi ...
–
John Thomas Campbell, Irish-Australian banker and politician (died 1830)
*
1798 –
Dionysios Solomos
Dionysios Solomos (; ; 8 April 1798 – 9 February 1857) was a Greeks, Greek poet from Zakynthos, who is considered to be Greece's national poet. He is best known for writing the ''Hymn to Liberty'' (, ''Ýmnos eis tīn Eleutherían''), whic ...
, Greek poet and author (died 1857)
*
1818
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Confederacy, Maratha Empire.
** English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel ''Frankenstein ...
–
Christian IX of Denmark (died 1906)
* 1818 –
August Wilhelm von Hofmann, German chemist and academic (died 1892)
*
1826 –
Pancha Carrasco, Costa Rican soldier (died 1890)
*
1827 –
Ramón Emeterio Betances, Puerto Rican ophthalmologist, journalist, and politician (died 1898)
*
1842 –
Elizabeth Bacon Custer, American author and educator (died 1933)
*
1859 –
Edmund Husserl
Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (; 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938) was an Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician who established the school of Phenomenology (philosophy), phenomenology.
In his early work, he elaborated critiques of histori ...
, German Jewish-Austrian mathematician and philosopher (died 1938)
*
1864
Events
January
* January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
–
Carlos Deltour, French rower and rugby player (died 1920)
*
1867
There were only 354 days this year in the newly purchased territory of Alaska. When the territory transferred from the Russian Empire to the United States, the calendric transition from the Julian to the Gregorian Calendar was made with only 1 ...
–
Allen Butler Talcott, American painter and educator (died 1908)
*
1869 –
Harvey Cushing, American surgeon and academic (died 1939)
*
1871 –
Clarence Hudson White, American photographer and educator (died 1925)
*
1874 –
Manuel Díaz, Cuban fencer (died 1929)
* 1874 –
Stanisław Taczak, Polish general (died 1960)
*
1875 –
Albert I of Belgium
Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) was King of the Belgians from 23 December 1909 until his death in 1934. He is popularly referred to as the Knight King (, ) or Soldier King (, ) in Belgium in reference to his role during World War I ...
(died 1934)
*
1882 (O.S. 27 March) –
Dmytro Doroshenko, Lithuanian-Ukrainian historian and politician,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine and Prime Minister of Ukraine (died 1951)
*
1883 –
R. P. Keigwin, English cricketer and academic (died 1972)
* 1883 –
Julius Seljamaa, Estonian journalist and politician,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (died 1936)
*
1885 –
Dimitrios Levidis, Greek-French soldier, composer, and educator (died 1951)
*
1886
Events January
* January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British rule in Burma, British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885.
* January 5–January 9, 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson ...
–
Margaret Ayer Barnes, American author and playwright (died 1967)
*
1888 –
Dennis Chávez, American journalist and politician (died 1962)
*
1889 –
Adrian Boult, English conductor (died 1983)
*
1892 –
Richard Neutra
Richard Joseph Neutra ( ; 8 April 1892 – 16 April 1970) was an Austrian-American architect. Living and building for most of his career in Southern California, he came to be considered a prominent and important modernist architect. His most ...
, Austrian-American architect, designer of the
Los Angeles County Hall of Records (died 1970)
* 1892 –
Mary Pickford
Gladys Louise Smith (April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979), known professionally as Mary Pickford, was a Canadian-American film actress and producer. A Canadian pioneers in early Hollywood, pioneer in the American film industry with a Hollywood care ...
, Canadian-American actress, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of
United Artists (died 1979)
*
1896 –
Yip Harburg, American composer (died 1981)
*
1900
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
–
Marie Byles, Australian solicitor (died 1979)
1901–present
*
1902 –
Andrew Irvine, English mountaineer and explorer (died 1924)
* 1902 –
Maria Maksakova Sr., Russian soprano (died 1974)
*
1904 –
John Hicks
Sir John Richard Hicks (8 April 1904 – 20 May 1989) was a British economist. He is considered one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century. The most familiar of his many contributions in the field of economics ...
, English economist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 1989)
* 1904 –
Hirsch Jacobs, American horse trainer (died 1970)
*
1905 –
Joachim Büchner, German sprinter and graphic designer (died 1978)
* 1905 –
Helen Joseph, English-South African activist (died 1992)
* 1905 –
Erwin Keller, German field hockey player (died 1971)
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
–
Raoul Jobin, Canadian tenor and educator (died 1974)
*
1908 –
Hugo Fregonese
Hugo Geronimo Fregonese (8 April 1908 – 11 January 1987) was an Argentine film director and screenwriter who worked both in Hollywood and his home country during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema, classical era of Argentine cinema.''Cine Na ...
, Argentinian director and screenwriter (died 1987)
*
1909 –
John Fante, American author and screenwriter (died 1983)
*
1910 –
George Musso, American football player and police officer (died 2000)
*
1911
Events January
* January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia.
* January 3
** 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 m ...
–
Melvin Calvin, American chemist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 1997)
* 1911 –
Emil Cioran, Romanian-French philosopher and academic (died 1995)
*
1912
This year is notable for Sinking of the Titanic, the sinking of the ''Titanic'', which occurred on April 15.
In Albania, this leap year runs with only 353 days as the country achieved switching from the Julian to Gregorian Calendar by skippin ...
–
Alois Brunner, Austrian-German
SS officer (died 2001 or 2010)
* 1912 –
Sonja Henie
Sonja Henie (8 April 1912 – 12 October 1969) was a Norway, Norwegian figure skating, figure skater and film star. She was a three-time List of Olympic medalists in figure skating, Olympic champion (Figure skating at the 1928 Winter Olympics, ...
, Norwegian-American figure skater and actress (died 1969)
*
1914
This year saw the beginning of what became known as the First World War, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip ...
–
María Félix,
Yaqui
The Yaqui, Hiaki, or Yoeme, are an Indigenous people of Mexico and Native Americans in the United States, Native American tribe, who speak the Yaqui language, a Uto-Aztecan language.
Their primary homelands are in Río Yaqui valley in the no ...
/
Basque
Basque may refer to:
* Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France
* Basque language, their language
Places
* Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France
* Basque Country (autonomous co ...
-Mexican actress (died 2002)
*
1915 –
Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, philosopher and writer (died 2007)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
–
Winifred Asprey, American mathematician and computer scientist (died 2007)
* 1917 –
Lloyd Bott, Australian public servant (died 2004)
* 1917 –
Hubertus Ernst, Dutch bishop (died 2017)
* 1917 –
Grigori Kuzmin, Russian-Estonian astronomer (died 1988)
*
1918
The ceasefire that effectively ended the World War I, First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people wor ...
–
Betty Ford, American wife of
Gerald Ford
Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913December 26, 2006) was the 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, Ford assumed the p ...
, 40th
First Lady of the United States
First Lady of the United States (FLOTUS) is a title typically held by the wife of the president of the United States, concurrent with the president's term in office. Although the first lady's role has never been Code of law, codified or offici ...
(died 2011)
* 1918 –
Glendon Swarthout, American author and academic (died 1992)
*
1919 –
Ian Smith, Zimbabwean lieutenant and politician, 1st
Prime Minister of Rhodesia (died 2007)
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
–
Franco Corelli, Italian tenor and actor (died 2003)
*
1920 –
Carmen McRae, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress (died 1994)
*
1921
Events
January
* January 2
** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil.
** The Spanish lin ...
–
Jan Novák, Czech composer (died 1984)
* 1921 –
Herman van Raalte, Dutch footballer (died 2013)
*
1923 –
George Fisher, American cartoonist (died 2003)
* 1923 –
Edward Mulhare, Irish-American actor (died 1997)
*
1924 –
Frédéric Back, German-Canadian animator, director, and screenwriter (died 2013)
* 1924 –
Anthony Farrar-Hockley, English general and historian (died 2006)
* 1924 –
Kumar Gandharva, Hindustani classical singer (died 1992)
* 1924 –
Sara Northrup Hollister, American occultist (died 1997)
*
1926
In Turkey, the year technically contained only 352 days. As Friday, December 18, 1926 ''(Julian Calendar)'' was followed by Saturday, January 1, 1927 '' (Gregorian Calendar)''. 13 days were dropped to make the switch. Turkey thus became the ...
–
Henry N. Cobb, American architect and academic, co-founded
Pei Cobb Freed & Partners (died 2020)
* 1926 –
Shecky Greene, American comedian (died 2023)
* 1926 –
Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian and academic (died 2024)
*
1927
Events January
* January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the BBC, British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, John Reith becomes the first ...
–
Tilly Armstrong, English author (died 2010)
* 1927 –
Ollie Mitchell, American trumpet player and bandleader (died 2013)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris B ...
–
Fred Ebb
Fred Ebb (April 8, 1928 – September 11, 2004) was an American musical theatre lyricist who had many successful collaborations with composer John Kander. The Kander and Ebb team frequently wrote for such performers as Liza Minnelli and Chita ...
, American lyricist (died 2004)
*
1929 –
Jacques Brel, Belgian singer-songwriter and actor (died 1978)
* 1929 –
Renzo De Felice, Italian historian and author (died 1996)
*
1930 –
Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma (died 2010)
*
1931 –
John Gavin, American actor and diplomat,
United States Ambassador to Mexico (died 2018)
*1931 –
Jack Le Goff, French equestrian (died 2009)
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...
–
Iskandar of Johor (died 2010)
* 1933 –
James Lockhart, American scholar of colonial Latin America, especially
Nahua people
The Nahuas ( ) are a Uto-Aztecan languages, Uto-Nahuan ethnicity and one of the Indigenous people of Mexico, with Nahua minorities also in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. They comprise the largest Indigenous group i ...
s (died 2014)
*
1934
Events
January–February
* January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established.
* January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strik ...
–
Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect, designed the
Nakagin Capsule Tower and
Singapore Flyer (died 2007)
*
1935
Events
January
* January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims.
* January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
–
Oscar Zeta Acosta
Oscar "Zeta" Acosta Fierro (; April 8, 1935 – disappeared May 1974) was a Mexican Americans, Mexican American Lawyer, attorney, author and activist in the Chicano Movement. He wrote the semi-autobiographical novels ''Autobiography of a Brown ...
, American lawyer and politician (died 1974)
* 1935 –
Albert Bustamante, American soldier, educator, and politician (died 2021)
*
1936
Events January–February
* January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House.
* January 28 – Death and state funer ...
–
Ghassan Kanafani, Palestinian author and politician (died 1972)
*
1937 –
Tony Barton, English footballer and manager (died 1993)
* 1937 –
Seymour Hersh
Seymour Myron Hersh (born April 8, 1937) is an American investigative journalist and political writer. He gained recognition in 1969 for exposing the My Lai massacre and its cover-up during the Vietnam War, for which he received the 1970 Pulitzer ...
, American journalist and author
* 1937 –
Momo Kapor, Serbian author and painter (died 2010)
*
1938
Events
January
* January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS).
* January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
–
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan (8 April 193818 August 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh secretary-general of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the founder a ...
, Ghanaian economist and diplomat, 7th
Secretary-General of the United Nations
The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or UNSECGEN) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the United Nations System#Six principal organs, six principal organs of ...
(died 2018)
* 1938 –
John Hamm
John Frederick Hamm (born April 8, 1938) is a Canadian physician and politician, who served as the 25th premier of Nova Scotia from 1999 to 2006.
Education
Hamm, a graduate of the University of King's College and Dalhousie University, was a ...
, Canadian physician and politician, 25th
Premier of Nova Scotia
* 1938 –
Mary W. Gray, American mathematician, statistician, and lawyer
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
–
Manolis Angelopoulos, Greek singer, composer and songwriter (died 1989)
* 1939 –
John Arbuthnott, Scottish microbiologist and academic (died 2023)
* 1939 –
Trina Schart Hyman, American author and illustrator (died 2004)
* 1939 –
Martin J. Schreiber, American politician, 39th
Governor of Wisconsin
The governor of Wisconsin is the head of government of Wisconsin and the commander-in-chief of the state's Wisconsin Army National Guard, army and Wisconsin Air National Guard, air forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the ...
*
1940
A calendar from 1940 according to the Gregorian calendar, factoring in the dates of Easter and related holidays, cannot be used again until the year 5280.
Events
Below, events related to World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
*Janu ...
–
John Havlicek, American basketball player (died 2019)
*
1941 –
Vivienne Westwood, English fashion designer (died 2022)
*
1942
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was th ...
–
Tony Banks, Baron Stratford, Northern Irish politician,
Minister for Sport and the Olympics (died 2006)
* 1942 –
Roger Chapman, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1942 –
Douglas Trumbull, American director, producer, and special effects artist (died 2022)
*
1943
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured.
* January 4 � ...
–
Michael Bennett, American dancer, choreographer, and director (died 1987)
* 1943 –
Miller Farr, American football player (died 2023)
* 1943 –
James Herbert, English author and illustrator (died 2013)
* 1943 –
Chris Orr, English painter and illustrator
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
–
Hywel Bennett, Welsh actor (died 2017)
* 1944 –
Odd Nerdrum
Odd Nerdrum (born 8 April 1944) is a Norwegian Figurative art, figurative painting, painter. A controversial figure in Norway, he is known for his anti-modernist stance. Themes and style in Nerdrum's work reference anecdote and narrative. Primar ...
, Swedish-Norwegian painter and illustrator
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat.
Events
World War II will be ...
–
Derrick Walker, Scottish businessman
* 1945 –
Jang Yong, South Korean actor
*
1946
1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
–
Catfish Hunter, American baseball player (died 1999)
* 1946 –
Tim Thomerson, American actor and producer
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
–
Tom DeLay
Thomas Dale DeLay (; born April 8, 1947) is an American author and retired politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives. A Republican Party (United States), Republican, DeLay represented Texas's 22nd congress ...
, American lawyer and politician
* 1947 –
Steve Howe, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer
* 1947 –
Pascal Lamy, French businessman and politician,
European Commissioner for Trade
* 1947 –
Larry Norman, American singer-songwriter, and producer (died 2008)
*
1948
Events January
* January 1
** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated.
** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) ...
–
Barbara Young, Baroness Young of Old Scone, Scottish academic and politician
*
1949
Events
January
* January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025
* January 2 – Luis ...
–
K. C. Kamalasabayson, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 39th
Attorney General of Sri Lanka (died 2007)
* 1949 –
John Madden, English director and producer
* 1949 –
Brenda Russell
Brenda Russell (née Gordon; born April 8, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter, producer, and keyboardist. Russell has a diverse musical range which encompasses Rhythm and blues, R&B, pop music, pop, soul music, soul, dance music, dance, and ...
, African-American-Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
* 1949 –
John Scott, English sociologist and academic
*
1950
Events January
* January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed.
* January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
–
Grzegorz Lato, Polish footballer and coach
*
1951
Events
January
* January 4 – Korean War: Third Battle of Seoul – Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time (having lost the Second Battle of Seoul in September 1950).
* January 9 – The Government of the Uni ...
–
Gerd Andres, German politician
* 1951 –
Geir Haarde, Icelandic economist, journalist, and politician, 23rd
Prime Minister of Iceland
The prime minister of Iceland () is head of government of the Republic of Iceland. The prime minister is appointed formally by the president of Iceland, president and exercises executive authority along with the Cabinet of Iceland, cabinet subje ...
* 1951 –
Mel Schacher, American bass player
* 1951 –
Joan Sebastian, Mexican singer-songwriter and actor (died 2015)
* 1951 –
Phil Schaap, American jazz disc jockey and historian (died 2021)
*
1952
Events January–February
* January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* February 6
** Princess Elizabeth, ...
–
Ahmet Piriştina, Turkish politician (died 2004)
*
1954
Events
January
* January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting.
* January 7 – Georgetown–IBM experiment: The first public demonstration of a machine translation system is held in New York, at the head ...
–
Gary Carter
Gary Edmund Carter (April 8, 1954 – February 16, 2012) was an American professional baseball catcher whose 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career was spent primarily with the Montreal Expos and New York Mets. Nicknamed "Kid" for his youth ...
, American baseball player and coach (died 2012)
* 1954 –
Princess Lalla Amina of Morocco (died 2012)
* 1954 –
G.V. Loganathan, Indian-American engineer and academic (died 2007)
*
1955 –
Gerrie Coetzee, South African boxer (died 2023)
* 1955 –
Ron Johnson, American businessman and politician
* 1955 –
Barbara Kingsolver, American novelist, essayist and poet
* 1955 –
David Wu, Taiwanese-American lawyer and politician
*
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
–
Michael Benton
Michael James Benton (born 8 April 1956) is a British palaeontologist, and professor of vertebrate paleontology, vertebrate palaeontology in the School of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol. His published work has mostly concentrated on ...
, Scottish-English paleontologist and academic
* 1956 –
Christine Boisson, French actress
* 1956 –
Roman Dragoun, Czech singer-songwriter and keyboard player
*
1958 –
Detlef Bruckhoff, German footballer
* 1958 –
Tom Petranoff, American javelin thrower and coach
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
–
Alain Bondue, French cyclist
*
1960 –
John Schneider, American actor and country singer
*
1961 –
Richard Hatch, American reality contestant
* 1961 –
Brian McDermott, English footballer and manager
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
–
Paddy Lowe, English engineer
* 1962 –
Izzy Stradlin
Jeffrey Dean Isbell (born April 8, 1962), known professionally as Izzy Stradlin, is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He was a co-founder, rhythm guitarist, and backing vocalist of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he re ...
, American guitarist and songwriter
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...
–
Tine Asmundsen, Norwegian bassist
* 1963 –
Julian Lennon, English singer-songwriter
* 1963 –
Dean Norris, American actor
* 1963 –
Terry Porter, American basketball player and coach
* 1963 –
Donita Sparks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1963 –
Alec Stewart
Alec James Stewart (born 8 April 1963) is an English former cricketer, and former captain of the England cricket team, who played Test cricket and One Day Internationals as a right-handed wicket-keeper-batsman. He is the fifth-most- capped En ...
, English cricketer
*
1964 –
Biz Markie
Marcel Theo Hall (April 8, 1964 – July 16, 2021), known professionally as Biz Markie, was an American rapper, singer, songwriter, DJ, and record producer who gained prominence during hip hop's golden age. He was particularly recognized for ...
, American rapper, producer, and actor (died 2021)
* 1964 –
John McGinlay, Scottish footballer and manager
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
–
Steven Blaney, Canadian businessman and politician, 5th
Canadian Minister of Public Safety
* 1965 –
Michael Jones, New Zealand rugby player and coach
*
1966
Events January
* January 1 – In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa takes over as military ruler of the Central African Republic, ousting President David Dacko.
* January 3 – 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état: President Maurice Yaméogo i ...
–
Iveta Bartošová
Iveta Bartošová (8 April 1966 – 29 April 2014) was a Czech people, Czech singer, actress and celebrity, three-time best female vocalist in the music poll Zlatý slavík (1986, 1990 and 1991). She was also known for her turbulent lifestyle attra ...
, Czech singer and actress (died 2014)
* 1966 –
Mark Blundell, English race car driver
* 1966 –
Andy Currier, English rugby league player
* 1966 –
Charlotte Dawson, New Zealand-Australian television host (died 2014)
* 1966 –
Dalton Grant, English high jumper
* 1966 –
Mazinho, Brazilian footballer, coach, and manager
* 1966 –
Harri Rovanperä, Finnish race car driver
* 1966 –
Evripidis Stylianidis, Greek lawyer and politician,
Greek Minister for the Interior
* 1966 –
Robin Wright, American actress, director, producer
*
1967
Events January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of ...
–
Kenny Benjamin, Antiguan cricketer
*
1968
Events January–February
* January 1968, January – The I'm Backing Britain, I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously.
* January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Cze ...
– Patricia Arquette, American actress and director
* 1968 – Patricia Girard, French runner and hurdler
* 1968 – Tracy Grammer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
*1971 – Darren Jessee, American singer-songwriter and drummer
*1972 – Paul Gray (American musician), Paul Gray, American bass player and songwriter (died 2010)
* 1972 – Sergei Magnitsky, Russian lawyer and accountant (died 2009)
*1973 – Khaled Badra, Tunisian footballer
* 1973 – Emma Caulfield, American actress
* 1973 – Christof May, German theologian
*
1974 – Toutai Kefu, Tongan-Australian rugby player
* 1974 – Chris Kyle, American sniper and memoirist (died 2013)
* 1974 – Nnedi Okorafor, Nigerian-American author and educator
* 1974 – Nayden Todorov, Bulgarian conductor and culture minister
*1975 – Anouk (singer), Anouk, Dutch singer
* 1975 – Francesco Flachi, Italian footballer
* 1975 – Timo Pérez, Dominican-American baseball player
* 1975 – Funda Arar, Turkish singer
*1977 – Ana de la Reguera, Mexican actress
* 1977 – Mehran Ghassemi, Iranian journalist and author (died 2008)
* 1977 – Mark Spencer (computer engineer), Mark Spencer, American computer programmer and engineer
*1978 – Daigo (musician), Daigo, Japanese singer-songwriter, actor, and voice actor
* 1978 – Bernt Haas, Austrian-Swiss footballer
* 1978 – Rachel Roberts (model), Rachel Roberts, Canadian model and actress
* 1978 – Jocelyn Robichaud, Canadian tennis player and coach
* 1978 – Evans Rutto, Kenyan runner
*1979 – Alexi Laiho, Finnish singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2020)
* 1979 – Amit Trivedi, Indian singer-songwriter
*1980 – Manuel Ortega (singer), Manuel Ortega, Austrian singer
* 1980 – Katee Sackhoff, American actress
* 1980 – Mariko Seyama, Japanese announcer, photographer, and model
*1981 – Frédérick Bousquet, French swimmer
* 1981 – Taylor Kitsch, Canadian actor and model
* 1981 – Ofer Shechter, Israeli model, actor, and screenwriter
*1982 – Gennady Golovkin, Kazakhstani boxer
* 1982 – Brett White, Australian rugby league player
* 1982 – Allu Arjun, Indian actor
*1983 – Tatyana Petrova Arkhipova, Russian runner
*1984 – Michelle Donelan, British politician
* 1984 – Ezra Koenig, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1984 – Pablo Portillo, Mexican singer and actor
* 1984 – Taran Noah Smith, American actor
*1985 – Patrick Schliwa, German rugby player
* 1985 – Yemane Tsegay, Ethiopian runner
*1986 – Igor Akinfeev, Russian footballer
* 1986 – Félix Hernández, Venezuelan baseball player
* 1986 – Carlos Santana (baseball), Carlos Santana, Dominican baseball player
*1987 – Royston Drenthe, Dutch footballer
* 1987 – Jeremy Hellickson, American baseball player
* 1987 – Elton John (footballer), Elton John, Trinidadian footballer
* 1987 – Sam Rapira, New Zealand rugby league player
*1988 – Jenni Asserholt, Swedish ice hockey player
*1989 – Matty Healy, English singer-songwriter and producer
*
1990 – Kim Jong-hyun (singer), Kim Jong-hyun, South Korean singer (died 2017)
*1992 – Jeff McNeil, American baseball player
*
1993
The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as:
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
– Viktor Arvidsson, Swedish ice hockey player
*1993 – TBJZL, English YouTuber
*1994 – Josh Chudleigh, Australian rugby league player
*1995 – Forrest Frank, American singer-songwriter
* 1995 – Cedi Osman, Turkish professional basketball player
*1996 – Anna Korakaki, Greek Olympic shooter
*1997 – Kim Woo-jin, South Korean singer
* 1997 – Saygrace, Australian singer and songwriter
* 1997 – Roquan Smith, American football player
* 1997 – Arno Verschueren, Belgian footballer
* 1998 – Lavinia Valbonesi, Ecuadorian nutritionist, businesswoman and First Lady of Ecuador
*1999 – CeeDee Lamb, American football player
*
2002
The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
– Jamie Drysdale, Canadian ice hockey player
* 2002 – Viktória Forster, Slovak track and field athlete
* 2002 – Skai Jackson, American actress
*
2005
2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, Internationa ...
– Zaccharie Risacher, French basketball player
*2013 – A.J. & Big Justice, Big Justice, American social media personality
Deaths
Pre-1600
*
217 –
Caracalla
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname Caracalla (; ), was Roman emperor from 198 to 217 AD, first serving as nominal co-emperor under his father and then r ...
, Roman emperor (born 188)
* 622 – Prince Shōtoku, Shōtoku, Japanese prince (born 572)
* 632 – Charibert II, Frankish king (born 607)
* 894 – Adalelm, Count of Troyes, Adalelm, Frankish nobleman
* 944 – Wang Yanxi, Chinese emperor
* 956 – Gilbert, Duke of Burgundy, Gilbert, Frankish nobleman
* 967 – Mu'izz al-Dawla, Buyid emir (born 915)
*1143 – John II Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (born 1087)
*1150 – Gertrude of Babenberg, Duchess of Bohemia, Gertrude of Babenberg, duchess of Bohemia (born 1118)
*1321 – Thomas of Tolentino, Italian-Franciscan missionary (born c. 1255)
*1338 – Stephen Gravesend, bishop of London
*1364 – John II of France, John II, French king (born 1319)
*1450 – Sejong the Great, Korean king (born 1397)
*1461 – Georg von Peuerbach, German mathematician and astronomer (born 1423)
*1492 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian ruler (born 1449)
*1551 – Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (born 1510)
*1586 – Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran theologian and reformer (born 1522)
1601–1900
*1608 – Magdalen Dacre, English noble (born 1538)
*1612 – Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (born 1575)
*1691 – Carlo Rainaldi, Italian architect, designed the Santa Maria dei Miracoli and Santa Maria in Montesanto (born 1611)
*1697 – Niels Juel, Norwegian-Danish admiral (born 1629)
*1704 – Hiob Ludolf, German orientalist and philologist (born 1624)
* 1704 –
Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English colonel and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1641)
*1709 – Wolfgang Dietrich of Castell-Remlingen, German nobleman (born 1641)
*1725 – John Wise (clergyman), John Wise, American minister (born 1652)
*1735 – Francis II Rákóczi, Hungarian prince (born 1676)
*1848 – Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (born 1797)
*1860 – István Széchenyi, Hungarian statesman and reformer (born 1791)
*1861 – Elisha Otis, American businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company (born 1811)
*1870 – Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (born 1802)
*1877 – Bernardino António Gomes Jr., Bernardino António Gomes, Portuguese physician and naturalist (born 1806)
*1894 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (born 1838)
1901–present
*
1906
Events
January–February
* January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
– Auguste Deter, German woman, first person diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (born 1850)
*
1919 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist, academic, and politician, Minister of Education (Hungary), Hungarian Minister of Education (born 1848)
*
1920 – Charles Griffes, American pianist and composer (born 1884)
*
1931 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish poet Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1864)
*
1936
Events January–February
* January 20 – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Edward VIII, following the death of his father, George V, at Sandringham House.
* January 28 – Death and state funer ...
– Róbert Bárány, Austrian physician and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1876)
* 1936 – Božena Benešová, Czech poet and novelist (born 1873)
*
1941 – Marcel Prévost, French novelist and playwright (born 1862)
*
1942
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 4.62 million. However, the Correlates of War estimates that the prior year, 1941, was th ...
– Kostas Skarvelis, Greek guitarist and composer (born 1880)
*
1947
It was the first year of the Cold War, which would last until 1991, ending with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Events
January
* January–February – Winter of 1946–47 in the United Kingdom: The worst snowfall in the country i ...
– Olaf Frydenlund, Norwegian target shooter (born 1862)
*
1950
Events January
* January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed.
* January 5 – 1950 Sverdlovsk plane crash, Sverdlovsk plane crash: ''Aeroflot'' Lisunov Li-2 ...
– Vaslav Nijinsky, Polish dancer and choreographer (born 1890)
*
1959
Events
January
* January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance.
* January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the ...
– Marios Makrionitis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Athens (born 1913)
*
1961 – Joseph Carrodus, Australian public servant (born 1885)
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (born 1892)
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The First Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is Second inauguration of Lynd ...
– Lars Hanson, Swedish actor (born 1886)
*1969 – Zinaida Aksentyeva, Ukrainian astronomer (born 1900)
*1973 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (born 1881)
*
1974 – James Charles McGuigan, Canadian cardinal (born 1894)
*1979 – Breece D'J Pancake, American short story writer (born 1952)
*1981 – Omar Bradley, American general (born 1893)
*1983 – Isamu Kosugi, Japanese actor and director (born 1904)
*1984 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1894)
*1985 – John Frederick Coots, American pianist and composer (born 1897)
*
1990 – Ryan White, American activist, inspired the Ryan White Care Act (born 1971)
*1991 – Dead (musician), Per Ohlin, Swedish musician (born 1969)
*1992 – Daniel Bovet, Swiss-Italian pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1907)
*
1993
The United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly of the United Nations designated 1993 as:
* International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its ...
– Marian Anderson, American operatic singer (born 1897)
*1994 – François Rozet, French-Canadian actor (born 1899)
*1996 – Ben Johnson (actor), Ben Johnson, American actor and stuntman (born 1918)
* 1996 – León Klimovsky, Argentinian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1906)
* 1996 – Mick Young, Australian politician (born 1936)
*1997 – Laura Nyro, American singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1947)
*2000 – František Šťastný, Czech motorcycle racer (born 1927)
* 2000 – Claire Trevor, American actress (born 1910)
*
2002
The effects of the September 11 attacks of the previous year had a significant impact on the affairs of 2002. The war on terror was a major political focus. Without settled international law, several nations engaged in anti-terror operation ...
–
María Félix, Mexican actress (born 1914)
* 2002 – Harvey Quaytman, American painter (born 1937)
*2004 – Werner Schumacher, German actor (born 1921)
*
2005
2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, Internationa ...
– Onna White, Canadian choreographer and dancer (born 1922)
*2006 – Gerard Reve, Dutch author and poet (born 1923)
*2007 – Sol LeWitt, American painter and sculptor (born 1928)
*2008 – Kazuo Shiraga, Japanese painter (born 1924)
*2009 – Richard de Mille, American Scientologist, author, investigative journalist, and psychologist (born 1922)
* 2009 – Piotr Morawski, Polish mountaineer (born 1976)
*
2010
The year saw a multitude of natural and environmental disasters such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the 2010 Chile earthquake. The 2009 swine flu pandemic, swine flu pandemic which began the previous year ...
– Antony Flew, English philosopher and academic (born 1923)
* 2010 – Malcolm McLaren, English singer-songwriter (born 1946)
* 2010 – Teddy Scholten, Dutch singer (born 1926)
*2011 – Hedda Sterne, Romanian-American painter and photographer (born 1910)
*2012 – Blair Kiel, American football player and coach (born 1961)
* 2012 – Jack Tramiel, Polish-American businessman, founded Commodore International (born 1928)
* 2012 – Janusz K. Zawodny, Polish-American soldier, historian, and political scientist (born 1921)
*2013 – Mikhail Beketov, Russian journalist (born 1958)
* 2013 – Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (born 1942)
* 2013 – Sara Montiel, Spanish-Mexican actress and singer (born 1928)
* 2013 – José Luis Sampedro, Spanish economist and author (born 1917)
* 2013 – Margaret Thatcher, English politician, first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1925)
*
2014
The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...
– Emmanuel III Delly, Iraqi patriarch (born 1927)
* 2014 – Karlheinz Deschner, German author and activist (born 1924)
* 2014 – Ivan Mercep, New Zealand architect, designed the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Te Papa Tongarewa Museum (born 1930)
*2015 – Jayakanthan, Indian journalist and author (born 1934)
* 2015 – Rayson Huang, Hong Kong chemist and academic (born 1920)
* 2015 – Sergei Lashchenko, Ukrainian kick-boxer (born 1987)
* 2015 – David Laventhol, American journalist and publisher (born 1933)
* 2015 – Jean-Claude Turcotte, Canadian cardinal (born 1936)
*2019 – Josine Ianco-Starrels, Romanian-born American art curator (born 1926)
*
2020
The year 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, social and Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of even ...
– Rick May, American-Canadian voice actor (born 1940)
* 2020 – Abdul Momin Imambari, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar (born 1930)
*2022 – Mimi Reinhardt, Jewish Austrian secretary (born 1915)
*
2024
The year saw the list of ongoing armed conflicts, continuation of major armed conflicts, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), Myanmar civil war, the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), Sudane ...
– Keith Barnes, Welsh-Australian rugby league player and coach (born 1934)
* 2024 – Peter Higgs, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1929)
* 2024 – Ralph Puckett, American Army officer, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1926)
* 2025 – Nelsy Cruz, Dominican politician, governor of Monte Cristi Province, Monte Cristi (born 1982)
Holidays and observances
* Buddha's Birthday, also known as ''Hana Matsuri'', "Flower Festival" (Japan)
* Christian feast day:
** Anne Ayres (Episcopal Church (USA))
** Constantina
** Julie Billiart of Namur
** Saint Perpetuus, Perpetuus
** Walter of Pontoise
** William Augustus Muhlenberg (Episcopal Church (USA))
** April 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
* Earliest day on which Fast and Prayer Day can fall, while April 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Friday in April (Liberia)
* International Romani Day
References
External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on April 8
{{months
Days of April