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Tietz Department Store (Elberfeld)
The Tietz department store in Wuppertal-Elberfeld (today Galeria Kaufhof) is a historically significant department store building that was seized from its Jewish owners under the Nazis. Early history The Tietz department store was cofounded by Hermann Tietz (1837-1907) in 1882. The building was designed by Wilhelm Kreis, one of the leading architects of the time, who also designed the Bismarck tower, Bismarck Tower in Wuppertal, on behalf of Leonhard Tietz AG as a multi-department store based on the French model. It was built in 1911/1912 and opened on April 24, 1912 at Neumarkt in Elberfeld (today No. 26). The immense variety of goods under one roof offered the population of the time a completely new shopping experience. Prior to this, a first branch existed on Herzogstrasse from 1885, which was considered Germany's first department store. Nazi-era seizure When the Nazis Nazi seizure of power, came to power in Germany in 1933, the Tietz were persecuted because of their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuppertal Neumarktstr 0009
Wuppertal (; "''Wupper dale (landform), Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the List of cities in Germany by population, 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and towns of Elberfeld, Barmen, Ronsdorf, Cronenberg, Wuppertal, Cronenberg and Vohwinkel, and was initially "Barmen-Elberfeld" before adopting its present name in 1930. It is regarded as the capital and largest city of the Bergisches Land (historically this was Düsseldorf). The city straddles the densely populated banks of the River Wupper, a tributary of the Rhine called ''Wipper'' in its upper course. Wuppertal is located between the Ruhr (Essen) to the north, Düsseldorf to the west, and Cologne to the southwest, and over time has grown together with Solingen, Remscheid and Hagen. The stretching of the city in a long band along the narrow Wupper Valley leads to a spatial impression of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugo Zwillenberg
Hermann Hugo (Hugo) Zwillenberg (26 May 1885 in Lyck, East Prussia – 31 October 1966 in Bern; full name: Hermann Hugo Zwillenberg) was a German-Jewish lawyer, entrepreneur and diplomat. Life Zwillenberg spent his early years in his native town of Lyck, where he first attended the community school and then the Royal Lyck Gymnasium. After his parents moved to Rastenburg, he attended the Herzog-Albrechts-Gymnasium there, where he passed the Abitur at Easter 1904. Zwillenberg then studied law and political science, first at the Albertus University in Königsberg, then at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin and finally at the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich. In 1908 he passed the first state law examination, then began his practical training as a trainee lawyer. From October 1, 1908, to September 30, 1909, he performed his military service as a one-year volunteer, first until March 31 with the Royal Bavarian 8th Field Artillery Regiment "Prinz Heinrich von Preußen" in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Companies Acquired From Jews Under Nazi Rule
A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Companies take various forms, such as: * voluntary associations, which may include nonprofit organizations * business entities, whose aim is generating profit * financial entities and banks * programs or educational institutions A company can be created as a legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duty according to the publicly declared incorporation, or published policy. When a company closes, it may need to be liquidated to avoid further legal obligations. Companies may associate and collectively register themselves as new companies; the resulting entities are often known as corporate groups. Meanings and definitions A company can be defined as an "artificial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910s Architecture
Year 191 (Roman numerals, CXCI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Apronianus and Bradua (or, less frequently, year 944 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 191 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Parthia * King Vologases IV of Parthia dies after a 44-year reign, and is succeeded by his son Vologases V of Parthia, Vologases V. China * A coalition of Chinese warlords from the east of Hangu Pass launches a Campaign against Dong Zhuo, punitive campaign against the warlord Dong Zhuo, who seized control of the central government in 189, and held the figurehead Emperor Xian of Han, Emperor Xian hostage. After suffering some defeats against the coalition forces, Dong Zhuo forcefully relocates the imperial capital from Luoyan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Claims For Restitution For Nazi-looted Art
The list of restitution claims for art looted by the Nazis or as a result of Nazi persecution is organized by the country in which the paintings were located when the return was requested. Australia and New Zealand Austria Belgium Germany Canada The Netherlands Spain United States France Great Britain Hungary Ireland Israel Italy Japan Liechtenstein Czech Republic Switzerland Poland Links to Restitution Reports from National Committees Reports Austria (Provenance Research and Restitution in the Austrian Federal Collections [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were carried out in pogroms and mass shootings; by a policy of extermination through labor in concentration camps; and in gas chambers and gas vans in German extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bełżec, Chełmno, Majdanek, Sobibór, and Treblinka in occupied Poland. Germany implemented the persecution in stages. Following Adolf Hitler's appointment as chancellor on 30 January 1933, the regime built a network of concentration camps in Germany for political opponents and those deemed "undesirable", starting with Dachau on 22 March 1933. After the passing of the Enabling Act on 24 March, which gave Hitler dictatorial plenary powers, the government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aryanization
Aryanization (german: Arisierung) was the Nazi term for the seizure of property from Jews and its transfer to non-Jews, and the forced expulsion of Jews from economic life in Nazi Germany, Axis-aligned states, and their occupied territories. It entailed the transfer of Jewish property into "Aryan" or non-Jewish, hands. "Aryanization" is , according to Kreutzmüller and Zaltin in ''Dispossession:Plundering German Jewry, 1933-1953'', "a Nazi slogan that was used to camouflage theft and its political consequences." The process started in 1933 in Nazi Germany with transfers of Jewish property and ended with the Holocaust. Two phases have generally been identified: a first phase in which the theft from Jewish victims was concealed under a veneer of legality, and a second phase, in which property was more openly confiscated. In both cases, Aryanization corresponded to Nazi policy and was defined, supported, and enforced by Germany's legal and financial bureaucracy. Michael Bazyler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Creutz
Max Creutz (8 December 1876 – 13 March 1932) was a German art historian and curator of the Museum für Angewandte Kunst Köln and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Museum in Krefeld where he worked from 1922 until his death. In Cologne, in 1914 he was instrumental in the first exhibition of the Deutscher Werkbund, Deutsche Werkbundausstellung. In Krefeld, he succeeded in acquiring modern art exhibits, including works by Max Ernst, Wassily Kandinsky, and Alexej von Jawlensky. He included a substantial collection of art, crafts and design from the Bauhaus. Life and work Creutz was born in Aachen and attended the Progymnasium in Jülich, and then the Gymnasium in Düren, where he graduated in 1897. His father, also Max Creutz was Königlicher Kreis-Rentmeister. Creutz studied art history in Vienna, and attended a school for painting. In Munich and then at the Humboldt University of Berlin he studied art history and philosophy, and trained himself in painting. Meanwhile, he traveled extensiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp
Sachsenhausen () or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg was a German Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 1936 until April 1945, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in May later that year. It mainly held political prisoners throughout World War II. Prominent prisoners included Joseph Stalin's oldest son, Yakov Dzhugashvili; assassin Herschel Grynszpan; Paul Reynaud, the penultimate Prime Minister of France; Francisco Largo Caballero, Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War; the wife and children of the Crown Prince of Bavaria; Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera; and several enemy soldiers and political dissidents. Sachsenhausen was a labor camp, outfitted with several subcamps, a gas chamber, and a medical experimentation area. Prisoners were treated inhumanely, fed inadequately, and killed openly. After World War II, when Oranienburg was in the Soviet Occupation Zone, the structure was used by the NKVD ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuppertal Elberfeld - Kaufhof 06 Ies
Wuppertal (; "''Wupper Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and towns of Elberfeld, Barmen, Ronsdorf, Cronenberg and Vohwinkel, and was initially "Barmen-Elberfeld" before adopting its present name in 1930. It is regarded as the capital and largest city of the Bergisches Land (historically this was Düsseldorf). The city straddles the densely populated banks of the River Wupper, a tributary of the Rhine called ''Wipper'' in its upper course. Wuppertal is located between the Ruhr (Essen) to the north, Düsseldorf to the west, and Cologne to the southwest, and over time has grown together with Solingen, Remscheid and Hagen. The stretching of the city in a long band along the narrow Wupper Valley leads to a spatial impression of Wuppertal being larger than it actually is. The city is known for its steep s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
