|
Ruhullah Khan
Ruhullah Khan (d. 1691/1692) was one of the highest-ranking nobles of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. He is known for his tenure as the ''mir bakhshi'' (paymaster-general) of the empire during the latter's rule. He actively participated in Aurangzeb's military campaigns in the Deccan frontier, such as the Siege of Bijapur (1685–1686) and Siege of Golconda (1687). He served as the ''subahdar'' (governor) of Hyderabad Subah, Mughal Hyderabad in the province's nascent stages. Personal life Ruhullah Khan was the son of Khalilullah Khan and Hamida Banu. He was of Iranian descent. His mother was a sister of emperor Aurangzeb's mother, making him well-connected in the Mughal nobility. Ruhullah Khan was a Shia Muslim; Shi'ism was viewed with hostility by the Sunni Aurangzeb and most nobles of the court. Ruhullah Khan had a daughter named Aisha Begum, who was married to the Mughal prince Azim-us-Shan. He also had a son named Mir Hasan, who bore the title ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurangzeb
Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, also called Aurangzeb the Conqueror, was the sixth Mughal emperors, Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707, becoming the second longest-ruling emperor of Hindustan (48 years and 7 months). Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, with territory spanning nearly the entirety of the Indian subcontinent. Aurangzeb and the Mughals belonged to a branch of the Timurid dynasty. He held administrative and military posts under his father Shah Jahan () and gained recognition as an accomplished military commander. Aurangzeb served as the viceroy of the Viceroy of the Deccan, Deccan in 1636–1637 and the governor of Gujarat under Mughal Empire, Gujarat in 1645–1647. He jointly administered the provinces of Subah of Multan, Multan and Sind State, Sindh in 1648–1652 and continued expeditions into the neighboring Safavid Iran, Safavid ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Muslim community, being appointed at the meeting of Saqifa. This contrasts with the Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed Ali ibn Abi Talib () as his successor. Nevertheless, Sunnis revere Ali, along with Abu Bakr, Umar () and Uthman () as ' rightly-guided caliphs'. The term means those who observe the , the practices of Muhammad. The Quran, together with hadith (especially the Six Books) and (scholarly consensus), form the basis of all traditional jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. Sharia legal rulings are derived from these basic sources, in conjunction with consideration of public welfare and juristic discretion, using the principles of jurisprudence developed by the four legal schools: Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Generals
Mughal or Moghul may refer to: Related to the Mughal Empire * Mughal Empire of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries * Mughal dynasty * Mughal emperors * Mughal people, a social group of Central and South Asia * Mughal architecture * Mughlai cuisine ** Mughlai paratha, a street food * Mughal painting * Grand Mughal, exonymous title given to the Mughal emperors * Great Mogul Diamond * '' Empire of the Moghul'', historical fiction novel series by Alex Rutherford ** ''Moghuls'' (TV series) or ''The Empire'', Indian TV series based on the novels Other uses * Moghulistan in Central Asia ** Moghol people * Moghul, Iran, a village * Mughal Khel, a sub-tribe of Yousafzai Pashtuns settled in Ghoriwala, Bannu. * Mirza Mughal (1817–1857), a Mughal prince * Arjumman Mughal, Indian actress * Chaya Mughal, Indian cricketer * Farooq Mughal, American politician from Georgia * Fiyaz Mughal, founder of Tell MAMA * Tehmasp Rustom Mogul, Indian sailor * Mughal Road, road in J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Nobility
The Mongolian nobility ( Mongolian: ; ''yazgurtan''; ''survaljtan'') arose between the 10th and 12th centuries, became prominent in the 13th century, and essentially governed Mongolia until the early 20th century. The Mongolian word for nobility, ''Yazgurtan'', derives from the Mongol word ''yazgur'', meaning "root". Mongol Empire (1206–1368) and Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) Nobility titles * ''Khaan'' (''Khagan'', ), the supreme ruler of the Mongol Empire. * ''Noyon'' (), meaning "King of a State", a ruler of a vassal/tributary state under the Mongol Empire. * ''Jinong'' (), meaning "Crown Prince", the heir apparent of the Great Khaan. During the Yuan dynasty, the ''Jinong'' resided in Kharakhorum and administered ceremonial events. * ''Khan Khuu'' (), meaning "Prince". * '' Mirza'', a Persian term meaning "Prince". Military Ranks * ''Boyan'', the military general to the Khan, given an Ordu to command. * ''Orlok'', commander of an Ordu, a unit of 30,000 or more troops. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qadi
A qadi (; ) is the magistrate or judge of a Sharia court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors, and supervision and auditing of public works. History The term '' was in use from the time of Muhammad during the early history of Islam, and remained the term used for judges throughout Islamic history and the period of the caliphates. While the and played the role in elucidation of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence () and the Islamic law (), the qadi remained the key person ensuring the establishment of justice on the basis of these very laws and rules. Thus, the qadi was chosen from amongst those who had mastered the sciences of jurisprudence and law. The office of qadi continued to be a very important one in every principality of the caliphates and sultanates of the various Muslim empires over the centuries. The rulers appointed a qadi in every region, town, and village for judicial and administrative cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jadunath Sarkar
Sir Jadunath Sarkar, (10 December 1870 – 19 May 1958) was a prominent Indian historian and a specialist on the Mughal dynasty. Sarkar was educated in English literature and worked as a teacher for some time but later shifted his focus to history research writing. He had vast knowledge of Persian language and all his books he wrote in English. He was vice-chancellor (VC) of University of Calcutta from 1926 to 1928 and a member of Bengal Legislative Council between 1929 and 1932. In 1929 the British knighted him. Early life and education Sarkar was born on 10 December 1870 to a kayastha family in the village of Karachmaria in Chhatardighi, Singra, Rajshahi district, Bengal Presidency (now in Natore District, Bangladesh). His father, Rajkumar Sarkar, was a local zamindar and owned a large library. His mother Harisundari Devi had seven sons and three daughters, with Jadunath being the fifth child and third son. In 1891, he graduated in English from Presidency College, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raichur Fort
Raichur Fort is a fortress located on a hilltop in the heart of the Raichur in North Karnataka. The Raichur region ( Raichur Doab) has been ruled by several families; the Kakatiya dynasty, Rashtrakutas, Vijayanagar Empire, Bahmanis and Nizams. History Fortifications have existed since the time of the Chalukyas of Badami ; during the rule of Chalukyas of Kalyani the fort was renovated. The present fort was constructed in 1294 CE during Kakatiya rule. An inscription records that it was built by Raja Vithala by order of Raja Gore Gangaya Raddivaru, minister of Queen Rudramma Devi. The fort was of strategic importance to the Bahmani Sultanate, who significantly expanded the structure. During the rule of Vijayanagara Empire, Krishnadevaraya built the north entrance in celebration of one of his conquests. File:Raichur Fort 3.jpg, Raichur fort File:Iron Cannon On Hill Top Raichur.jpg, Iron Cannon The fort is known for its many inscriptions, in several languages. In Marc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramoshi
The Ramoshi are an Indian community found largely in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka. They are classified as a Backward Community by the government of India. History The Ramoshi in Maharashtra were earlier known as Vedan. They were then classified as a criminal tribe under the Criminal Tribes Acts of the Raj. Culture They belong to the Hindu section while some are Vaishanavas.''People of India: Maharashtra, Volume 3'', Kumar Suresh Singh, B. V. Bhanu, Anthropological Survey of India 2004, References Further reading * ''Precolonial India in Practice'', Cynthia Talbot, Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books ..., 2001, External links Caste & Class Articulation of Andhra Pradesh{{Social groups of Maharashtra Denotified tribes of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, also known as Abul Hasan Tana Shah was the eighth and last ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, sovereign of the Kingdom of Golconda in South India. He ruled from 1672 to 1686. The last Sultan of this Shia Islamic dynasty, Tana Shah is remembered as an inclusive ruler. Instead of appointing only Muslims as ministers, he appointed Brahmin Hindus such as Madanna and Akkanna brothers as ministers in charge of tax collection and exchequer. Towards the end of his reign, one of his Muslim generals defected to the Mughal Empire, who then complained to Aurangzeb about the rising power of the Hindus as ministers in his Golconda Sultanate. Aurangzeb sent a regiment led by his son, who beheaded Tana Shah's Hindu ministers and plundered the Sultanate. In 1687, Aurangzeb ordered an arrest of Tana Shah, who was then imprisoned at the Daulatabad Fort. He died in prison in 1699.Gijs Kruijtzer (2002), ''Madanna, Akkanna and the Brahmin Revolution: A Study of Mentality, Group B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
