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Lycopodielloideae
Lycopodielloideae is a subfamily in the family Lycopodiaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). It is equivalent to a broad circumscription of the genus '' Lycopodiella'' in other classifications. Like all lycophytes, members of the Lycopodielloideae are vascular plants that reproduce by spores. Description The sporophytes of Lycopodielloideae species are relatively short herbaceous plants. They have stems with pseudomonopodial branching in which unequal binary branching produces the appearance of a main stem with secondary side branches. The main stems are indeterminate and of various forms, including rhizomatous, creeping and upright. The branches are usually determinate (i.e. of limited growth and extension). Sporangia are borne at the bases or in the axils of special spore-bearing leaves (sporophylls), which are notably different from the normal leaves, and are grouped into compact terminal structures (strobili). The strobili may be either upr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 16 accepted genera and about 400 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw. Description Members of Lycopodiaceae are not spermatophytes and so do not produce seeds. Instead they produce spores, which are oily and flammable, and are the most economically important aspects of these plants. The spores are of one size (i.e. the plants are isosporous) and are borne on a specialized structure at the apex of a shoot called a strobilus (plural: strobili), which resembles a tiny battle club, from which the common name derives. Members of the family share the common feature of having a microphyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodiella
''Lycopodiella'' is a genus in the clubmoss family Lycopodiaceae. The genus members are commonly called bog clubmosses, describing their wetland habitat. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centers of diversity in the tropical New World and New Guinea. In the past, the genus was often incorporated within the related genus ''Lycopodium'', but was segregated in 1964. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), ''Lycopodiella'' is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae, along with three other genera. In this circumscription, the genus has about 15 species. Other sources use a wider circumscription, in which the genus is equivalent to the Lycopodielloideae of PPG I, in which case about 40 species and hybrids are accepted. Description ''Lycopodiella'' are non-flowering plants. They have leafy rhizomes that grow along the ground and vertical, leafy shoots, also known as peduncles. Fertile peduncles have strobili at the top of the shoot. Individ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodioideae
''Lycopodioideae'' is a subfamily in the family Lycopodiaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). It is equivalent to a broad circumscription of the genus ''Lycopodium'' in other classifications. Like all lycophytes, members of the Lycopodioideae reproduce by spores. The oldest fossils of modern members of the family date to the Early Cretaceous. Description The sporophytes of Lycopodioideae species are relatively short herbaceous plants. They have stems with pseudomonopodial branching in which unequal binary branching produces the appearance of a main stem with secondary side branches. The main stems are indeterminate and of various forms, including rhizomatous, creeping, trailing and climbing. They usually form roots at intervals along their length. The branches are usually determinate (i.e. of limited growth and extension). Sporangia are borne at the bases or in the axils of special spore-bearing leaves (sporophylls), which are notably different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional). PPG I A first classification, PPG I, was produced in 2016, covering only extant (living) pteridophytes. The classification was rank-based, using the ranks of class, subclass, order, suborder, family, subfamily and genus. Phylogeny The classification was based on a consensus phylogeny, shown below to the level of order. The very large order Polypodiales was divided into two suborders, as well as families not placed in a suborder: Classification to subfamily level To the level of subfamily, the PPG I classification is as follows. *Class Lycopo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palhinhaea Cernua
''Palhinhaea'' is a genus of Lycopodiopsida, lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into ''Lycopodiella''. ''Palhinhaea'' species are widespread in the tropics and subtropics. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *''Palhinhaea bradei'' (Nessel) Holub *''Palhinhaea brevibracteata'' (Alderw.) Holub *''Palhinhaea camporum'' (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) Holub *''Palhinhaea cernua'' (L.) Vasc. & Franco *''Palhinhaea cerrojefensis'' B.Øllg. *''Palhinhaea crassifolia'' (Spring) Fraser-Jenk. & Kholia *''Palhinhaea curvata'' (Sw.) Holub *''Palhinhaea descendens'' (B.Øllg.) Holub *''Palhinhaea divaricata'' B.Øllg. *''Palhinhaea eichleri'' (Fée) Holub *''Palhinhaea glaucescens'' (C.Presl) Holub *''Palhinhaea hainanensis'' C.Y.Yang *''Palhinhaea lehmannii'' (Hiero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palhinhaea
''Palhinhaea'' is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into ''Lycopodiella''. ''Palhinhaea'' species are widespread in the tropics and subtropics. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *''Palhinhaea bradei'' (Nessel) Holub *''Palhinhaea brevibracteata'' (Alderw.) Holub *'' Palhinhaea camporum'' (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) Holub *''Palhinhaea cernua'' (L.) Vasc. & Franco *'' Palhinhaea cerrojefensis'' B.Øllg. *'' Palhinhaea crassifolia'' (Spring) Fraser-Jenk. & Kholia *''Palhinhaea curvata'' (Sw.) Holub *''Palhinhaea descendens'' (B.Øllg.) Holub *''Palhinhaea divaricata'' B.Øllg. *''Palhinhaea eichleri'' (Fée) Holub *''Palhinhaea glaucescens'' (C.Presl) Holub *''Palhinhaea hainanensis'' C.Y.Yang *''Palhinhaea lehmannii'' (Hieron.) Holub *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lateristachys
''Lateristachys'' is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into '' Lycopodiella''. ''Lateristachys'' species are native to the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized three species: *''Lateristachys diffusa'' (R.Br.) Holub *'' Lateristachys halconensis'' (Copel.) Holub *''Lateristachys lateralis ''Lateristachys lateralis'', synonym ''Lycopodiella lateralis'', commonly known as slender club moss, is a species of club moss native to eastern Australia and New Zealand. It grows in wet bog A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates ...'' (R.Br.) Holub References Lycopodiaceae Lycophyte genera {{Lycophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodiella Inundata
''Lycopodiella inundata'' is a species of club moss known by the common names inundated club moss, marsh clubmoss and northern bog club moss. It has a circumpolar and circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout the northern Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic to montane temperate regions in Eurasia and North America. It grows in wet habitat, such as bogs, ponds, moist spots on the tundra, and long-standing borrow pits. Description It is a small plant forming patches on the ground, its leafy sterile stems branching and lying horizontal along the ground, rooting at intervals. The sporing cone-bearing stems stand erect in July and August, a few centimeters tall. The leaves are curving, green, narrow, and sharply pointed, measuring a few millimeters long. Distribution and habitat This club moss is an arctic-alpine species with a circumpolar boreal and montane distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. It mostly occurs in Europe, but is also present in East Asia and North America. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. History The theoretical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudolycopodiella Caroliniana
''Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana'', known as slender bog club-moss, is a species of lycophyte in the family Lycopodiaceae. The genus '' Pseudolycopodiella'' is accepted in the ''Flora of North America'' and the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relation ... classification of 2016 (PPG I), but not in other classifications, which submerge the genus in '' Lycopodiella''. The species has a discontinuous distribution, being native to the eastern United States (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas and Virginia) and to parts of eastern Asia (Sri Lanka, Southeast China, Peninsula Malaysia and Japan). References Lycopodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lateristachys Lateralis
''Lateristachys lateralis'', synonym ''Lycopodiella lateralis'', commonly known as slender club moss, is a species of club moss native to eastern Australia and New Zealand. It grows in wet bog A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates peat as a deposit of dead plant materials often mosses, typically sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, mosses, quagmire, and muskeg; a ...gy habitat. References Lycopodiaceae Flora of New Zealand Flora of New South Wales Flora of South Australia Flora of Tasmania {{Lycophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sensu
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage. Common qualifiers ''Sensu'' is the ablative case of the noun ''sensus'', here meaning "sense". It is often accompanied by an adjective (in the same case). Three such phrases are: *''sensu stricto'' – "in the strict sense", abbreviation ''s.s.'' or ''s.str.''; *''sensu lato'' – "in the broad sense", abbreviation ''s.l.''; *''sensu amplo'' – "in a relaxed, generous (or 'ample') sense", a similar meaning to ''sensu lato''. Søren Kierkegaard uses the phrase ''sensu eminenti'' to mean "in the pre-eminent r most important or significantsense". When appropriate, comparative and superlative adjectives may also be used to convey the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
