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RECADI Affair
The RECADI affair was a political scandal involving the RECADI office of Venezuela and the presidency of Jaime Lusinchi. This office was founded during the presidency of Luis Herrera Campins, and later dissolved during the second presidency of Carlos Andrés Pérez and accused of being part of the largest corruption scandal in the country in the history up to that moment. The chinese businessman Ho Fuk Wing was the only one convicted. Background After devaluation of the bolivar in 1983, the presidency of Jaime Lusinchi created the Office of the Differential Exchange Regime ( RECADI), to distribute preferential dollars for imports, a third cheaper than in the free market. History The judge in charge was Luis Larriva López and in 1989 he issued an arrest warrant against Richard Ames François Gauthier, president in Venezuela of the verification company Societé Général Surveillance (swiss), André Marcel Le Dem, president of Bureau Veritas Bureau Veritas is a French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Scandal
In politics, a political scandal is an action or event regarded as morally or legally wrong and causing general public outrage. Politicians, government officials, Political party, party officials and Lobbying, lobbyists can be accused of various illegal, political corruption, corrupt, unethical or sex scandal, sexual practices. Politicians and officials who are embroiled in scandals are more likely to retire or get lower vote shares. Journalism Scandal sells, and broadsides, pamphlets, newspapers, magazines and the electronic media have covered it in depth. The Muckraker movement in American journalism was a component of the Progressive Era in the U.S. in the early 20th century. Journalists have built their careers on exposure of corruption and political scandal, often acting on behalf of the opposition party. The political ideology of media owners plays a role—they prefer to target the opposition but will reluctantly cover their own side. Journalists have to frame t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RECADI
The Office of Differential Exchange Regime (RECADI) was an currency exchange control system in Venezuela implemented during the government of Luis Herrera Campíns that operated between 28 February 1983 (ten days after Viernes Negro) and 10 February 1989 to regulate the delivery of foreign currency. It was established to administer a system of differential exchange rates and capital controls. History On 15 June 1987, in compliance with Presidential Decree No. 1,544, RECADI ceased its functions; foreign currency purchase and sale operations, still restricted by the government, became directly administered by the Ministry of Finance. The system was dissolved in 1989, when the differential exchange rate system was abolished. On 24 February, an investigation was opened by presidential order against RECADI for alleged financial fraud. RECADI constituted a break in the highlight of Venezuelan corruption, and became a major scandal in 1989 when five former ministers were arrested. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. Venezuela is a presidential republic consisting of States of Venezuela, 23 states, the Venezuelan Capital District, Capital District and Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the north and in the capital. The territory o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidency Of Jaime Lusinchi
Jaime Lusinchi served as President of Venezuela from 1984 to 1989 for Democratic Action. Background The adecos chose Jaime Lusinchi and Caldera once more stood up for his party COPEI. The divided socialists offered Teodoro Petkoff and José Vicente Rangel. Petkoff had broken with the Communist Party and, with the veteran leader Pompeyo Márquez, had founded in 1971 the Movement for Socialism (MAS in Spanish), which was more or less inspired by the Prague Spring The Prague Spring (; ) was a period of liberalization, political liberalization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected Secretary (title), First Secre ..., when Czech communists tried to liberalize their country in 1968. MAS was still Marxist but edging to left of center. Rangel was the son of a general during the Gómez autocracy, but he entered politics in 1958 as a moderate leftist. Rangel denounced the abuses of the adec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidency Of Luis Herrera Campins
Luis Herrera Campins served as President of Venezuela from 1979 to 1984. Prior to his election, he founded the moderately conservative Christian COPEI party. He was succeeded by Jaime Lusinchi. Background In the Republic of Venezuela, presidents and congress were elected in the same election for five-year terms. At the 1978 election, AD fielded the unexciting Luis Piñerúa Ordaz and the COPEI selected Luis Herrera Campins. Some observers believed that Venezuelans were ready to elect a leader who opposed the lavish expenditures of predecessor Carlos Andrés Pérez. Herrera Campins ran on the slogan "''¡Basta!''" ("Enough!") in reference to the spending levels at the time. The adecos were in a no-win situation disillusioned as they were with Pérez and unexcited by Piñerua, and Herrera defeated his Adeco adversary by a vote of 1,133,059 to 1,053,137. Venezuela had demonstrated once again that at the ballot level it was a working democracy. Herrera's cabinet (1979-1984) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Presidency Of Carlos Andrés Pérez
The second presidency of Carlos Andrés Pérez (1988–93) started with an economic crisis, a major riot in which hundreds were killed by security forces (Caracazo, 1989), followed by an economic recovery by also two coup attempts in 1992, and his . He was the first Venezuelan President to be impeached. Background For the 1988 presidential election Democratic Action (AD) President Jaime Lusinchi backed Octavio Lepage as AD candidate, but in a primary election the party chose Carlos Andrés Pérez''Los Angeles Times'', 12 October 1987The World/ref> (previously president from 1974 to 1979). Second presidency cabinet (1989-1993) Domestic policy Economy Carlos Andrés Pérez based his campaign for the 1988 Venezuelan general election in his legacy of abundance during his first presidential period and initially rejected liberalization policies. However, Venezuela's international reserves were only $300 million USD at the time of Pérez' election into the presidency; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El País
(; ) is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain. is based in the capital city of Madrid and it is owned by the Spanish media conglomerate PRISA. It is the second-most circulated daily newspaper in Spain . is the most read newspaper in Spanish online and one of the Madrid dailies considered to be a national newspaper of record for Spain (along with '' El Mundo'' and '' ABC)''. In 2018, its number of daily sales were 138,000. Its headquarters and central editorial staff are located in Madrid, although there are regional offices in the principal Spanish cities (Barcelona, Seville, Valencia, Bilbao, and Santiago de Compostela) where regional editions were produced until 2015. also produces a world edition in Madrid that is available online in English and in Spanish (Latin America). History was founded in May 1976 by a team at PRISA which included Jesus de Polanco, José Ortega Spottorno and Carlos Mendo. The paper was designed by Reinhard Gade and Julio Alonso. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ho Fuk Wing
Ho Fuk Wing, known colloquially as the ''el chinito de RECADI'' (), is a Chinese businessman, naturalized Venezuelan citizen, who was arrested between 1989 and 1992 and sentenced for "fraudulent exploitation" of the RECADI exchange control system. Detention On 28 April 1989, judge Luis Guillermo La Riva López issued an arrest warrant against the Chinese businessmen, naturalized Venezuelan citizens, Ho Fuk Wing and Ho Fuk Shum. On 1 June, Ho Fuk Wing was stopped by a traffic police officer in Valencia when he committed a traffic violation at a traffic light in the urbanization El Trigal. Both were charged with the crime of "fraudulent use" of state money for founding 19 fake import companies between 1984 and 1986 and obtaining dollars at preferential rates from the government. The arrest warrants were part of those issued against five businessmen for false imports into Venezuela as part of the Differential Exchange Regime (RECADI). Ho Fuk Wing was imprisoned for three years bef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viernes Negro
''Viernes Negro'' () in Venezuela refers to Friday, 18 February 1983, when the Venezuelan bolívar was devalued substantially against the US dollar. This event caused a significant destabilization of the currency and the Venezuelan economy. Background When Luis Herrera Campins became President in 1979, he received a "mortgaged Venezuela". Viernes Negro in Venezuela was preceded by events such as the departure of Venezuela from the gold standard, the nationalization of oil, and the beginning of a stage of decreasing public spending compared with State revenue. The situation worsened and was evident with the fall in oil prices that led to oil exports dropping from $19.3 billion in 1981 to around $13.5 billion in 1983 (a decrease of 30%), and the beginning of the Latin American debt crisis. These events produced a flight of capital of almost $8 billion and a corresponding decline in international reserves. President Herrera Campins also created different exchange rates for impor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Tiempo (Colombia)
''El Tiempo'' () is a nationally distributed broadsheet daily newspaper in Colombia launched on January 30, 1911. , ''El Tiempo'' had the highest circulation in Colombia with an average daily weekday of 1,137,483 readers, rising to 1,921,571 readers for the Sunday edition. From 1913 to 2007, ''El Tiempos main shareholders were members of the Santos family. Several also participated in Colombian politics: Eduardo Santos Montejo was President of Colombia from 1938 to 1942. Francisco Santos Calderón served as Vice-President (2002–2010). And Juan Manuel Santos as Defense Minister (2006–2009) during Álvaro Uribe's administration; Juan Manuel was elected president of Colombia in 2010 and served in that position until 2018. In 2007, Spanish Grupo Planeta acquired 55% of the ''Casa Editorial El Tiempo'' media group, including the newspaper and its associated TV channel Citytv Bogotá. In 2012, businessman Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo bought the shares of Planeta, the Santo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Larriva López
Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic in Portugal, but common in Brazil. Origins The Germanic name (and its variants) is usually said to be composed of the words for "fame" () and "warrior" () and hence may be translated to ''famous warrior'' or "famous in battle". According to Dutch onomatologists however, it is more likely that the first stem was , meaning fame, which would give the meaning 'warrior for the gods' (or: 'warrior who captured stability') for the full name.J. van der Schaar, ''Woordenboek van voornamen'' (Prisma Voornamenboek), 4e druk 1990; see also thLodewijs in the Dutch given names database Modern forms of the name are the German name Ludwig and the Dutch form Lodewijk. and the other Iberian forms more closely resemble the French name Louis, a derivati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Veritas
Bureau Veritas is a French company specialized in testing, inspection and certification founded in 1828. It operates in a variety of sectors, including building and infrastructure (27% of revenue), agri-food and commodities (23% of revenue), marine and offshore (7% of revenue), industry (22% of revenue), certification (7% of revenue), consumer products (14% of revenue), and education. Bureau Veritas is present in 140 countries through a network of over 1,500 offices and laboratories, and 79,000 employees. Bureau Veritas generated $6.34 billion in revenue in 2024. Hinda Gharbi has been CEO of Bureau Veritas since June 2023. As of close of trade December 20th 2024, Bureau Veritas is a member of the CAC 40. History 1828: Origins Bureau Veritas was founded in Antwerp, Belgium, in 1828. Originally called the ''Bureau de renseignements pour les assurances maritimes'' (Information Office for Maritime Insurance), its mission was to "establish the truth and expose without apprehensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
