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Oxynoe Panamensis
''Oxynoe panamensis'' is a species of small sea snail or sea slug, a bubble snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Oxynoidae. Distribution ''Oxynoe panamensis'' is found in mangrove swamps along the Baja California peninsula and Mexico coasts.Lewin R. A. (1970). "Toxin secretion and tail autotomy by irritated ''Oxynoe panamensis'' (Opisthobranchiata: Sacoglossa)". ''Pacific Science'' 24: 356-358PDF/ref> The type locality for this species is Bocas Islands, Panama.Jensen K. R. (November 2007)"Biogeography of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia)". ''Bonner zoologische Beiträge'' 55(2006)(3-4): 255–281. Life habits This species feeds on '' Caulerpa sertularioides'', a green siphonaceous algae. When irritated, ''Oxynoe panamensis'' excretes a potent, milky toxin from its skin. There is known autotomy Autotomy (from the Greek ''auto-'', "self-" and ''tome'', "severing", αὐτοτομία) or self-amputation, is the behaviour whereby an animal sheds or disca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Augustus Pilsbry
Henry Augustus Pilsbry (7 December 1862 – 26 October 1957) was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a century. For much of his career, his authority with respect to the classification of certain substantial groups of organisms was unchallenged: barnacles, chitons, North American terrestrial mollusks, and others. Biography Pilsbry (frequently misspelled ''Pilsbury'') spent his childhood and youth in Iowa. He was called "Harry" Pilsbry then, and developed an early fascination with the limited variety of mollusks he was able to find. He attended the University of Iowa, and received the Bachelor of Science degree there in 1882, but did not immediately find employment in his field of interest. Instead, Henry Pilsbry worked for publishing firms and newspapers for the next several years, but devoted most of his spare time to the study of mollusks. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring organic poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. Toxins occur especially as a protein or conjugated protein. The term toxin was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919) and is derived from the word toxic. Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. Toxins vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin). Toxins are largely secondary metabolites, which are organic compounds that are not directly involved in an organism's growth, development, or reproduction, instead often aiding it in matters of defense. Terminology Toxins are often distinguished from other chemical agents strictly based on their biological origin. Les ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algae
Algae ( , ; : alga ) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms. The name is an informal term for a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular microalgae, such as '' Chlorella'', '' Prototheca'' and the diatoms, to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelp, a large brown alga which may grow up to in length. Most are aquatic and lack many of the distinct cell and tissue types, such as stomata, xylem and phloem that are found in land plants. The largest and most complex marine algae are called seaweeds, while the most complex freshwater forms are the '' Charophyta'', a division of green algae which includes, for example, '' Spirogyra'' and stoneworts. Algae that are carried by water are plankton, specifically phytoplankton. Algae constitute a polyphyletic group since they do not include a common ancestor, and although their plastids seem to have a single ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caulerpa Sertularioides
''Caulerpa sertularioides'', also known as green feather algae, is a species of seaweed in the '' Caulerpaceae'' family found in warm water environments. Description The seaweed has a pale to dark-green thallus that typically grows to outward to around . It has feather-like fronds that arise from a common stolon. Each of the fronds is upright and branched. The oppositely arranged branchlets are cylindrical to needle-shaped with upcurved tips with a blunt point at the end. Each branchlet has a length of and is attached to a cylindrical axis in the middle with a diameter of . Each axis connects each frond to a creeping stolon with a diameter of and a length of up to . Stolons are branched out to slim points and rhizoids then form from bottom surface these fork and penetrate the sandy substrate firmly anchoring the seaweed to the seafloor. Taxonomy The species was first formally described by the botanist and taxonomist Marshall Avery Howe in 1905 as part of the work ''Phycol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonner Zoologische Beiträge
The ''Bonn Zoological Bulletin'' (''BzB''), formerly ''Bonner zoologische Beiträge'', is a peer reviewed open access journal dealing with zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and .... References External links * Zoology journals {{zoo-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panama
Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Its capital and largest city is Panama City, whose metropolitan area is home to nearly half the country's million people. Panama was inhabited by indigenous tribes before Spanish colonists arrived in the 16th century. It broke away from Spain in 1821 and joined the Republic of Gran Colombia, a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela. After Gran Colombia dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada eventually became the Republic of Colombia. With the backing of the United States, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, allowing the construction of the Panama Canal to be completed by the United States Army Corps of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bocas Islands
This is a list of islands of Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad and Tobago is an archipelagic republic in the southern Caribbean. Major islands * Trinidad * Tobago Bocas Islands The Bocas Islands lie between Trinidad and Venezuela, in the Bocas del Dragón (Dragons' Mouth). Locally they are referred to as "Down de Islands" or "DDI". * Chacachacare * Monos * Huevos * Gaspar Grande (Gasparee) * Gasparillo Island (Little Gasparee or Centipede Island) Five Islands The Five Islands are actually a group of six small islands lying west of Port of Spain in the Gulf of Paria. Also known as Las Cotorras. * Caledonia Island * Craig Island (Craig and Caledonia are joined by a man made causeway) * Lenagan Island * Nelson Island * Pelican Island * Rock Island San Diego Islands Sometimes referred to simply as the Diego Islands, these two islets lie between the Bocas Islands and the Five Islands. * Cronstadt (Kronstadt) * Carrera (a prison island) Others in the Gulf of Par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Locality (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific Science
''Pacific Science'' is a quarterly multidisciplinary peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific basin, focusing especially on biogeography, ecology, evolution, geology and volcanology, oceanography, palaeontology, and systematics. It is published by the University of Hawaii Press and was established in 1947. It is the official journal of the Pacific Science Association. The founding editor-in-chief was A. Grove Day. Leonard D. Tuthill served as editor of vols. 2-7 (1948–1953); William A. Gosline edited vols. 8-10 (1954–1956) and vols. 22-25 (1968–1971); and O. A. Bushnell edited vols. 11-21 (1957–1967). The longest-serving editor was E. Alison Kay, who edited vols. 26-54 (1972–2000), stepping down only after she retired. Gerald D. Carr edited vols. 55-58 (2001–2004) and from vol. 59 (2005) was succeeded by Curtis C. Daehler. All editors have been faculty of the University of Hawaii. The journal's first electronic ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexico
Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Mexico covers ,Mexico '' The World Factbook''. . making it the world's 13th-largest country by area; with approximately 12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mangrove
A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evolution in several plant families. They occur worldwide in the tropics and subtropics and even some temperate coastal areas, mainly between latitudes 30° N and 30° S, with the greatest mangrove area within 5° of the equator. Mangrove plant families first appeared during the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene epochs, and became widely distributed in part due to the movement of tectonic plates. The oldest known fossils of mangrove palm date to 75 million years ago. Mangroves are salt-tolerant trees, also called halophytes, and are adapted to live in harsh coastal conditions. They contain a complex salt filtration system and a complex root system to cope with saltwater immersion and wave action. They are adapted to the low-oxygen conditions of w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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