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Oglala
The Oglala (pronounced , meaning 'to scatter one's own' in Lakota) are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who, along with the Dakota, make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires). A majority of the Oglala live on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota, the eighth-largest Native American reservation in the United States. The Oglala are a federally recognized tribe whose official title is the called the Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota. History Oglala elders relate stories about the origin of the name "Oglala" and their emergence as a distinct group, probably sometime in the 18th century. Conflict with the European settlers In the early 19th century, Europeans and American passed through Lakota territory in increasing numbers. They sought furs, especially beaver fur at first, and later bison fur. The fur trade changed the Oglala economy and way of life. In 1868, the United States and the Great Sioux Nation sig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation (), also called Pine Ridge Agency, is an Oglala Lakota Indian reservation located in the U.S. state of South Dakota, with a small portion extending into Nebraska. Originally included within the territory of the Great Sioux Reservation, Pine Ridge was created by the Act of March 2, 1889, 25 Stat. 888. in the southwest corner of South Dakota on the Nebraska border. It consists of of land area and is one of the largest reservations in the United States. The reservation encompasses the entirety of Oglala Lakota County and Bennett County, South Dakota, Bennett County, the southern half of Jackson County, South Dakota, Jackson County, and a small section of Sheridan County, Nebraska, Sheridan County added by Executive Order No. 2980 of February 20, 1904. Of the 3,142 counties in the United States, these are among Lowest-income counties in the United States, the poorest. Only of land are suitable for agriculture. The United States Census, 2000, 2000 c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sioux
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin ( ; Dakota/ Lakota: ) are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations people from the Great Plains of North America. The Sioux have two major linguistic divisions: the Dakota and Lakota peoples (translation: referring to the alliances between the bands). Collectively, they are the , or . The term ''Sioux'', an exonym from a French transcription () of the Ojibwe term , can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or to any of the nation's many language dialects. Before the 17th century, the Santee Dakota (: , also known as the Eastern Dakota) lived around Lake Superior with territories in present-day northern Minnesota and Wisconsin. They gathered wild rice, hunted woodland animals, and used canoes to fish. Wars with the Ojibwe throughout the 18th century pushed the Dakota west into southern Minnesota, where the Western Dakota (Yankton, Yanktonai) and Lakota (Teton) lived. In the 19th century, the Dakota signed land cess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Sioux Nation
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin ( ; Dakota/Lakota: ) are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations people from the Great Plains of North America. The Sioux have two major linguistic divisions: the Dakota and Lakota peoples (translation: referring to the alliances between the bands). Collectively, they are the , or . The term ''Sioux'', an exonym from a French transcription () of the Ojibwe term , can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or to any of the nation's many language dialects. Before the 17th century, the Santee Dakota (: , also known as the Eastern Dakota) lived around Lake Superior with territories in present-day northern Minnesota and Wisconsin. They gathered wild rice, hunted woodland animals, and used canoes to fish. Wars with the Ojibwe throughout the 18th century pushed the Dakota west into southern Minnesota, where the Western Dakota (Yankton, Yanktonai) and Lakota (Teton) lived. In the 19th century, the Dakota signed land cessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota People
The Lakota (; or ) are a Native Americans in the United States, Native American people. Also known as the Teton Sioux (from ), they are one of the three prominent subcultures of the Sioux people, with the Eastern Dakota (Santee) and Western Dakota (). Their current lands are in North Dakota, North and South Dakota. They speak — the Lakota language, the westernmost of three closely related languages that belong to the Siouan languages, Siouan language family. The seven bands or "sub-tribes" of the Lakota are: * (, Burned Thighs) * ("They Scatter Their Own") * (, Without Bows) * (Hunkpapa, "End Village", Camps at the End of the Camp Circle) * (Miniconjou, "Plant Near Water", Planters by the Water) * ("Blackfeet" or "Blackfoot") * (Two Kettles) Notable Lakota persons include (Sitting Bull) from the , (Touch the Clouds) from the Miniconjou; (Black Elk), (Red Cloud), and (Billy Mills), all ; (Crazy Horse) from the and Miniconjou, and (Spotted Tail) from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Big Road
Big Road (c. 1834 – 1897) was a Oglala warrior and artist of the Oyuhpe Band. Also called Čanku Tanka or Wide Trail, Big Road fought in the Fetterman Fight of Red Cloud's War and the Battle of the Little Bighorn. His artwork is in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution. In May 1877, he surrendered with Crazy Horse. In October 1877, he was part of a delegation to Washington, D.C. Big Road fled to Canada after Crazy Horse was killed, returning to Pine Ridge Reservation around 1881. In 1891 he again traveled with several others to Washington. Illustrated roster In 1883, Chief Big Road was required to submit an account of his followers to U.S. Indian agent Major McLaughlin. His illustrated roster of clan members, published in the Bureau of American Ethnology The Bureau of American Ethnology (or BAE, originally, Bureau of Ethnology) was established in 1879 by an act of Congress for the purpose of transferring archives, records and materials relating to the Indians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanny Kelly
Fanny Kelly (c. 1845–1904) was a North American pioneer woman captured by the Sioux and freed five months later. She later wrote a book about her experiences called ''Narrative of My Captivity among the Sioux Indians'' in 1871. Early life Fanny Wiggins was born in Orillia in Canada West in about 1845. In 1856, her parents, James and Margaret Wiggins, relocated their family to the new town of Geneva in the soon-to-be state of Kansas. Along the way, her father died of cholera, leaving the family to settle in Geneva on their own. In 1863, Fanny married Josiah S. Kelly, also of Geneva, a farmer and discharged Union soldier at least fifteen years her senior. Josiah hoped that a change of climate would aid his failing health, so he, Fanny, and her seven-year-old niece and adopted daughter, Mary Hurley set out on May 17, 1864 for the region that is now Idaho or Montana. With them were two black servants, Franklin and Andy, and the Kellys' twenty-eight-year-old neighbor, Gardner Wakefi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Fort Laramie (1868)
The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also the Sioux Treaty of 1868) is an agreement between the United States and the Oglala Lakota, Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation, following the failure of the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851), first Fort Laramie treaty, signed in 1851. The treaty is divided into 17 articles. It established the Great Sioux Reservation including ownership of the Black Hills, and set aside additional lands as "unceded Indian territory" in the areas of South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, and possibly Montana. It established that the US government would hold authority to punish not only white settlers who committed crimes against the tribes but also tribe members who committed crimes and were to be delivered to the government, rather than to face charges in tribal courts. It stipulated that the government would abandon forts along the Bozeman Trail and included a number of provisions designed to encourage a transition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota Language
Lakota ( ), also referred to as Lakhota, Teton or Teton Sioux, is a Siouan languages, Siouan language spoken by the Lakota people of the Sioux tribes. Lakota is mutually intelligible with the two dialects of the Dakota language, especially Dakota language#Comparison of the dialects, Western Dakota, and is one of the three major variety (linguistics), varieties of the Sioux language. Speakers of the Lakota language make up one of the largest Native American language speech communities in the United States, with approximately 2,000 speakers, who live mostly in the northern plains states of North Dakota and South Dakota. Many communities have immersion programs for both children and adults. Like many indigenous languages, the Lakota language did not have a written form traditionally. However, efforts to develop a written form of Lakota began, primarily through the work of Christian missionaries and linguists, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The orthography has since evol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sun Dance
The Sun Dance is a ceremony practiced by some Native Americans in the United States and Indigenous peoples in Canada, primarily those of the Plains Indians, Plains cultures, as well as a new movement within Native American religions. Members of otherwise independent bands gather to reaffirm beliefs about the world and the supernatural through rituals of personal and community sacrifice. Typically, young men would dance semi-continuously for several days and nights without eating or drinking; in some cultures Mortification_of_the_flesh#Indigenous_practices_and_shamanism, self-mortification is/was also practiced. After European colonization of the Americas, and with the formation of the Canada, Canadian and United States governments, both countries passed laws intended to suppress Indigenous cultures and force assimilation to Christianity and majority-Anglo-Americans, Anglo-American culture. The Sun Dance was one of the prohibited ceremonies, as was the potlatch of the Pacific No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Cloud Agency
The Red Cloud Agency was an Indian agency for the Oglala Lakota as well as the Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho, from 1871 to 1878. It was located at three different sites in Wyoming Territory and Nebraska before being moved to South Dakota. It was then renamed the Pine Ridge Reservation. Red Cloud Agency No. 1 (1871-1873) As stipulated in the Fort Laramie Treaty (1868), the US government built Indian agencies for the various Lakota and other Plains tribes. These were forerunners to the modern Indian reservations. In 1871, the Red Cloud Agency was established on the North Platte River near Fort Laramie. Two year later it was moved to an eastern corner of Nebraska, then two years later to South Dakota. Red Cloud Agency No. 2 (1873-1877) In August 1873, the agency was moved to the northwestern corner of Nebraska, near the present town of Crawford. Constructed on a hill overlooking the White River, the agency buildings included a large warehouse, offices, home for the ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States List of United States federal agencies, federal agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior, Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing Federal law (United States), federal laws and policies related to Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans and Alaska Natives, and administering and managing over of Indian reservation, reservations Trust law, held in trust by the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government for List of federally recognized tribes, indigenous tribes. It renders services to roughly 2 million indigenous Americans across 574 federally recognized tribes. The BIA is governed by a director and overseen by the assistant secretary for Indian affairs, who answers to the United States Secretary of the Interior, secretary of the interior. The BIA works with Tribal sovereignty in the United States, tribal governments to h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
