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Petronas E01 Engine
The Proton E01 engine, formerly known as the Petronas E01 engine, was an automobile gasoline engine by the Malaysian carmaker, Proton. Originally developed by the Malaysian oil company Petronas in 1997, the engine patents were acquired by Proton in 2012. The engine was planned to be reworked in order to meet the upcoming Euro 6C, as the original engine was designed for Euro 2 standard. The E01 engine was meant to become one of the upcoming seven engines being developed by Proton as successors of the CamPro engine family, which was expected to be ready in 2017, although to this day is not yet finished. Technical specifications The E01 engine is a 2-litre DOHC 16-valve engine featuring gasoline direct injection, aluminum block and continuous variable valve timing system. The engine is capable to produce of power at 7,300 rpm and of torque at 5,300 rpm. The E01 engine can be installed 15 degrees tilting forward or backward of the engine compartment. Besides the initial 2-litre engi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasoline Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as Autogas, liquefied petroleum gas and Common ethanol fuel mixtures, ethanol blends (such as ''E10 petrol, E10'' and ''Common ethanol fuel mixtures#E85, E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use Spark-ignition engine, spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus Otto, Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauber Petronas Engineering
Sauber Petronas Engineering AG (SPE) was a company owned jointly by the Swiss racing car manufacturer Sauber (60%) and the Malaysian oil company Petronas (40%). It was founded in 1996 for the purpose of supplying engines to the Sauber Formula One team but at the same time the company began work on the design of production car engines for the Malaysian national car company Proton. The company also helped develop racing motorcycles like Petronas GP1. Former Honda and Ferrari engineer Osamu Goto was in charge of the Powertrain Division, including the F1 engine program. The engines were for many years nearly identical to the ones used by Ferrari but were branded Petronas. Sauber licensed nearly every legally licensable part from Ferrari and even had several Ferrari engineers on staff. Many pointed out suspicious similarities between Ferrari and Sauber chassis, but no formal accusations were ever made, even if FIA rules require each team to design their own chassis. The long-ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proton Gen-2
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol , H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 ''e'' (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and approximately times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with a mass of approximately one dalton, are jointly referred to as ''nucleons'' (particles present in atomic nuclei). One or more protons are present in the nucleus of every atom. They provide the attractive electrostatic central force which binds the atomic electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element, and is referred to as the atomic number (represented by the symbol ''Z''). Since each element is identified by the number of protons in its nucleus, each element has its own atomic number, which determines the number of atomic electrons and consequently the chemical characteristics of the element. The word ''proton'' is Greek for "first", and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbocharger
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement. Turbochargers are distinguished from superchargers in that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases, whereas a is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger. History Prior to the inv ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Normally-aspirated
A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a turbocharger or a supercharger. Description In a naturally aspirated engine, air for combustion (Diesel cycle in a diesel engine or specific types of Otto cycle in petrol engines, namely petrol direct injection) or an air/fuel mixture (traditional Otto cycle petrol engines), is drawn into the engine's cylinders by atmospheric pressure acting against a partial vacuum that occurs as the piston travels downwards toward bottom dead centre during the intake stroke. Owing to innate restriction in the engine's inlet tract, which includes the intake manifold, a small pressure drop occurs as air is drawn in, resulting in a volumetric efficiency of less than 100 percent—and a less than complete air charge in the cylinder. The density of the air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanjing Automobile
Nanjing Automobile is a state-owned enterprise with a history that dates from 1947,Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation businessweek.com making it the oldest of the Chinese sRover sold to Nanjing Automobile bbc.com, Saturday, 23 July 2005, 09:36 GMT although the comparatively younger [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proton Waja
The Proton Waja is a saloon car manufactured by Malaysian automotive company, Proton, it was launched in May 2000 by fourth Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. The name ''Waja'', which means ''(strong as) steel'' in Malay has both physical and abstract connotations. In the United Kingdom, it was sold as the Proton Impian, in which ''Impian'' was another derivative of the Malay language, meaning ''dream''. The Proton Waja was heralded as the first indigenously-designed Malaysian car upon its debut. However, it was later revealed that the Waja's chassis is a modified adaptation of the Mitsubishi Carisma / Volvo S40 platform. Furthermore, early Waja models were powered by Mitsubishi and Renault engines, as the development of Proton's own Campro engine did not complete in time for the Waja's launch frame. Over 292,556 Proton Wajas were sold between 2000 and 2012. Waja variants powered by the 1.6 litre Mitsubishi 4G18 engine made up for the bulk of total sales, followed by the 1.6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proton Satria
The Proton Satria is a hatchback automobile produced by Malaysian manufacturer Proton from 1994 to 2005 in the first generation model and from 2006 to 2015 in the Satria Replacement Model (SRM), known as the Proton Satria Neo. The name ''Satria'' which means ''knight'' in Sanskrit was chosen for Proton's 3-door hatchback to reflect the sportiness of the car. Satria (C96, C97, C98, C99; 1994–2006) The first generation Proton Satria, also marketed as the Proton Compact in the United Kingdom, and the Proton 300 Series in various continental European markets is a 3-door hatchback based on the fourth generation Mitsubishi Mirage / Colt. It was unveiled on 24 November 1994 as the result of a joint venture between Proton and Diversified Resources Bhd. (DRB), and was first imported to Europe during 1995. The Proton Satria was produced at Automotive Manufacturers Malaysia's (AMM) plant in Pekan, Pahang and was initially distributed by Usahasama Proton-DRB (USPD), a company in wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proton Putra
The Proton Putra ( Malay, "son" or "prince") is a front wheel drive Sports coupe produced by Malaysian automobile company Proton. Production of the Putra started in late 1996 and ended in 2001, but was briefly relaunched in limited numbers in 2004 for the domestic market. The reasoning for the relaunch is the clearing of the remaining stocks available at the factory. Specifications Engine The Putra's power-plant is derived from a Mitsubishi 4G93P DOHC engine, with the P representing Proton. Export market In the United Kingdom and Australia, the Putra was sold as the Proton Coupé or Proton M21, but sales were not strong as it was considered very bland looking and being aesthetically similar to the older 1992-1995 Lancer series 5 or Mitsubishi Lancer CC as known to Australians. Additionally, it was considered dull to drive compared to more adventurous competitors like the Ford Puma and Vauxhall Tigra. Design Based on Mitsubishi's Fourth generation Mirage Asti Lancer, the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proton Perdana (first Generation)
The first generation Proton Perdana is a four-door mid-size family saloon manufactured by Malaysian automobile producer Proton which launched on 26 January 1995. It is a badge engineered seventh generation Mitsubishi Eterna, developed as the result of a collaboration between Proton and Mitsubishi Motors. About 80,000 first generation Proton Perdanas were sold between 1995 and 2013. ''Perdana'' is the Malay word for ''Prime''. History Proton Perdana (1995–1998) The Malaysian economy grew at an average of 8% each year between the late 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. Proton identified the need for a larger, more luxurious D-segment car after the launch of the B-segment Proton Saga and C-segment Proton Wira in 1985 and 1993 respectively. When it launched on 26 January 1995, the Proton Perdana became Malaysia's first car to compete against the Toyota Camry, Honda Accord and Nissan Cefiro. The Perdana was the third car developed under Proton's extensive collaborat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lotus Elise
The Lotus Elise is a sports car conceived in early 1994 and released in September 1996 by the British manufacturer Lotus Cars. A two-seater Roadster (automobile), roadster with a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the Elise has a fibreglass body shell atop its bonded extruded aluminium chassis that provides a rigid platform for the suspension, while keeping weight and production costs to a minimum. The Elise was named after Elisa Artioli, the granddaughter of Romano Artioli who was chairman of Lotus and Bugatti#Bugatti Automobili S.p.A., Bugatti at the time of the car's launch. Production of the Elise, Lotus Exige, Exige and Lotus Evora, Evora ended in 2021. It was replaced by the Lotus Emira. Series 1 The 1996 Lotus Elise weighed . Because of this low weight, it was able to accelerate in 5.8 seconds despite its relatively low power output of . Braking and fuel consumption are also improved by the car's reduced weight. Cornering is helped by a low centre of gravity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sauber
Sauber Motorsport AG, currently competing in Formula One as Stake F1 Team Kick Sauber, and also known simply as Kick Sauber or Sauber, is a Swiss motorsport engineering company. It was founded in 1970 (as PP Sauber AG) by Peter Sauber, who progressed through hillclimbing and the World Sportscar Championship to reach Formula One in . Sauber operated under their own name from until and from until . They were known as BMW in Formula One#BMW Sauber, BMW Sauber from to and as Alfa Romeo in Formula One, Alfa Romeo from to in partnership deals with BMW and Alfa Romeo, respectively. Sauber returned in as Stake F1 Team Kick Sauber, and is set to be the Audi in Formula One, Audi works team from onwards, with the German outfit planning to acquire the Swiss team. Having not won a Grand Prix as an independent, the team was rebranded to BMW Sauber in 2006 and competed as BMW Sauber from 2006 to 2009, finishing second in 2007 and third in 2008 in the Constructors' Championship, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
