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Quassinoids
Quassinoids are degraded triterpene lactones (similar to limonoids) of the Simaroubaceae plant family grouped into C-18, C-19, C-20, C-22 and C-25 types. The prototypical member of the group, quassin, was first described in the 19th century from plants of the genus ''Quassia'' from which it gets its name. It was isolated in 1937, and its structure elucidated in 1961. Sources More than 200 currently-known quassinoids have been isolated and identified from various species of simaroubaceae family. Quassinoids can also be extracted from various Simaroubaceae family species such as; '' Ailanthus excelsa'', ''Ailanthus vilmoriniana'', (the fruits of) '' Brucea javanica'', '' Hannoa klaineana'', '' Pierreodendron kerstingii'', '' Quassia africana'', '' Quassia amara'', (the wood of ) '' Picrasma ailanthoides'', '' Picrasma javanica'', '' Picrolemma pseudocoffea'', '' Simaba guianensis'', and '' Simaruba glauca''. They are found in species from American and West African genera (belong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quassin
Quassin is a white, bitter, crystalline substance that is the prototypical example of the family of quassinoids. It can be extracted from the quassia tree, from which it gets its name. It was first isolated in 1937, and its chemical structure was elucidated in 1961. It is one of the most bitter substances found in nature, with a bitter threshold of 0.08 ppm and it is 50 times more bitter than quinine.Scientific Committee on FooOpinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on quassin (expressed on 2 July 2002). SCF/CS/FLAV/FLAVOUR/29 Final Extracts of the bitterwood tree (''Quassia amara'') containing quassin are used as additives in soft drinks. Although its skeleton possesses 20 carbon atoms, quassin is not a diterpene but rather a triterpene lactone Lactones are cyclic carboxylic esters. They are derived from the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids by esterification. They can be saturated or unsaturated. Lactones are formed by lactonization, the intramolecular esterifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gutolactone
Gutolactone is a chemical compound extracted from '' Simaba guianensis'' and it has displayed antimalarial properties ''in vitro ''In vitro'' (meaning ''in glass'', or ''in the glass'') Research, studies are performed with Cell (biology), cells or biological molecules outside their normal biological context. Colloquially called "test-tube experiments", these studies in ...''. References Quassinoids Heterocyclic compounds with 5 rings Triols {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurycomanone
Eurycomanone is a chemical compound that has been isolated from ''Eurycoma longifolia'', also known as the longjack plant or tongkat ali. Eurycomanone is distributed throughout the plant, with the highest concentration in leaves. Researchers measured 6.0568 μg/mL in leaves, and only 0.3533 μg/mL in roots. Mechanism of action Eurycomanone is thought to be central to the sex-hormone increasing effects of ''Eurycoma longifolia'' supplementation. In vitro, eurycomanone has been shown to enhance testosterone steroidogenesis through its inhibitory effects on aromatase, presumably causing testosterone production to increase to restore downstream estrogen homeostasis. As of November 2022, there are no studies investigating the effects of isolated Eurycomanone in human subjects. However, studies investigating the effects supplementation with ''Eurycoma longifolia'' in human subjects have observed increases in free and total testosterone, with some studies showing increases or no chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quassia Amara
''Quassia amara'', also known as amargo, bitter-ash, bitterwood, or hombre grande (spanish language, spanish for ''big man'') is a species in the genus ''Quassia'', with some botanists treating it as the sole species in the genus. The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus who named it after the first botanist to describe it: the Surinamese freedman Graman Quassi. ''Q. amara'' is used as insecticide, in traditional medicine and as additive in the food industry. Name, image, harvested organ ''Quassia'' (genus) ''amara'' (species) is an attractive small evergreen shrub or tree from the tropics and belongs to the family ''Simaroubaceae''. ''Q. amara'' was named after Graman Quassi, a healer and botanist who showed Europeans the plant's fever treating uses. The name "amara" means "bitter" in Latin and describes its very bitter taste. ''Q. amara'' contains more than thirty phytochemicals with biological activities in its tissues including the very bitter compound Quassinoid, quassin. There ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruceolide
Bruceolide is a quassinoid that has been isolated from ''Bischofia javanica''. Synthetic derivatives have shown ''in vitro ''In vitro'' (meaning ''in glass'', or ''in the glass'') Research, studies are performed with Cell (biology), cells or biological molecules outside their normal biological context. Colloquially called "test-tube experiments", these studies in ...'' antimalarial activity. References Quassinoids Heterocyclic compounds with 5 rings {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruceanol
Bruceanol A-H Bruceanols are quassinoids isolated from ''Brucea antidysenterica''. Bruceanols * Bruceanol A * Bruceanol B * Bruceanol C * Bruceanol D * Bruceanol E * Bruceanol F * Bruceanol G Bruceanol G is a cytotoxic quassinoid isolated from ''Brucea antidysenterica ''Brucea'' is a genus of plant in the family Simaroubaceae. It is named for the Scottish scholar and explorer James Bruce. , Plants of the World Online accepts the f ... * Bruceanol H References Quassinoids {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antimalarial
Antimalarial medications or simply antimalarials are a type of antiparasitic chemical agent, often naturally derived, that can be used to treat or to prevent malaria, in the latter case, most often aiming at two susceptible target groups, young children and pregnant women. As of 2018, modern treatments, including for severe malaria, continued to depend on therapies deriving historically from quinine and artesunate, both parenteral (injectable) drugs, expanding from there into the many classes of available modern drugs. Incidence and distribution of the disease ("malaria burden") is expected to remain high, globally, for many years to come; moreover, known antimalarial drugs have repeatedly been observed to elicit resistance in the malaria parasite—including for combination therapies featuring artemisinin, a drug of last resort, where resistance has now been observed in Southeast Asia. As such, the needs for new antimalarial agents and new strategies of treatment (e.g., new c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
