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Wanshishizhudi
Wanshishizhudi (), born Tan (), was the son of Huxie Shizhu Houti. He succeeded Shizi in 98 AD and ruled until 124 AD. He was succeeded by his brother Wujihoushizhudi. In 107 AD, the Great Qiang Rebellion in conjunction with invasions by the Wuhuan and Xianbei severely weakened the Han dynasty. In 109 AD, the Han renegade Han Zong convinced Wanshi to rebel. Wanshi attacked the Emissary Geng Chong but failed to oust him. Han forces under Geng Kui retaliated and defeated a force of 3,000 Xiongnu but could not take the Southern Xiongnu capital due to disease among the horses of their Xianbei allies. In the following year, the Southern Xiongnu raided Changshan Commandery and Zhongshan Commandery. Wanshi engaged in battle with a Han army of 8,000 under Liang Qin Liang Qin (; born 28 July 1972) is a Chinese fencer. She won a bronze medal in the women's team épée event at the 2000 Summer Olympics The 2000 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shizi (chanyu)
Tingdu Shizhu Houdi (), personal name Shizi (), was the son of Xitong Shizhu Houti. He succeeded Anguo Chanyu in 94 AD and ruled until 98 AD. He was succeeded by Wanshishizhudi. Shizi commanded Southern Xiongnu cavalry forces against the Northern Chanyu from 89 to 91 AD. He was highly popular with the Southern Xiongnu for his tenacious oppression of the northerners. In 94 AD, Anguo Chanyu was pressured into attacking Shizi, who took refuge with the General on the Liao. When the attack failed, Anguo's followers killed him. Shizi became chanyu and took the title of Tingdu Shizhu Houti. Many of the northern refugees did not like this however and attacked Shizi and Du Chong, who took refugee in a herding office before Han forces arrived and drove the northerners away. The northern refugees proclaimed Fenghou as their chanyu and fled across the frontier. Shizi planned on arresting the subordinate king Wujuzhan, a friend of Anguo, who he suspected of planning his assassination. W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wujihoushizhudi
Wujihoushizhudi (), born Ba, was the son of Huxie Shizhu Houti. He succeeded his brother Wanshishizhudi in 124 AD and ruled until 128 AD. He was succeeded by his brother Xiuli. At the time of Wuji's accession, the northern borders were troubled by Xianbei raids and one of his senior officers was killed in the fighting. Wuji received assistance from the Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warr ... in fending off the Xianbei, with his reign being marked by growing dependence on the Han. Southern Xiongnu once guarded the Chinese frontier, but now they were the ones who required aid. Wuji died in 128 AD and was succeeded by his brother Xiuli. Footnotes References * *Bichurin N.Ya., ''"Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times"'', vol. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chanyu
Chanyu () or Shanyu (), short for Chengli Gutu Chanyu (), was the title used by the supreme rulers of Inner Asian nomads for eight centuries until superseded by the title "'' Khagan''" in 402 CE. The title was most famously used by the ruling Luandi clan of the Xiongnu during the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE) and Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). It was later also used infrequently by the Chinese as a reference to Gokturk leaders. Etymology According to the '' Book of Han'', "the Xiongnu called the Heaven (天) '' Chēnglí'' (撐犁) and they called a child (子) ''gūtú'' (孤塗). As for ''Chányú'' (單于), it is a "vast ndgreat appearance" (廣大之貌).". L. Rogers and Edwin G. Pulleyblank argue that the title ''chanyu'' may be equivalent to the later attested title '' tarkhan'', suggesting that the Chinese pronunciation was originally ''dān-ĥwāĥ'', an approximation for ''*darxan''.Universität Bonn. Seminar für Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft Zentralasiens: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xianbei
The Xianbei (; ) were a Proto-Mongolic ancient nomadic people that once resided in the eastern Eurasian steppes in what is today Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Northeastern China. They originated from the Donghu people who splintered into the Wuhuan and Xianbei when they were defeated by the Xiongnu at the end of the third century BC. The Xianbei were largely subordinate to larger nomadic powers and the Han dynasty until they gained prominence in 87 AD by killing the Xiongnu chanyu Youliu. However unlike the Xiongnu, the Xianbei political structure lacked the organization to pose a concerted challenge to the Chinese for most of their time as a nomadic people. After suffering several defeats by the end of the Three Kingdoms period, the Xianbei migrated south and settled in close proximity to Han society and submitted as vassals, being granted the titles of dukes. As the Xianbei Murong, Tuoba, and Duan tribes were one of the Five Barbarians who were vassals of the Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modu Chanyu
Modu, Maodun, Modun (, from Old Chinese (220 B.C.E.): *''mouᴴ-tuən'' or *''mək-tuən'', c. 234 – c. 174 BCE) was the son of Touman and the founder of the empire of the Xiongnu. He came to power by ordering his men to kill his father in 209 BCE. Modu ruled from 209 BCE to 174 BCE. He was a military leader under his father Touman and later Chanyu of the Xiongnu Empire, based on the Mongolian Plateau. He secured the throne and established a powerful Xiongnu Empire by successfully unifying the tribes of the Mongolian-Manchurian grassland in response to the loss of Xiongnu pasture lands to invading Qin forces commanded by Meng Tian in 215 BCE. While Modu rode and then furthered the wave of militarization and effectively centralized Xiongnu power, the Qin quickly fell into disarray with the death of the first emperor in 210 BCE, leaving Modu a free hand to expand his Xiongnu Empire into one of the largest of his time. The eastern border stretched as far as the Liao River, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huxie Shizhu Houti
Huxie Shizhu Houdi (), born Chang, was the son of Xitong Shizhu Houdi. He succeeded Qiuchu Julindi in 63 AD and ruled until his death in 85 AD. He was succeeded by his cousin Yitu Yulüdi. In the summer of 65 AD, the Northern Xiongnu tried to cross the Yellow River but turned back when they saw that Han forces were ready for them. In 73 AD, Han General Dou Gu led an expedition against the Northern Xiongnu and defeated them at the Battle of Yiwulu. Huxie sent his Tuqi of the Left Xin to accompany the main column led by Zhai Tong and Wu Tang. Xin was mad at Zhai Tong for some reason and gave him false directions, causing the main column to miss the battle. In 74 AD, the Northern Xiongnu tried to take Zhuoye Mountain, but Huxie sent light horsemen accompanied by Han militia to stop them. They killed several hundred and three or four thousand Northern Xiongnu surrendered. The Southern Xiongnu experienced droughts, locust plagues, and famine in their territory throughout the 7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qiang (historical People)
Qiang () was a name given to various groups of people at different periods in ancient China. The Qiang people are generally thought to have been of Tibeto-Burman origin, though there are other theories. The Tangut people of the Tang, Sung and Yuan dynasties may be of Qiang descent. The modern Qiang people as well as Tibetans may also have been descended in part from the ancient Qiangs. Etymology According to the Han dynasty dictionary '' Shuowen Jiezi'', the Qiang were shepherds, and the Chinese character for Qiang () was thus formed from the characters for "sheep" (羊) and "man" (人), and pronounced like "sheep".Shouwen Original text: 羌：西戎牧羊人也。从人从羊，羊亦聲。 '''' also m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuhuan
The Wuhuan (, < Eastern Han Chinese: *''ʔɑ-ɣuɑn'', < (c. 78 BCE): *''ʔâ-wân'' < *''Awar''Schuessler, Axel (2014) "Phonological Notes on Hàn Period Transcriptions of Foreign Names and Words" in ''Studies in Chinese and Sino-Tibetan Linguistics: Dialect, Phonology, Transcription and Text''. Series: Language and Linguistics Monograph. Issue 53. p. 257 of 249-292) were a Proto-Mongolic who inhabited n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warring interregnum known as the ChuHan contention (206–202 BC), and it was succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). The dynasty was briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) established by usurping regent Wang Mang, and is thus separated into two periods—the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history, and it has influenced the identity of the Chinese civilization ever since. Modern China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han people", the Sinitic language is known as "Han language", and the written Chinese is referred to as " Han characters". The emperor was at the pinnacle of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geng Chong
Geng Chong (), born in Xianyang, Shaanxi, was a general during the Battle of Yiwulu in 73, he is a nephew of Geng Kui. Han dynasty generals 1st-century Chinese people {{china-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geng Kui
Geng Kui (), born in Xianyang, Shaanxi, was a general sent by Dou Xian to defeat the unnamed Northern Chanyu, leader of the Xiongnu nomads. He achieved this in 91 AD, shortly after the Battle of Ikh Bayan. The Northern Chanyu was defeated once more and fled away, abandoning his kingdom. It is unknown where he went or what became of him. In 109 the Southern Chanyu with a number of Wuhuan and Xianbi rebelled and, by winter, controlled a large area of the northern commanderies near the Yellow River. 20,000 men under He Xi were sent to aid the local Chinese forces. Geng Kui, who is named as being the Governor of Liaodong at the time, and Liang Qin, the last Protector General of the Western Regions who was hurriedly sent with 8,000 men bore the brunt of the fighting. In the 3rd month of 110 the Southern Chanyu was overwhelmed and came to kowtow and begged to surrender. His request was granted. In the summer of 121, the Xianbi along with the Mo and Hui peoples of the northeast defeat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Changshan Commandery
Changshan Commandery (常山郡), or Hengshan Commandery (恒山郡), was a historical commandery of China, located in present-day southern Hebei province. The commandery was established as Hengshan by the Qin state after it annexed the state of Zhao. After the foundation of Han dynasty, it became part of the Zhao Kingdom. During Empress Dowager Lü's reign, it was briefly granted to Liu Buyi (劉不疑), son of the Emperor Hui, as his fief. After the death of Buyi, the territory was first passed to Liu Hong, Emperor Houshao of Han, then it was granted to Liu Chao (劉朝), another son of Emperor Hui. During the defeat of the Lü clan, Liu Chao was killed and the territory again became a commandery of Zhao. The name was later changed to Changshan for the naming taboo of Emperor Wen of Han (personal name Liu Heng). The territory became a separate principality in 145 BC during Emperor Jing's reign, and was granted to Liu Shun (劉舜). In 113 BC, Shun's successor Liu Bo (劉 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
