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Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw. Description Members of Lycopodiaceae are not spermatophytes and so do not produce seeds. Instead they produce spores, which are oily and flammable, and are the most economically important aspects of these plants. The spores are of one size (i.e. the plants are isosporous) and are borne on a specialized structure at the apex of a shoot called a strobilus (plural: strobili), which resembles a tiny battle club, from which the common name derives. Members of the family share the common feature of having a microphy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylloglossum
''Phylloglossum'', a genus in the clubmoss Family (biology), family Lycopodiaceae, is a small plant superficially resembling a tiny Poaceae, grass plant, growing with a rosette of slender leaf, leaves 2–5 cm long from an underground bulb-like root. It has a single central stem up to 5 cm tall bearing a spore-producing cone at the apex, and was previously classified variously in the family Lycopodiaceae or in its own family the Phylloglossaceae, but recent genetics, genetic evidence demonstrates it is most closely related to the genus ''Firmoss, Huperzia'' and is a sister clade to the genus ''Phlegmariurus'', which was formerly included in ''Huperzia''. Morphological characters, as well as molecular characters based on ''rbc''L data, support the close relationship of ''Phylloglossum'' to ''Huperzia''. Similarities in spore morphology, sporangial epidermis morphology, phytochemistry, and chromosome number indicate that ''Phylloglossum'' and ''Huperzia'' are closely rela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodiella
''Lycopodiella'' is a genus in the clubmoss family Lycopodiaceae. The genus members are commonly called bog clubmosses, describing their wetland habitat. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centers of diversity in the tropical New World and New Guinea. In the past, the genus was often incorporated within the related genus ''Lycopodium'', but was segregated in 1964. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), ''Lycopodiella'' is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae, along with three other genera. In this circumscription, the genus has about 15 species. Other sources use a wider circumscription, in which the genus is equivalent to the Lycopodielloideae of PPG I, in which case about 40 species and hybrids are accepted. Description ''Lycopodiella'' are non-flowering plants. They have leafy rhizomes that grow along the ground and vertical, leafy shoots, also known as peduncles. Fertile peduncles have strobili at the top of the shoot. Individu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodium
''Lycopodium'' (from Ancient Greek ''lykos'', wolf and ''podion'', diminutive of ''pous'', foot) is a genus of clubmosses, also known as ground pines or creeping cedars, in the family Lycopodiaceae. Two very different circumscriptions of the genus are in use. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), ''Lycopodium'' is one of nine genera in the subfamily Lycopodioideae, and has from nine to 15 species. In other classifications, the genus is equivalent to the whole of the subfamily, since it includes all of the other genera. More than 40 species are accepted. Description They are flowerless, vascular, terrestrial or epiphytic plants, with widely branched, erect, prostrate, or creeping stems, with small, simple, needle-like or scale-like leaves that cover the stem and branches thickly. The stems usually creep along the ground, forking at intervals. The leaves contain a single, unbranched vascular strand, and are microphylls by definition. They are usually ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spinulum Annotinum
''Spinulum annotinum'', synonym ''Lycopodium annotinum'', known as interrupted club-moss, or stiff clubmoss, is a species of clubmoss native to forests of the colder parts of North America (Greenland, St. Pierre & Miquelon, all 10 provinces and all 3 territories of Canada, Alaska, and mountains of the contiguous United States), as well as Asia (China, Russia, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Assam), and most of Europe. It is an evergreen perennial pteridophyte. The genus '' Spinulum'' is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), but not in other classifications, which submerge the genus in ''Lycopodium''. Description ''Spinulum annotinum'' is a common and widespread club-moss spreading by means of horizontal stems running along the surface of the ground. It is usually unbranched or sparingly branched, each branch containing a cone at the top. Leaves have minute teeth on their edges. The branches are long, upright and somewhat branchless themselves. The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlegmariurus
''Phlegmariurus'' is a genus of lycophyte plants in the family Lycopodiaceae. The genus is recognized in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), but not by some other sources, which keep it in a broadly defined ''Huperzia''. Taxonomy The genus was first described in 1909 by Wilhelm Herter as the section ''Phlegmariurus'' of the genus ''Lycopodium''. The section was elevated to a genus by Josef Ludwig Holub in 1964. Within the family Lycopodiaceae, ''Phlegmariurus'' is placed in the subfamily Huperzioideae. A phylogenetic study in 2016, employing both molecular and morphological data, concluded that either a one-genus or a three-genus division of the subfamily produced monophyletic taxa. The authors preferred the three-genus division, recognizing ''Huperzia'', ''Phlegmariurus'' and ''Phylloglossum ''Phylloglossum'', a genus in the clubmoss Family (biology), family Lycopodiaceae, is a small plant superficially resembling a tiny Poaceae, grass plant, gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudolycopodiella
''Pseudolycopodiella'' is a genus of non-seed plants in the Lycopodiaceae The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 mi ..., long considered part of ''Lycopodium'', but now recognized as a separate genus. It has 10–14 recognized species, only one in North America: '' Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana''.Wagner, W. H. Jr. and J. M. Beitel. 1992. Generic classification of modern North American Lycopodiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79: 676--686. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following 16 species: *'' Pseudolycopodiella affinis'' (Bory) Holub *'' Pseudolycopodiella brevipedunculata'' (Alderw.) Holub *'' Pseudolycopodiella carnosa'' (Silveira) Holub *'' Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana'' (L.) Holub *'' Pseudolycopodiella c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diphasiastrum
''Diphasiastrum'' is a genus of clubmosses in the plant family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodioideae. It is closely related to the genus ''Lycopodium'', and some botanists treat it within a broad view of that genus as a section, ''Lycopodium'' sect. ''Complanata''. Some species superficially resemble diminutive gymnosperms and have been given common names such as ground-pine or ground-cedar. There are 16 species, and numerous natural hybrids in the genus; many of the hybrids are fertile, allowing their occurrence to become frequent, sometimes more so than the parent species. The basal chromosome count for this genus is ''n=23'', which is distinctively different from other lycopods. Several species have been used economically for their spores, which are harvested as Lycopodium powder. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huperzia
''Huperzia'' is a genus of lycophyte plants, sometimes known as the firmosses or fir clubmosses; the ''Flora of North America'' calls them gemma fir-mosses. This genus was originally included in the related genus ''Lycopodium'', from which it differs in having undifferentiated sporangial leaves, and the sporangia not formed into apical cones. The common name ''firmoss'', used for some of the north temperate species, refers to their superficial resemblance to branches of fir (''Abies''), a conifer. , two very different circumscriptions of the genus were in use. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), ''Huperzia'' is one of three genera in the subfamily Huperzioideae of the family Lycopodiaceae. Most species in the subfamily are placed in the genus '' Phlegmariurus''. ''Huperzia'' is left with about 25 species, although not all have been formally transferred to other genera. Other sources recognize only ''Huperzia'', which then has about 340 species. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiopsida is a class of vascular plants also known as lycopsids, lycopods, or lycophytes. Members of the class are also called clubmosses, firmosses, spikemosses and quillworts. They have dichotomously branching stems bearing simple leaves called microphylls and reproduce by means of spores borne in sporangia on the sides of the stems at the bases of the leaves. Although living species are small, during the Carboniferous, extinct tree-like forms ( Lepidodendrales) formed huge forests that dominated the landscape and contributed to coal deposits. The nomenclature and classification of plants with microphylls varies substantially among authors. A consensus classification for extant (living) species was produced in 2016 by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG I), which places them all in the class Lycopodiopsida, which includes the classes Isoetopsida and Selaginellopsida used in other systems. (See Table 2.) Alternative classification systems have used ranks from di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrolycopodium
''Austrolycopodium'' is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodioideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into ''Lycopodium''. ''Austrolycopodium'' species are mostly native to the temperate southern hemisphere. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *'' Austrolycopodium aberdaricum'' (Chiov.) Holub *'' Austrolycopodium alboffii'' (Rolleri) Holub *'' Austrolycopodium confertum'' (Willd.) Holub *'' Austrolycopodium erectum'' (Phil.) Holub *'' Austrolycopodium fastigiatum'' (R.Br.) Holub *''Austrolycopodium magellanicum'' (P.Beauv.) Holub *''Austrolycopodium paniculatum ''Austrolycopodium'' is a genus of Lycopodiopsida, lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodioideae. Some sources do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palhinhaea
''Palhinhaea'' is a genus of Lycopodiopsida, lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into ''Lycopodiella''. ''Palhinhaea'' species are widespread in the tropics and subtropics. Species , the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' recognized the following species: *''Palhinhaea bradei'' (Nessel) Holub *''Palhinhaea brevibracteata'' (Alderw.) Holub *''Palhinhaea camporum'' (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) Holub *''Palhinhaea cernua'' (L.) Vasc. & Franco *''Palhinhaea cerrojefensis'' B.Øllg. *''Palhinhaea crassifolia'' (Spring) Fraser-Jenk. & Kholia *''Palhinhaea curvata'' (Sw.) Holub *''Palhinhaea descendens'' (B.Øllg.) Holub *''Palhinhaea divaricata'' B.Øllg. *''Palhinhaea eichleri'' (Fée) Holub *''Palhinhaea glaucescens'' (C.Presl) Holub *''Palhinhaea hainanensis'' C.Y.Yang *''Palhinhaea hydrophila'' (Alde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudodiphasium
''Pseudodiphasium'' is a genus of lycophyte in the family Lycopodiaceae with only one species, ''Pseudodiphasium volubile''. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genus is placed in the subfamily Lycopodioideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into ''Lycopodium''. ''Pseudodiphasium volubile'' is native from Peninsular Malaysia to Queensland, Australia, and has been introduced into Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain .... References Lycopodiaceae Lycophyte genera Monotypic plant genera {{Lycophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
