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Tiberius III
Tiberius III (), born Apsimar (; ), was Byzantine emperor from 698 to 705. Little is known about his early life, other than that he was a , a mid-level commander, who served in the Cibyrrhaeot Theme. In 696, Tiberius was part of an army sent by Byzantine Emperor Leontius to retake the North African city of Carthage, which had been captured by the Arab Umayyads. After seizing the city, this army was pushed back by Umayyad reinforcements and retreated to the island of Crete. As they feared the wrath of Leontius, some officers killed their commander, John the Patrician, and declared Tiberius the emperor. Tiberius swiftly gathered a fleet and sailed for Constantinople, where he then deposed Leontius. Tiberius did not attempt to retake Byzantine Africa from the Umayyads, but campaigned against them along the eastern border with some success. In 705, former emperor Justinian II, who had been deposed by Leontius, led an army of Slavs and Bulgars from the First Bulgarian Empire to C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solidus (coin)
The ''solidus'' (Latin 'solid'; : ''solidi'') or ''nomisma'' () was a highly pure gold coin issued in the Later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire. It was introduced in the early 4th century, replacing the aureus, and its weight of about 4.45 grams remained relatively constant for seven centuries. In the Byzantine Empire, the solidus or nomisma remained a highly pure gold coin until the 11th century, when several Byzantine emperors began to strike the coin with debasement, less and less gold. The nomisma was finally abolished by Alexios I Komnenos in 1092, who replaced it with the hyperpyron, which also came to be known as a "bezant". The Byzantine solidus also inspired the zolotnik in the Kievan Rus' and the originally slightly less pure gold dinar first issued by the Umayyad Caliphate beginning in 697. In Western Europe, the solidus was the main gold coin of commerce from late Roman times to the Early Middle Ages. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the solidus also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgars
The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari, Proto-Bulgarians) were Turkic peoples, Turkic Nomad, semi-nomadic warrior tribes that flourished in the Pontic–Caspian steppe and the Volga region between the 5th and 7th centuries. They became known as Eurasian nomads, nomadic equestrians in the Volga-Ural region, but some researchers trace Bulgar ethnic roots to Central Asia. During their westward migration across the Eurasian Steppe, the Bulgar tribes absorbed other tribal groups and cultural influences in a process of ethnogenesis, including Iranian peoples, Iranic, Finno-Ugric peoples, Finno-Ugric, and Huns, Hunnic tribes. The Bulgars spoke a Turkic languages, Turkic language, the Bulgar language of the Oghur languages, Oghuric branch. They preserved the military titles, organization, and customs of Eurasian steppes as well as pagan shamanism and belief in the sky deity Tengri, Tangra. The Bulgars became semi-sedentary during the 7th century in the Pontic- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Vasiliev (historian)
Alexander Alexandrovich Vasiliev (; 4 October 1867 ( N.S.) – 30 May 1953) was a Russian historian. He was considered the foremost authority on Byzantine history and culture in the mid-20th century. His ''History of the Byzantine Empire'' (vol. 1–2, 1928) remains one of a few comprehensive accounts of the entire Byzantine history, on the par with those authored by Edward Gibbon and Fyodor Uspensky. Biography Vasiliev was born in Saint Petersburg. He studied under one of the earliest professional Byzantinists, Vasily Vasilievsky, at the University of St Petersburg and later taught Arabic language there. Between 1897 and 1900, he furthered his education in Paris. In 1902, he accompanied Nicholas Marr in his trip to Saint Catherine's Monastery in Sinai. During his stay at the Tartu University (1904–12), Vasiliev prepared and published a highly influential monograph, ''Byzantium and the Arabs'' (1907). He also worked in the Russian Archaeology Institute, established b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatolia
Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Turkish Straits to the northwest, and the Black Sea to the north. The eastern and southeastern limits have been expanded either to the entirety of Asiatic Turkey or to an imprecise line from the Black Sea to the Gulf of Alexandretta. Topographically, the Sea of Marmara connects the Black Sea with the Aegean Sea through the Bosporus and the Dardanelles, and separates Anatolia from Thrace in Southeast Europe. During the Neolithic, Anatolia was an early centre for the development of farming after it originated in the adjacent Fertile Crescent. Beginning around 9,000 years ago, there was a major migration of Anatolian Neolithic Farmers into Neolithic Europe, Europe, with their descendants coming to dominate the continent a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia. The Turkic languages originated in a region of East Asia spanning from Mongolia to Northwest China, where Proto-Turkic language, Proto-Turkic is thought to have been spoken, from where they Turkic migration, expanded to Central Asia and farther west during the first millennium. They are characterized as a dialect continuum. Turkic languages are spoken by some 200 million people. The Turkic language with the greatest number of speakers is Turkish language, Turkish, spoken mainly in Anatolia and the Balkans; its native speakers account for about 38% of all Turkic speakers, followed by Uzbek language, Uzbek. Characteristic features such as vowel harmony, agglutination, subject-object-verb order, and lack of grammatical gender, are almost universal within the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Haldon
John Frederick Haldon FBA (born 23 October 1948 in Newcastle upon Tyne) is a British historian, and Shelby Cullom Davis '30 Professor of European History emeritus, professor of Byzantine history and Hellenic Studies emeritus, as well as former director of the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Iran and Persian Gulf Studies at Princeton University. Early life and education Haldon received his bachelor's degree from the University of Birmingham in 1970, with a thesis on "Arms, armour and tactical organisation of the Byzantine army from Maurice to Basil II", and his master's degree from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany. He returned to the University of Birmingham to complete his PhD in 1975 on "Aspects of Byzantine military administration: the Elite Corps, the Opsikion, and the Imperial Tagmata from the sixth to the ninth century" under the supervision of Anthony Bryer. Haldon also studied Modern Greek at the University of Athens. He initially wanted to study Roman- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leslie Brubaker
Leslie Brubaker (born 1951) is an expert in Byzantine illustrated manuscripts. She was appointed Professor of Byzantine Art at the University of Birmingham in 2005, and is now Professor Emerita. Her research interests includes female patronage, icons and the cult of the Virgin Mary. She was formerly the head of Postgraduate Studies in the College of Arts and Law, University of Birmingham. Professor Brubaker is the Chair of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies. Her work is widely stocked in libraries around the world. Biography Brubaker was educated at Pennsylvania State University, where she obtained her B.A. in 1972 and then an M.A. in 1976. Brubaker continued on to complete her PhD at Johns Hopkins University. Her PhD thesis was entitled 'The Illustrated Copy of the Homilies of Gregory of Nazianzus in Paris (Bibliothèque Nationale, cod. gr. 510)' (in two volumes). Brubaker was simultaneously employed as an instructor in the Department of Art, Wheaton College ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavic Languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavs, Slavic peoples and their descendants. They are thought to descend from a proto-language called Proto-Slavic language, Proto-Slavic, spoken during the Early Middle Ages, which in turn is thought to have descended from the earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic language, linking the Slavic languages to the Baltic languages in a Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic group within the Indo-European family. The current geographical distribution of natively spoken Slavic languages includes the Balkans, Central and Eastern Europe, and all the way from Western Siberia to the Russian Far East. Furthermore, the diasporas of many Slavic peoples have established isolated minorities of speakers of their languages all over the world. The number of speakers of all Slavic languages together was estimated to be 315 million at the turn of the twenty-first century. It is the largest and most d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judith Herrin
Judith Herrin (; born 1942) is an English archaeologist, byzantinist, and historian of Late Antiquity. She was a professor of Late Antique and Byzantine studies and the Constantine Leventis Senior Research Fellow at King's College London (now emerita). Early life and education Herrin was educated at Bedales School, after which she studied history at Newnham College, Cambridge, and was awarded her Ph.D. in 1972 from the University of Birmingham. She trained in Paris, Athens and Munich. Career Herrin worked as an archaeologist with the British School at Athens and on the site of Kalenderhane Mosque in Istanbul as a Dumbarton Oaks fellow. Between 1991 and 1995, she was Stanley J. Seeger Professor in Byzantine History, Princeton University. She was appointed Professor of Late Antique and Byzantine Studies at King's College London (KCL) in 1995, and was head of the Center for Hellenic Studies at KCL. She retired from the post in 2008, becoming Professor Emeritus. She was president ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthony Bryer
Anthony Applemore Mornington Bryer (31 October 1937 – 22 October 2016) was a British historian of the Byzantine Empire who founded the journal ''Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies'' and the Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies at the University of Birmingham. Biographical details Anthony Bryer was born on 31 October 1937 in Southsea, Portsmouth. He was the son of Group Captain Gerald Bryer OBE and Joan Bryer (née Grigsby), a Special Operations Executive employee. Part of his childhood was spent in Jerusalem where he was first acquainted with Steven Runciman, Sir Steven Runciman, historian and Byzantine scholar. In 1961 he married Elizabeth Lipscomb, a fellow Oxford student; they had three daughters. She died in 1995 and Bryer married Jennifer Ann Banks, a fellow Birmingham academic, in 1998. Bryer died on 22 October 2016. Education and career Bryer was educated at Copthorne, West Sussex, Copthorne Preparatory School (1945–51) and Canford School (1951 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantinists
Byzantine studies is an interdisciplinary branch of the humanities that addresses the History of Byzantine Empire, history, Byzantine culture, culture, demography, Byzantine dress, dress, religion/theology, Byzantine art, art, Byzantine literature, literature/epigraphy, Byzantine music, music, Byzantine science, science, Byzantine economy, economy, Byzantine coinage, coinage and Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy, politics of the Eastern Roman Empire. The discipline's founder in Kingdom of Germany, Germany is considered to be the philologist Hieronymus Wolf (1516–1580), a Renaissance Humanist. He gave the name "Byzantine" to the Eastern Roman Empire that continued after the Western Roman Empire collapsed in 476 AD. About 100 years after the final conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, Wolf began to collect, edit, and translate the writings of Byzantine philosophy, Byzantine philosophers. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfram Brandes
Wolfram may refer to: * Wolfram (name), a Germanic masculine given name and a surname (includes a list of people with the name) * Wolfram (musician), an Austrian DJ * Wolfram (element), the original name for the chemical element best known as tungsten * Wolfram Research, a software company known for the symbolic computation program Mathematica ** Wolfram Language, the programming language used by Mathematica ** Wolfram code, a naming system for one-dimensional cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram * Wolfram syndrome, a genetic disorder * Wolfram, Queensland Wolfram is a former mining town within the Suburbs and localities (Australia), locality of Dimbulah, Queensland, Dimbulah in the Shire of Mareeba in Queensland, Australia, now a ghost town. Geography Wolfram is about west of Cairns, Queens ..., a former mining town in Australia * The ''Wolfram'', a fictional military airship in the air combat video game '' The Sky Crawlers: Innocent Aces'' {{Disamb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
